''Hungerfordia'' is a genus of small
land snail
A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have gastropod shell, shel ...
s with an
operculum, a
terrestrial
Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial.
Terrestrial may also refer to:
* Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...
gastropod
Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusk
Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
in the family
Diplommatinidae
Diplommatinidae is a family (biology), family of small land snails, also known as staircase snails, with an operculum (gastropod), operculum, Terrestrial molluscs, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cyclophoroidea. The Cochlostom ...
endemic to the
Republic of Palau
Palau, officially the Republic of Palau, is an island country in the Micronesia subregion of Oceania in the western Pacific Ocean. The Republic of Palau consists of approximately 340 islands and is the western part of the Caroline Islands, w ...
.
Many of the members of this genus inhabit limestone cliffs or rubble, especially in the
Rock Islands
The Rock Islands of Palau, also called ''Chelbacheb'', are a collection of several hundred small limestone or coral uprises in the Southern Lagoon of Palau between Koror and Peleliu, now an incorporated part of Koror State. There are between ...
(Chelbacheb) in
Airai
Airai, located on the southern coast of Babeldaob island, is the second-most populous States of Palau, state of Palau. It contains the country's chief airport, Roman Tmetuchl International Airport, and is connected by the Koror–Babeldaob Bridge ...
,
Koror
Koror is the state comprising the main commercial centre of the Republic of Palau. It consists of several islands, the most prominent being Koror Island (also ''Oreor Island''). It is Palau’s most populous state.
History
In the oral tradition of ...
, and
Peleliu
Peleliu (or Beliliou) is an island in the island nation of Palau. Peleliu, along with two small islands to its northeast, forms one of the sixteen states of Palau. The island is notable as the location of the Battle of Peleliu in World War II.
...
states.
As of 2022, there are 41 described species in this genus.
A series of revisions in 2013 - 2015 described several new species, as well as transferring Palauan members of the genus
Diplommatina
''Diplommatina'' is a genus of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the family Diplommatinidae.MolluscaBase (2018). Diplommatina Benson, 1849. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinesp ...
or
Palaina
''Palaina'' is a genus of minute land snails with opercula, terrestrial gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Diplommatinidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Palaina O. Semper, 1865. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...
(including Palau endemics Diplommatina alata, D. aurea, D. crassilabris, D. gibboni, D. inflatula, D. lamellata, D. lutea, D. pyramis, and D. ringens) into Hungerfordia.
Species
Species within the genus ''Hungerfordia'' include:
* Hungerfordia alata
* Hungerfordia angaurensis
* Hungerfordia aspera
* Hungerfordia aurea
* Hungerfordia basodonta
* Hungerfordia brachyptera
* Hungerfordia chilorhytis
* Hungerfordia crassilabris
* Hungerfordia crenata
* Hungerfordia echinata
* Hungerfordia elegantissima
* Hungerfordia eurystoma
* Hungerfordia expansilabris
* Hungerfordia fragilipennis
* Hungerfordia gibboni
* Hungerfordia globosa
* Hungerfordia goniobasis
* Hungerfordia inflatula
* Hungerfordia irregularis
* Hungerfordia lamellata
* Hungerfordia longissima
* Hungerfordia loxodonta
* Hungerfordia lutea
* Hungerfordia microbasodonta
* Hungerfordia ngereamensis
* Hungerfordia nodulosa
* Hungerfordia nudicollum
* Hungerfordia omphaloptyx
* Hungerfordia papilio
* ''
Hungerfordia pelewensis''
* Hungerfordia polymorpha
* Hungerfordia pteropurpuroides
* Hungerfordia pyramis
* Hungerfordia ringens
* Hungerfordia robiginosa
* Hungerfordia rudicostata
* Hungerfordia spinoscapula
* Hungerfordia spiroperculata
* Hungerfordia subalata
* Hungerfordia triplochilus
* Hungerfordia unisulcata
Subspecies
There are currently 19 named subspecies of Hungerfordia distributed among 8 different species:
* Hungerfordia crassilabris attenuata
* Hungerfordia crassilabris crassilabris
* Hungerfordia crassilabris tridentata
* Hungerfordia echinata echinata
* Hungerfordia echinata tubulispina
* Hungerfordia elegantissima anomphala
* Hungerfordia elegantissima elegantissima
* Hungerfordia goniobasis dmasechensis
* Hungerfordia goniobasis exserta
* Hungerfordia goniobasis goniobasis
* Hungerfordia lutea hemilaevis
* Hungerfordia lutea lutea
* Hungerfordia papilio papilio
* Hungerfordia papilio stenoptera
* Hungerfordia pyramis pteroma
* Hungerfordia pyramis pyramis
* Hungerfordia ringens ringens
* Hungerfordia ringens rotundata
* Hungerfordia ringens ventrinodus
References
Nomenclator Zoologicus info]
Hungerfordia (gastropod),
Diplommatinidae
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
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