The Hunan–Jiangxi Soviet ( zh, c=湘赣苏维埃, p=Xiāng-Gàn Sūwéiāi) was a constituent part of the

Chinese Soviet Republic The Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR) was a state within China, proclaimed on 7 November 1931 by Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leaders Mao Zedong and Zhu De in the early stages of the Chinese Civil War. The discontiguous territories of the CSR incl ...

, an unrecognised sovereign state that existed from November 1931 to 1935 (arguably continuing on from its new capital at

Yan'an Yan'an; ; Chinese postal romanization, alternatively spelled as Yenan is a prefecture-level city in the Shaanbei region of Shaanxi Province of China, province, China, bordering Shanxi to the east and Gansu to the west. It administers several c ...

). Before that declaration of overarching statehood, the area was known as the Hunan-Jiangxi Revolutionary Base ( zh, c=湘赣革命根据地, p=Xiāng-Gàn Gémìng Gēnjùdì).

Government & Geography

The Revolutionary Base headquarters and later constituent Soviet administrative centre was at Lianhua County in the present-day

Pingxiang Pingxiang ( zh, s=萍乡 , t=萍鄉 , p=Píngxiāng, w=P'ing-hsiang) is a medium-sized prefecture-level city located in western Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China. Pingxiang City is located in the west of Jiangxi Province, bordering Yic ...

municipal region. Lianhua lies in the

Luoxiao Mountains The Luoxiao Mountains () are a system of mountain ranges in the People's Republic of China that straddle Jiangxi, Hubei, and Hunan provinces. Subranges Among other smaller ranges, the Luoxiao Mountains include the following subranges: * Wugong Mo ...

, running roughly north–south between the two provinces. The range also nestled the famous Jinggangshan redoubt of the anti-Rightist troops of the abortive

Autumn Harvest Uprising The Autumn Harvest Uprising was an insurrection that took place in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces of China, on September 7, 1927, led by Mao Zedong, who established a short-lived Hunan Soviet. After initial success, the uprising was brutally ...

of 1927.

Civil War Battles

The Hunan–Jiangxi Soviet's main armed force was known as the South-Eastern Hunan Red Army Independent Division. Until March 1931 it had been known as the Eastern Hunan Red Army Independent Division. The Soviet successfully defended itself against a series of

Nationalist Government The Nationalist government, officially the National Government of the Republic of China, refers to the government of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China from 1 July 1925 to 20 May 1948, led by the nationalist Kuomintang (KMT ...

attacks from January 29 to March 24, 1931, known as the Encirclement Campaign against Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet. Moving out in August 1934, the Soviet's military (by now designated Sixth Army Group) crossed the

Xiang River The Xiang River is the chief river of the Lake Dongting drainage system of the middle Yangtze, the largest river in Hunan Province, China. It is the second-largest tributary (after the Min River) in terms of surface runoff, the fifth-largest ...

and climbed into the Miao-nation ( Hmong-nation) mountain homeland, there to join in October the forces of the Hunan-Hubei-Sichuan-Guizhou Soviet. The combined force under general

He Long He Long (; March 22, 1896 – June 9, 1969) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary and a Marshal of the People's Republic of China. He was from a poor rural family in Hunan, and his family was not able to provide him with any formal education. H ...

was redesignated the Second Front Red Army.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hunan-Jiangxi Soviet Soviets of the Chinese Soviet Republic States and territories established in 1931