The Hum Tower ( Bosnian: ''Toranj Hum / Predajnik Hum'') is a tall

telecommunication tower Radio masts and towers are typically tall structures designed to support antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. There are two main types: guyed and self-supporting structures. They are among the tallest human-m ...

located on Mount Hum in the periphery of

Sarajevo Sarajevo ( ), ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'' is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 2 ...

. The original tower was finished in the 1960s, rebuilt in the 1980s. During the

Bosnian war The Bosnian War ( / Рат у Босни и Херцеговини) was an international armed conflict that took place in Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995. Following several earlier violent incid ...

, on 2 May 1992 it was partly destroyed by the JNA and VRS.

History

Hum Tower become one of the most important

landmarks A landmark is a recognizable natural or artificial feature used for navigation, a feature that stands out from its near environment and is often visible from long distances. In modern-day use, the term can also be applied to smaller structures ...

of Sarajevo, capital of

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...

.
The

TV transmitter A television transmitter is a transmitter that is used for terrestrial (over-the-air) television broadcasting. It is an electronic device that radiates radio waves that carry a video signal representing moving images, along with a synchronized a ...

was built in the 1980s at an

altitude Altitude is a distance measurement, usually in the vertical or "up" direction, between a reference datum (geodesy), datum and a point or object. The exact definition and reference datum varies according to the context (e.g., aviation, geometr ...

of 812

meter The metre (or meter in US spelling; symbol: m) is the base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI). Since 2019, the metre has been defined as the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of of ...

s. It consists of a constructed object and the

reinforced concrete Reinforced concrete, also called ferroconcrete or ferro-concrete, is a composite material in which concrete's relatively low tensile strength and ductility are compensated for by the inclusion of reinforcement having higher tensile strength or ...

pillar A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member. ...

height of 78.5 meters. On the antenna pole were installed UHF TV antenna system, VHF TV antenna system and VHF FM antenna system which broadcast analog radio and television signal. The facility was primarily used by

RTV Sarajevo BHRT (Bosnian-Herzegovinian Radio Television; ''Bosnian language, Bosnian: Bosanskohercegovačka radio-televizija; Croatian language, Croatian: Bosanskohercegovačka radio-televizija; Serbian language, Serbian: Босанскохерцегова ...

(''Radio Televizija Sarajevo'') which broadcast four radio and three television programs until 1992 (TVSA, TVSA 2, TVSA 3; Radio Sarajevo 1, Sarajevo 202, Radio Sarajevo 2 and Radio Sarajevo 3). During the

, in 1992, antenna tower and the building suffered major damage, which are partially repaired after the war. The building and emission devices are under constant surveillance of duty technicians from national public broadcaster,

BHRT BHRT (Bosnian-Herzegovinian Radio Television; '' Bosnian: Bosanskohercegovačka radio-televizija; Croatian: Bosanskohercegovačka radio-televizija; Serbian: Босанскохерцеговачка радио-телевизија'') formerly k ...

. According to international obligations,

is planned to switch to

digital broadcasting Digital broadcasting is the practice of using digital signals rather than analogue signals for broadcasting over radio frequency bands (radio broadcasting). Digital television broadcasting (especially satellite television) is widespread. Digital ...

in April 2014, but that deadline is breached. Within the first phase of digitalisation in BiH at the facility Hum installed DVB-T transmitter 1 KW,

UHF Ultra high frequency (UHF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies in the range between 300 megahertz (MHz) and 3 gigahertz (GHz), also known as the decimetre band as the wavelengths range from one meter to one tenth of a meter ...

antenna system, digital RR links and parabolic antenna. Installed DVB-T transmitter will broadcast programs of public broadcasters:

BHT 1 BHT1 is a Bosnian national public mainstream TV channel operated by Radio and Television of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BHRT). The channel broadcasts on a daily basis for 20 hours in one of the two alphabets ( Bosnian Latin alphabet and Bosnian Cyr ...

, FTV and

RTRS Radio Television of Republika Srpska (Serbian language, Serbian: ''Радио Телевизија Републике Српске'' / Radio Televizija Republike Srpske or RTRS) is the entity-level Public broadcasting, public broadcaster which o ...

. Commissioning of this equipment is expected in the mid-2016.

Radio and TV frequencies

BH Radio 1 BH Radio 1 is a Bosnian national public mainstream radio channel operated by Radio and Television of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BHRT). The program is broadcast on a daily basis 24 hours with equal use one of the three official languages in Bosnia a ...

* RTVFBiH - '' Federalni Radio'' * RTVFBiH - ''

Federalna televizija Federalna televizija ("Federal television"; locally known as Federalna TV ("Federal TV") or FTV) is a public mainstream TV channel operated by RTVFBiH. The program is broadcast on a daily basis, 24 hours from RTVFBiH headquarters located in S ...

References

External links

{{Sarajevo Architecture in Bosnia and Herzegovina Buildings and structures in Sarajevo Mass media in Sarajevo Yugoslav Bosnian and Herzegovinian architecture