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A hope chest, also called dowry chest, cedar chest, trousseau chest, or glory box, is a piece of furniture once commonly used by unmarried young women to collect items, such as clothing and household linen, in anticipation of married life. The term 'hope chest' or 'cedar chest' is used in the United States; in the United Kingdom, the term is 'bottom drawer'; while both terms and 'glory box' are used by women in Australia. "By the turn of the
0th 0th or zeroth may refer to: Mathematics, science and technology * 0th or zeroth, an ordinal for the number 0 * 0th dimension, a topological space * 0th element, of a data structure in computer science * Zeroth law of thermodynamics, 0th law of The ...
century the trousseau and the glory-box had become accepted institutions for the readers of the weekly and monthly women's magazines."
Today, some furniture makers refer to hope chests as chests made to hold family heirlooms or general storage items. By contrast, a "bridal chest" was given to a bride at her wedding by her husband, and so is not a "hope chest" in this regard.


Function

A ''trousseau'' was a common coming-of-age rite until approximately the 1950s; it was typically a step on the road to marriage between courting a man and engagement. It wasn't always collected in a special chest, hence the alternative UK term ''bottom drawer'', which refers to putting aside one drawer in a
chest of drawers A chest of drawers, also called (especially in North American English) a dresser or a bureau, or informally a Chester Draws, is a type of cabinet (a piece of furniture) that has multiple parallel, horizontal drawers generally stacked one above a ...
for collecting the trousseau undisturbed, but such a chest was an acceptable gift for a girl approaching a marriageable age. Contents of a 'hope chest' or 'glory box' included common
dowry A dowry is a payment such as land, property, money, livestock, or a commercial asset that is paid by the bride's (woman's) family to the groom (man) or his family at the time of marriage. Dowry contrasts with the related concepts of bride price ...
items such as clothing, table linens, towels, bed linens, quilts and occasionally dishware. The hope chest was often used for the firstborn girl of a family. Instead of only containing sheets and household linen in the bottom drawer, their chest would transport these goods and dowries, and later be used as a standard piece of furniture for the lady of the house to use. This dowry chest was often richly decorated, however over time dowry chests gradually became smaller, with jewelry boxes emerging instead of large dowry boxes. Since brides often leave home upon marriage, some hope chests were made with portability in mind. The
National Museum of Australia The National Museum of Australia (NMA), in the national capital Canberra, preserves and interprets Australia's social history, exploring the key issues, people and events that have shaped the nation. It was formally established by the ''Nation ...
displayed a prospective bride's trousseau that was hand-made between 1916 and 1918. In this case, the trousseau— never used because the bride's fiancé was killed in
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
before the marriage took place — was stored in
calico Calico (; in British usage since 1505) is a heavy plain-woven textile made from unbleached, and often not fully processed, cotton. It may also contain unseparated husk parts. The fabric is far coarser than muslin, but less coarse and thick than ...
bags rather than in a chest.


Historical origins

*
Cassone A cassone (plural ''cassoni'') or marriage chest is a rich and showy Italian type of chest, which may be inlaid or carved, prepared with gesso ground then painted and gilded. ''Pastiglia'' was decoration in low relief carved or moulded in ...
of
renaissance Italy The Italian Renaissance ( ) was a period in History of Italy, Italian history between the 14th and 16th centuries. The period is known for the initial development of the broader Renaissance culture that spread across Western Europe and marked t ...
: A large, Italian type of
chest The thorax (: thoraces or thoraxes) or chest is a part of the anatomy of mammals and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen. In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main di ...
that was used in dynastic marriages in 15th and 16th century Italy. The cassone was associated with displays of wealth and luxury, serving as a prized possession among wealthy merchants and aristocrats. * Dutch Kast or German Schrank : Kasts and schranks were tall, wardrobe-like chests with double doors, and larger than most hope chests. They were intended for regular service in the home after marriage and constructed with the ability to be dismantled for transport.. * American settlers : The hope chest as an expression of folk art came with the waves of European immigrants to America. Immigrants from Scandinavia settled in the Northern Midwest, while Germans arrived in Pennsylvania. The
Amish The Amish (, also or ; ; ), formally the Old Order Amish, are a group of traditionalist Anabaptism, Anabaptist Christianity, Christian Christian denomination, church fellowships with Swiss people, Swiss and Alsace, Alsatian origins. As they ...
had traditions of constructing simple chests with extensive painted decoration. * Arabic origins : In the Middle East, similar chests were known as "dower chests." The Cairo Genizah documents, which contain nearly 400,000 texts, provide insight into daily life in
Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...
from the 6th to the 19th centuries. Numerous marriage contracts from the
Genizah A genizah (; , also ''geniza''; plural: ''genizot'' 'h''or ''genizahs'') is a storage area in a Judaism, Jewish synagogue or cemetery designated for the temporary storage of worn-out Hebrew-language books and papers on religious topics prior t ...
refer to dower chests, with two types used: muqaddimah, for the bride’s personal possessions, and sunduq, commonly in matching pairs for other goods. These chests were generally not elaborately decorated, except in the case of the ruling class.


Decoration

While not an essential to the function of a hope chest, different forms of decoration have historically appeared in many styles.


Carving

: Carving was a notable technique in joined oak chests during the 17th and 18th century. The Hadley chests of
Massachusetts Massachusetts ( ; ), officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Maine to its east, Connecticut and Rhode ...
were covered by surface carvings in the typical low-relief style of the period.


Engraving

: Engraving is another way of decorating hope chests or cedar chests. It is common to add engravings to personalize chests or make them unique, particularly within Amish communities.


Painting

: Painting has traditionally been used in Scandinavian and German hope chests, and follows traditional styles. Modern Arab hope chests are made of metal rather than wood, with closer resemblance to a footlocker. They are painted predominantly red, often with a mosque dome or architectural design on the lid.


Gesso A restored gesso panel representing St. Martin of Tours, from St. Michael and All Angels Church, Lyndhurst, Hampshire Gesso (; 'chalk', from the , from ), also known as "glue gesso" or "Italian gesso", is a white paint mixture used to coat rigi ...

: The gilded gesso of the cassoni was produced by craftsmen, although it is not as common now. It was often inlaid or carved, prepared with
gesso A restored gesso panel representing St. Martin of Tours, from St. Michael and All Angels Church, Lyndhurst, Hampshire Gesso (; 'chalk', from the , from ), also known as "glue gesso" or "Italian gesso", is a white paint mixture used to coat rigi ...
ground then painted and
gilded Gilding is a decorative technique for applying a very thin coating of gold over solid surfaces such as metal (most common), wood, porcelain, or stone. A gilded object is also described as "gilt". Where metal is gilded, the metal below was tradi ...
.


Sulfur inlay Sulfur inlay is a rarely used technique for decorative surface inlay in wooden cabinetmaking. The technique originates in the 18th century, but was only used for a short period. Between 1765 and around 1820, German immigrant cabinetmakers in Lan ...

: Sulfur inlay was a decorative technique used in making furniture and chests during a short period of time. Between 1765 and 1820, German immigrant cabinetmakers in
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania Lancaster County (; ), sometimes nicknamed the Garden Spot of America or Pennsylvania Dutch Country, is a County (United States), county in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 United States ...
, used it to decorate the surface of chests. An example is the Deitrich chest of 1783, which is now at the Smithsonian.


Lane Ceder chest

The Lane Furniture Company of
Altavista, Virginia Altavista is an incorporated town in Campbell County, Virginia, United States. The town is in the Lynchburg Metropolitan Area, and its population was 3,378 at the 2020 census. It was founded in 1907 by John Edward Lane and Henry L. Lane of the ...
(active 1912-2022) was a notable maker of cedar chests. After developing production-line techniques for ammunition boxes during World War I, they turned these techniques, and a patented locking-mitre corner joint, towards producing chests. They employed celebrity advertising, including a teenage
Shirley Temple Shirley Temple Black (born Shirley Jane Temple; April 23, 1928 – February 10, 2014) was an American actress, singer, dancer, and diplomat, who was Hollywood's number-one box-office draw as a child actress from 1934 to 1938. Later, she was na ...
, in a campaign targeted at GIs and absentee sweethearts of
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
. Lane Furniture was widely recognized for their Lane Girl Graduate Plan, a series of 1930s advertising gifts of 9" long cedar chests to girls graduating from high-school. While Lane Furniture company continued business after its acquisition by Interco Corporation in 1987, the production of Lane Cedar chests stopped in 2001.


Suffocation hazard to children

There have been 14 reported cases of child suffocation inside hope chests due to the piece's traditional design, which can trap children under a heavy and sometimes self-locking lid. In 1996, following reports of at least six child suffocation deaths, the manufacturer Lane Furniture recalled 12 million self-locking hope chests which could not be opened from the inside. Specifically, the CPSC recall applied to the locks of all "Lane" and "Virginia Maid" cedar chests manufactured between 1912 and 1987. As part of the recall, they provided new latch replacement parts. However, CPSC estimates that 6 million chests still use the recalled lock latch. As of 2023 this recall is no longer available, and owners are encouraged to permanently remove the latch and lock.


See also

*
Bride price Bride price, bride-dowry, bride-wealth, bride service or bride token, is money, property, or other form of wealth paid by a groom or his family to the woman or the family of the woman he will be married to or is just about to marry. Bride dowry ...
*
Dower Dower is a provision accorded traditionally by a husband or his family, to a wife for her support should she become widowed. It was settlement (law), settled on the bride (being given into trust instrument, trust) by agreement at the time of t ...
*
Dowry A dowry is a payment such as land, property, money, livestock, or a commercial asset that is paid by the bride's (woman's) family to the groom (man) or his family at the time of marriage. Dowry contrasts with the related concepts of bride price ...


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Hope Chest Chests (furniture) Marriage