''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from

Ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...

ὅμοιος, ''like'', and ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of South American

tarantulas Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the Family (biology), family Theraphosidae. , 1,100 species have been identified, with 166 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Therap ...

that was first described by

Anton Ausserer Anton Ausserer (5 July 184320 July 1889)Maurer, Ferdinand: ''Nachruf an Dr. Anton Ausserer.'' Programm des kk. acad. Gymnasiums in Grätz. Graz 1890 was an Austrian natural history, naturalist specialising in spiders.Bonnet, Pierre: Bibliographi ...

in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Calopelma'', ''Butantania'', and of ''Cyclothoracoides''. These

are usually quite small and usually

burrow file:Chipmunk-burrow (exits).jpg, An eastern chipmunk at the entrance of its burrow A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of Animal lo ...

a few centimeters under a rock or log.

Diagnosis

Males of this genus can be distinguished by the tile-like apophysis on the base of the

palpal bulb The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often descr ...

, and the

embolus An embolus (; : emboli; from the Greek ἔμβολος "wedge", "plug") is an unattached mass that travels through the circulatory system, bloodstream and is capable of creating blockages. When an embolus Vascular occlusion, occludes a blood vess ...

being in an obtuse angle, in relation to the bulb. Males also have a flexion of the

metatarsus The metatarsal bones or metatarsus (: metatarsi) are a group of five long bones in the midfoot, located between the tarsal bones (which form the heel and the ankle) and the phalanges ( toes). Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are ...

1, which is between the branches of the tibial apophysis. Females can be distinguished by the

spermatheca The spermatheca (pronounced : spermathecae ), also called ''receptaculum seminis'' (: ''receptacula seminis''), is an organ of the female reproductive tract in insects, e.g. ants, bees, some molluscs, Oligochaeta worms and certain other in ...

morphology, which lacks constriction in the apex.

Species

it contains thirteen species, found in South America: *''

Homoeomma brasilianum ''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, ''like'', and ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Calopelma'', ''But ...

'' (

Chamberlin The Chamberlin is an electro-mechanical keyboard instrument that was a precursor to the Mellotron. It was developed and patented by the American inventor Harry Chamberlin from 1949 to 1956, when the first model was introduced. There are several ...

, 1917) –

Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...

*''

Homoeomma chilense ''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, ''like'', and ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Calopelma'', ''But ...

'' Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018 –

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...

*''

Homoeomma elegans ''Homoeomma elegans'' is a species of spiders in the family Theraphosidae Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. , 1,100 species have been identified, with 166 genera. The term "tarantul ...

'' (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1958) –

Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...

*''

Homoeomma familiare ''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, ''like'', and ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Calopelma'', ''But ...

'' Bertkau, 1880 – Brazil *''

Homoeomma hirsutum ''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, ''like'', and ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Calopelma'', ''But ...

'' ( Mello-Leitão, 1935) – Brazil *''

Homoeomma montanum ''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, ''like'', and ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Calopelma'', ''But ...

'' (Mello-Leitão, 1923) – Brazil *''

Homoeomma nigrum ''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, ''like'', and ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Calopelma'', ''But ...

'' (

Walckenaer Baron Charles Athanase Walckenaer (25 December 1771 – 28 April 1852) was a French civil servant, writer, man of letters, and scientist. He was a polymath and wrote extensively on geography, natural history, and literature. Major contributio ...

, 1837) – Brazil *''

Homoeomma orellanai ''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, ''like'', and ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Calopelma'', ''But ...

'' Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018 – Chile *'' Homoeomma peruvianum'' (Chamberlin, 1916) –

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

*'' Homoeomma strabo'' (

Simon Simon may refer to: People * Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon * Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon * Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...

, 1892) –

Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...

, Brazil *''

Homoeomma stradlingi ''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, ''like'', and ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Calopelma'', ''But ...

'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1881 (

type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * ...

) – Brazil *''

Homoeomma uruguayense ''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from Ancient Greek wiktionary:ὅμοιος, ὅμοιος, ''like'', and wiktionary:ὄμμα, ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a genus of South American Theraphosidae, tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 18 ...

'' (Mello-Leitão, 1946) –

Uruguay Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...

, Argentina *'' Homoeomma villosum'' ( Keyserling, 1891) – Brazil

In synonymy

*''H. bicolor'' Sherwood, Gabriel & Longhorn, 2018 = ''Homoeomma chilense'' Montenegro & Aguilera, 2018 *''H. cyclothorax'' (Mello-Leitão, 1923) = ''Homoeomma montanum'' (Mello-Leitão, 1923) *''H. moreirae'' (Mello-Leitão, 1923) = ''Homoeomma brasilianum'' (Chamberlin, 1917) *''H. regina'' (Chamberlin, 1917) = ''Homoeomma strabo'' (Simon, 1892) *''H. serratum'' (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1958) = ''Homoeomma uruguayense'' (Mello-Leitão, 1946)

Transferred to other genera

*''Homoeomma alcirae'' Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1954 → '' Plesiopelma alcirae'' *''Homoeomma humile'' Vellard, 1924 → ''

Bumba humilis Bumba can refer to: Geography * Bumba, Democratic Republic of the Congo, a town on the Congo River * Bumba, a crater on Rhea *Bumba, mythical land of the Kalmyk people in the ''Epic of Jangar'' People * Bumba Da, nickname of Bengali film actor Pr ...

'' *''Homoeomma pictum'' (Pocock, 1903) → ''

Anqasha picta ''Anqasha'' is a monotypic genus of Peruvian tarantulas, containing one species, ''Anqasha picta'', first described by Danniella Sherwood and Ray Gabriel in 2022. The type species was initially described under the name ''Hapalopus pictus'' in 1 ...

' *''Homoeomma simoni'' Soares & Camargo, 1948 → ''

Catanduba simoni ''Catanduba'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by F. U. Yamamoto, S. M. Lucas & Antônio Domingos Brescovit in 2012. Species it contains seven species, all found in Brazil: *''Catanduba araguaia'' Yamamoto, Lucas ...

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2715716 Theraphosidae genera Spiders of South America Taxa named by Anton Ausserer Theraphosidae

Diagnosis

Species

In synonymy

Transferred to other genera

See also

References