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A video vixen (also referred to as a hip hop honey or video girl) is a woman who
models A model is an informative representation of an object, person, or system. The term originally denoted the plans of a building in late 16th-century English, and derived via French and Italian ultimately from Latin , . Models can be divided int ...
and appears in
hip hop Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hip- ...
-oriented
music video A music video is a video that integrates a song or an album with imagery that is produced for promotion (marketing), promotional or musical artistic purposes. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a music marketing device intended to ...
s. The concept peaked in popularity from the 1990s to the early 2010s. Story, Kaila A. "Performing Venus-From Hottentot to Video Vixen." Home Girls Make Some Noise: Hip-hop Feminism Anthology. By Gwendolyn D. Pough, Mark Anthony. Neal, and Joan Morgan. Mira Loma, CA: Parker Pub., 2007. N. pag. Print. Video vixens are often aspiring actors, singers, dancers, or professional models. Artists and vixens have been criticized for allegedly contributing to the social degradation of women of color.


History

The video vixen is believed to have arrived around the late 80s when hip-hop was becoming popular as its own genre in the music industry. At this time, women were used to create appeal in music videos while in the background. It wasn't until the late 1990s, when the women came to the center of many videos. Some argue that the concept of the video vixen is a continuation of the
Jezebel stereotype Stereotypes of African Americans are misleading beliefs about the culture of people with partial or total ancestry from any black racial groups of Africa whose ancestors resided in the United States since before 1865. These stereotypes are la ...
, portraying women as sexually promiscuous. The role of video vixens in culture has been seen as controversial in recent years. Various academics have expressed concern over the subordinate, submissive, and sexual roles video vixens embody.Stange, Mary Zeiss; Carol K. Oyster; Jane Sloan
''Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World''
Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Reference, 2011, p. 695, .
Signs of male power and the use of derogatory language (i.e.,"bitch", "slut") by artists may contribute to the narrative that women are the inferior sex. In 2004,
Nelly Cornell Iral Haynes Jr. (born November 2, 1974), better known by his stage name Nelly, is an American rapper, singer, and actor. He grew up in St. Louis, Missouri, and embarked on his musical career in 1993 as a member of the Midwest hip hop g ...
's video for his song " Tip Drill" came under particular criticism for its depiction and
sexual objectification Sexual objectification is the act of treating a person solely as an object of sexual desire (a sex object). Objectification more broadly means treating a person as a commodity or an object without regard to their personality or dignity. Obje ...
of women. While some pointed out that the women who appeared in Nelly's video voluntarily chose to participate, others insisted that male rappers continue to sexually objectify hip hop models. In 2005, former video vixen
Karrine Steffans Karrine Steffans (born August 24, 1978), also known as Elisabeth Ovesen, is an American author, most notably of the ''Vixen'' series of books. She has worked as an actress and as a video vixen, having appeared in more than 20 music videos. In 20 ...
released her best-selling memoir '' Confessions of a Video Vixen'', in which she depicts the degradation of women in the world of hip hop. Steffans shared her personal experience as a vixen, highlighting its intense culture. Other more prominent video vixens disagree with her account, explaining that her experience does not reflect the realities for many successful video vixens. Some video vixens report glamorous experiences in return for their work, who were somethings paid comparably to other famous artists. Another video vixen, Candace Smith, said in an '' XXL'' interview, "What I've seen on ip hop music videosets is complete degradation."


Impact on Black community

Video vixens often depict Black women in roles of exaggerated sexuality, submissiveness, or aggression, aligning with historical stereotypes deeply rooted in societal prejudices. These misrepresentations may create a flat and limited view of black femininity. They may also set unrealistic beauty ideals and narrow standards. The influence of video vixens on the Black community extends beyond the entertainment industry, impacting how women are perceived in society. By consistently showcasing black women in these narrowly defined roles, music videos often perpetuate the objectification of black women, impacting societal perceptions and perpetuating misconceptions about their character, worth, and agency. This idea also correlates with Nicole Heller's explanation of
objectification In social philosophy, objectification is the act of treating a person as an object or a thing. Sexual objectification, the act of treating a person as a mere object of sexual desire, is a subset of objectification, as is self-objectification, th ...
and
one-dimensional A one-dimensional space (1D space) is a mathematical space in which location can be specified with a single coordinate. An example is the number line, each point of which is described by a single real number. Any straight line or smooth curv ...
womanhood. These theories define the portrayal of black women in hip-hop as it aims to separate the female body from her personality in order to focus on her body. Prominent examples of this include Nelly swiping a card through the rear end of a vixen in his Tip Drill music video. The video vixen is criticized for having a negative effect on women, as they are believed to set unrealistic beauty standards, and could have created the need to change themselves in order to fit said standards.


Female rappers as video vixens

Women or female rappers such as
Lil' Kim Kimberly Denise Jones (born July 11, 1974), Those giving 1974 include: * * * * * better known by her stage name Lil' Kim, is an American rapper. She was born and raised in New York City and lived much of her adolescent life on the streets after ...
and
Trina Katrina Laverne Kearse (née Taylor; born December 3, 1974), is an American rapper. She rose to prominence in the late 1990s for her collaborations with Trick Daddy on the singles " Nann Nigga", " Shut Up", and " Take It to da House". In 2000, ...
have been criticized by T. Denean Sharpley-Whiting who called them a "peculiar place of cultural antipathy". Female rappers who have shown themselves off as "video vixens" include
Nicki Minaj Onika Tanya Maraj-Petty (born December 8, 1982), known professionally as Nicki Minaj ( ), is a Trinidadian rapper, singer, and songwriter. Regarded as the "Queen of Rap" and one of the most influential rappers of all time, she is noted for her ...
,
Trina Katrina Laverne Kearse (née Taylor; born December 3, 1974), is an American rapper. She rose to prominence in the late 1990s for her collaborations with Trick Daddy on the singles " Nann Nigga", " Shut Up", and " Take It to da House". In 2000, ...
,
Eve Eve is a figure in the Book of Genesis in the Hebrew Bible. According to the origin story, "Creation myths are symbolic stories describing how the universe and its inhabitants came to be. Creation myths develop through oral traditions and there ...
,
Rasheeda Rasheeda Widad Buckner-Frost (often stylized as RaSheeda) is an American businesswoman, rapper, and television personality. Music career Music beginnings Rasheeda moved to Atlanta at 14, and she started her music career as a member of the femal ...
, Foxy Brown,
Remy Ma Reminisce Kioni Mackie ( Smith; born May 30, 1980), known professionally as Remy Ma, is an American rapper and songwriter. Discovered by the late rapper Big Pun, she came to prominence for her work as a member of Fat Joe's group, Terror Squad ...
,
Da Brat Shawntae Harris-Dupart (née Harris; born April 14, 1974), better known by her stage name Da Brat, is an American rapper. Born and raised in Chicago, she began her career in 1992 and signed with Jermaine Dupri's So So Def Recordings two years l ...
,
Jacki-O Angela Faye Kohn (born November 24, 1973), better known as Jacki-O, is an United States, American rapper who is signed to her own label Jack Movement Entertainment. She got her first break in 2003 with the bawdy sex rap "Nookie" which garnered ...
,
Shawnna Rashawnna Guy (born January 3, 1978), better known by her stage name Shawnna, is an American rapper and singer from Chicago, Illinois. She is best known for her guest appearances on Ludacris' 2000 single " What's Your Fantasy", as well as his 2 ...
,
Gangsta Boo Lola Chantrelle Mitchell (August 7, 1979 – January 1, 2023), better known as Gangsta Boo, was an American rapper. She rose to prominence as a member of Three 6 Mafia, which she joined at the age of 14; after releasing six albums, she left th ...
, LoLa Monroe,
Diamond Diamond is a Allotropes of carbon, solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. Diamond is tasteless, odourless, strong, brittle solid, colourless in pure form, a poor conductor of e ...
from the hip-hop group
Crime Mob Crime Mob is an American hip hop group from Atlanta consisting of six members: M.I.G., Cyco Black, Princess, Lil' Jay, Diamond, and Killa C. The group is best known for their songs " Knuck If You Buck" and " Rock Yo Hips". After an arrest in 200 ...
, and many others. Some argue that these artists are empowered by their sexuality and reclaim their own individuality and self. For instance, Minaj is outspoken when it comes to empowering herself and other women and uses her body with the intent of overcoming male expression of female sexuality, using the catchphrase "it's Barbie, bitch!" to assert herself. Nicki Minaj's
Anaconda Anacondas or water boas are a group of large boas of the genus ''Eunectes''. They are a semiaquatic group of snakes found in tropical South America. Three to five extant and one extinct species are currently recognized, including one of the l ...
music video is an example of female artists reclaiming their sexuality and power, while sampling
Sir Mix-A-Lot Anthony L. Ray (born August 12, 1963), better known by his stage name Sir Mix-a-Lot or his CB handle Prime Minista, is an American rapper. He is best known for his 1992 hit song " Baby Got Back", which peaked at number one on the ''Billboard'' ...
's "
Baby Got Back "Baby Got Back" is a song written, co-produced and recorded by American rapper Sir Mix-a-Lot. Released in May 1992 by Def American and Reprise as the second single from his third album, '' Mack Daddy'' (1992), the song samples the 1986 Detroi ...
" and rapping over it with more empowered verses on femininity than the original. Other artists such as
Cardi B Belcalis Marlenis Cephus (; born October 11, 1992), known professionally as Cardi B, is an American rapper. Noted for her unfiltered public image and lyrics, Cardi B is one of the most successful female rappers. From 2015 to early 2017, she ga ...
,
Missy Elliott Melissa Arnette "Missy" Elliott (born July 1, 1971), also known as Misdemeanor, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. She began her musical career as a member of the Contemporary R&B, R&B girl group 4 All the Sistas Arou ...
,
Lauryn Hill Lauryn Noelle Hill (born May 26, 1975) is an American musician. She is celebrated as one of the most influential musical artists of her generation. Hill is credited with breaking barriers for female rappers, contributing to the popular music, m ...
,
Erykah Badu Erica Abi Wright (born February 26, 1971), known professionally as Erykah Badu, is an American singer and songwriter. Influenced by rhythm and blues, R&B, Soul music, soul, and hip hop, Badu rose to prominence in the late 1990s when her debut al ...
and
Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens (born March 18, 1970), known professionally by her stage name Queen Latifah, is an American rapper, singer, and actress. She has received various accolades, including a Grammy Award, a Primetime Emmy Award, a Golden Globe ...
also have work that subverts the video vixen stereotype.


Notable video vixens

*
Melyssa Ford Melyssa Savannah Ford (born November 7, 1976) is a Canadian media personality, actress, and former video vixen. Since 2022, she has co-hosted ''The Joe Budden Podcast'' alongside broadcaster and former rapper Joe Budden. Early life Melyssa Savan ...
* Esther Baxter *
Karrine Steffans Karrine Steffans (born August 24, 1978), also known as Elisabeth Ovesen, is an American author, most notably of the ''Vixen'' series of books. She has worked as an actress and as a video vixen, having appeared in more than 20 music videos. In 20 ...
*
Tawny Kitaen Julie Ellen "Tawny" Kitaen ( ; August 5, 1961 – May 7, 2021) was an American actress. She began her career as a television actress, appearing in the television films '' Malibu'' (1983) and '' California Girls'' (1985). She also starred in the ...
* LoLa Monroe * K.D. Aubert *
Amber Rose Amber Rose Levonchuck (born October 21, 1983) is an American model and television personality. She gained attention after she starred in the music video for Young Jeezy's 2008 single " Put On", which featured Kanye West. She began a romantic re ...
*
Elise Neal Elise Demetria Neal (born March 14, 1966) is an American actress known for her work in television and film. She rose to prominence in 1997 with roles in ''Rosewood'', '' Money Talks'', and ''Scream 2''. She later starred as Yvonne Hughley in th ...
* Alexa Demie


See also

* Misogyny in hip hop culture *
Mami (hip hop) In hip hop music, the term ''mami'' refers to an attractive Latina woman, typically of Puerto Rican or Dominican descent. There is also the emergence of the ''mami'' video vixen, who is the glamorized, hyper-sexualized version of an attractive ...
* Sexuality in music videos *
Stereotypes of African Americans Stereotypes of African Americans are misleading beliefs about the African-American culture, culture of people with partial or total ancestry from any Black people, black racial groups of Africa whose ancestors resided in the United States sin ...
*
Empowerment Empowerment is the degree of autonomy and self-determination in people and in communities. This enables them to represent their interests in a responsible and self-determined way, acting on their own authority. It is the process of becoming strong ...
*
Women's empowerment Women's empowerment (or female empowerment) may be defined in several method, including accepting women's viewpoints, making an effort to seek them and raising the status of women through education, awareness, literacy, equal status in society, ...
*
Hip Hop Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hip- ...
* Black women in the American music industry *
List of models in music videos This is a list of Model (person), models who have appeared in music videos of different singers and musical groups. Overview Models have appeared in music videos since no later than the 1970s; preceding the beginning of the MTV era, in 1981. ...
*
Intersectionality Intersectionality is an analytical framework for understanding how groups' and individuals' social and political identities result in unique combinations of discrimination and privilege. Examples of these intersecting and overlapping factor ...
* Stereotypes of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States#Stereotypes of Hispanic and Latina women


References


Further reading

*Thompson, Bonsu and Huang, Howard (August 4, 2004)
"Eye Candy Hall of Fame"
''XXL Magazine''. New York:
Harris Publications Harris Publications Inc. was an American special interest media company, operating over 75 brands with print, digital, mobile and live-event platforms prior to its sale to Athlon Media in 2016. It produced magazines that educate, entertain and ...
. Retrieved on February 11, 2006.


External links

* {{African American caricatures and stereotypes Modeling (profession) History of hip-hop African-American gender relations Criticism of hip-hop Stereotypes of black women Stereotypes of Hispanic and Latino Americans