Hinghwa Romanized, also known as Hing-hua̍ báⁿ-uā-ci̍ (興化平話字) or Báⁿ-uā-ci̍ (平話字), is a

Latin alphabet The Latin alphabet, also known as the Roman alphabet, is the collection of letters originally used by the Ancient Rome, ancient Romans to write the Latin language. Largely unaltered except several letters splitting—i.e. from , and from � ...

of the Putian dialect of Pu-Xian Min language. It was invented by

William N. Brewster William Nesbitt Brewster () (December 5, 1862 – November 22, 1916) was an American Protestant Christian missionary to China. Brewster spent 26 years in China (1890–1916) and translated the New Testament into the Puxian Min, Hinghua language by ...

(蒲魯士), an American Methodist pioneer missionary in Hinghwa (modern

Putian Putian ( zh, s= , Putian dialect: ''Pó-chéng''), also known as Puyang (莆阳) and Puxian (莆仙), historically known as Hinghwa/Hinghua ( zh, s=兴化, t=興化), is a prefecture-level city in Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. I ...

) in 1890.

Writing system

Alphabet

Hinghwa Romanized has 23 letters: .

Finals

Tone

Example text

Tai̍-che̤ ū Dō̤, Dō̤ gah Siō̤ng-Da̤̍ dó̤ng-cāi, Dō̤ cuh sī Siō̤ng-Da̤̍. Ca̤̍ Dō̤ ta̍i-che̤ gah Sio̤ng-Da̤̍ dó̤ng-cāi. Māng-beo̍h sī ciā da̤u̍h I cho̤̍ ē; hang pī cho̤̍, beo̍ seo̍h-ā̤uⁿ ng-sī ciā da̤u̍h I cho̤̍ ē. 太初有道，道佮上帝同在，道就是上帝。這道太初佮上帝同在。萬物是借著伊造兮，含被造兮，無一樣呣是借著伊造兮。 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by him; and without him was not any thing made that was made. (John 1:1-3 KJV)

Compared with Pe̍h-ōe-jī and Foochow Romanized

{, class="wikitable" , - , Tone , 陰平 Ing-báⁿ , 陰上 Ing-siō̤ng , 陰去 Ing-kṳ̍ , 陰入 Ing-ci̍h , 陽平 Ió̤ng-báⁿ , 陽去 Ió̤ng-kṳ̍ , 陽入 Ió̤ng-ci̍h , - , Hinghwa Romanized , a , â , a̍ , ah , á , ā , a̍h , - ,

Pe̍h-ōe-jī ( ; , , ; POJ), also known as Church Romanization, is an orthography used to write variants of Hokkien Southern Min, particularly Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese and Amoy dialect, Amoy Hokkien, and it is widely employed as one of the writing syst ...

, a , á , à , ah , â , ā , a̍h

References

*刘福铸：兴化话罗马字研究 *高德矞：兴化话与罗马字

External links

Chinese Character to Puxian Min (Hinghwa) TransliteratorThe Holy Bible, containing the Old and New Testaments in Hinghwa dialect, romanized
Pu-Xian Min Latin-script orthographies Romanization of Chinese 1890 introductions