Hine-no-shō
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The , also known as Hine-no-shō, was a vast ''
shōen A was a field or Manorialism, manor in Japan. The Japanese language, Japanese term comes from the Tang dynasty Chinese language, Chinese term "莊園" (Mandarin: ''zhuāngyuán'', Cantonese: ''zong1 jyun4''). Shōen, from about the 8th to th ...
'', or landed estate which existed in
Izumi Province :''The characters ''泉州'' are also used for the name of the Chinese city of Quanzhou''. was a Provinces of Japan, province of Japan in the area of southern Osaka Prefecture. It bordered on Kii Province, Kii to the south, Yamato Province, Ya ...
(present-day city of
Izumisano Izumisano (, , ) is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 99,008 in 49,638 households and a population density of 1800 persons per km2. The total area of the city is . Geography Izumisano is located ...
,
Osaka Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. Osaka Prefecture has a population of 8,778,035 () and has a geographic area of . Osaka Prefecture borders Hyōgo Prefecture to the northwest, Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Nara ...
) from the
Kamakura period The is a period of History of Japan, Japanese history that marks the governance by the Kamakura shogunate, officially established in 1192 in Kamakura, Kanagawa, Kamakura by the first ''shōgun'' Minamoto no Yoritomo after the conclusion of the G ...
into the
Sengoku period The was the period in History of Japan, Japanese history in which civil wars and social upheavals took place almost continuously in the 15th and 16th centuries. The Kyōtoku incident (1454), Ōnin War (1467), or (1493) are generally chosen as th ...
. In the year 1988, 14 sites connected with the Hine-no-shō forming a historical landscape were collectively designated a National Historic Site of Japan.This designation was expanded in 2005 with the addition of the ruins of Chōfuku-ji temple and again in 2013 with the addition of Tsuchimaru and Ameyama Castles. It is also a site designated under
Japan Heritage is a programme sponsored by the Japanese Agency for Cultural Affairs, aimed at valorization by local governments and other bodies, that sees individual Cultural Property (Japan), Cultural Properties across different categories as well as other n ...
.


Overview

The area of Hine-no-shō was undeveloped land upon which
Mount Kōya is a large temple settlement in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan to the south of Osaka. In the strictest sense, ''Mount Kōya'' is the mountain name ( sangō) of Kongōbu-ji Temple, the ecclesiastical headquarters of the Kōyasan sect of Shingon Bu ...
twice (in 1205 and again in 1222) applied for permission to develop into an autonomous tax-free ''shōen'', but even after permission was granted, the temple was unable to fulfill plans to develop the land. In 1234, the
aristocrat The aristocracy (''from Greek'' ''ἀριστοκρατία'' ''aristokratía'', "rule of the best"; ''Latin: aristocratia'') is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the ...
Kujō Michiie Kujō Michiie (九条 道家) (28 July 1193 — 1 April 1252) was a Japanese regent in the 13th century. He was the father of Kujō Yoritsune and grandson of Kujō Kanezane (also known as Fujiwara no Kanezane). He was the father of Norizane an ...
applied to take over the territory, which extended from the coastal area near
Osaka Bay Osaka Bay (大阪湾 ''Ōsaka-wan'' ) is a bay in western Japan. As an eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea, it is separated from the Pacific Ocean by the Kii Channel and from the neighbor western part of the Inland Sea by the Akashi Strait. I ...
to the foothills of the Izumi Mountains. The
Kujō family is a Japanese aristocratic kin group. Papinot, Jacques Edmond Joseph. (1906). ''Dictionnaire d’histoire et de géographie du Japon''; Papinot, (2003)"Konoe," ''Nobiliare du Japon'', p. 24 retrieved 2013-8-13. The family is a branch of Hokke a ...
already controlled many ''shōen'' which were existing estates which had been received through donation in order to attain tax-free status; however, this was a unique case where the Kujō family developed a new ''shōen''. Initially, the estate extended over the four villages of Iriyamada, Hineno, Ihara, and Tsuruhara, but in the
Muromachi period The , also known as the , is a division of Japanese history running from approximately 1336 to 1573. The period marks the governance of the Muromachi or Ashikaga shogunate ( or ), which was officially established in 1338 by the first Muromachi ...
. the ''
shugo , commonly translated as ' ilitarygovernor', 'protector', or 'constable', was a title given to certain officials in feudal Japan. They were each appointed by the shogun to oversee one or more of the provinces of Japan. The position gave way to th ...
'' of Izumi Province, the
Hosokawa clan The is a Japanese samurai kin group or Japanese clan, clan. The clan descends from the Seiwa Genji, a branch of the Minamoto clan, and ultimately from Emperor Seiwa, through the Ashikaga clan. It produced many prominent officials in the Ashikaga ...
seized Ihara and Tsuruhara. The remaining two villages correspond to the modern Oki, Tsuchimaru, and Hineno neighborhoods of Izumisano and extend into the neighboring town of Kumatori.
Kujō Masamoto , son of regent Mitsuie, was a ''kugyō'' or Japanese court noble of the Muromachi period (1336–1573). He held a regent position kampaku from 1476 to 1479. Kujō Hisatsune was his son. Masamoto-kō Tabihikitsuke In 1501, Kujō Masamoto left Kyo ...
, who was '' kampaku'' from 1476 to 1479 lived on the ''shōen'' from March 1501 to December 1504, leaving behind a detailed record of shrines, temples, irrigation ponds and the
Hügelland ''Hügelland'' () is a type of landscape consisting of low rolling hills (geology), rolling hills whose topography or surface structure lies between that of a lowland region (plains or river terraces) and that of a more rugged hill range or low mo ...
landscape which form the basis of the National Historic Site Designation. During the
Nanboku-chō period The , also known as the Northern and Southern Courts period, was a period in Japanese history between 1336-1392 CE, during the formative years of the Ashikaga shogunate, Muromachi (Ashikaga) shogunate. Ideologically, the two courts fought for 50 ...
, control of the Kujō family was weakened due to constant wars and the depredations of the ''samurai'', and by the middle of the 16th century, the estate came under the control of
Negoro-ji is a Buddhist temple located in the city of Iwade, Wakayama Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. Surrounded by the sacred peaks of the Katsuragi Mountains, the temple grounds were designated as a National Historic Site and a National Pla ...
temple.


List of designated sites of the Hine shōen

:


See also

*
List of Historic Sites of Japan (Osaka) This list is of the Historic Sites of Japan located within the Prefectures of Japan, Urban Prefecture of Ōsaka. National Historic Sites As of 17 June 2022, seventy-one Sites have been Cultural Properties of Japan, designated as being of nationa ...


References


External links


Izumisano City official site

Japan Heritage official site
{{in lang, ja Izumisano History of Osaka Prefecture Historic Sites of Japan Kujō family