Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) is an Indian

public sector undertaking Public Sector Undertakings (PSU) in India are State-owned enterprise, government-owned entities in which at least 51% of stake is under the ownership of the Government of India or State governments of India, state governments. These types of f ...

petroleum Petroleum, also known as crude oil or simply oil, is a naturally occurring, yellowish-black liquid chemical mixture found in geological formations, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons. The term ''petroleum'' refers both to naturally occurring un ...

and

natural gas Natural gas (also fossil gas, methane gas, and gas) is a naturally occurring compound of gaseous hydrocarbons, primarily methane (95%), small amounts of higher alkanes, and traces of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and helium ...

industry, headquartered in

Mumbai Mumbai ( ; ), also known as Bombay ( ; its official name until 1995), is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. Mumbai is the financial capital and the most populous city proper of India with an estimated population of 12 ...

. It is a

subsidiary A subsidiary, subsidiary company, or daughter company is a company (law), company completely or partially owned or controlled by another company, called the parent company or holding company, which has legal and financial control over the subsidia ...

of the

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation The Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) is an Indian central public sector undertaking which is the largest government-owned oil and gas explorer and producer in the country. It accounts for around 70 percent of India's domestic pro ...

(ONGC), which is owned by the

Government of India The Government of India (ISO 15919, ISO: Bhārata Sarakāra, legally the Union Government or Union of India or the Central Government) is the national authority of the Republic of India, located in South Asia, consisting of States and union t ...

and under the administration of

Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MOP&NG) is a List of Indian agencies, ministry of the Government of India responsible for the exploration, production, refining, distribution, marketing, import, export, and conservation of petroleum, ...

. Since 2018, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation has owned majority of its stake. It is ranked 367th on the ''

Fortune Global 500 The ''Fortune'' Global 500, also known as Global 500, is an annual ranking of the top 500 corporations worldwide as measured by revenue. The list is compiled and published annually by '' Fortune'' magazine. Methodology Until 1989, it listed o ...

'' list of the world's biggest corporations as of 2016. On 24 October 2019, it became a

Maharatna Public Sector Undertakings (PSU) in India are government-owned entities in which at least 51% of stake is under the ownership of the Government of India or state governments. These types of firms can also be a joint venture of multiple PSUs. ...

(PSU).

History

HPCL was incorporated on 5 July 1952 as Standard Vacuum Refining Company of India Limited. In 1974, it changed its name after the takeover and merger of erstwhile Esso Standard and Lube India Limited by th
Esso (Acquisition of Undertakings in India) Act 1974
Caltex Oil Refining (India) Ltd. (CORIL) was taken over by the Government of India in 1976 and merged with HPCL in 1978 by th
CORIL-HPCL Amalgamation Order 1978
Kosan Gas Company was merged with HPCL in 1979 by th
Kosangas Company Acquisition Act 1979
In 2003, following a petition by the

Centre for Public Interest Litigation The Centre for Public Interest Litigation (CPIL) is an Indian non-governmental organisation that conducts litigation on matters of public interest. The CPIL was established by late Justice V. M. Tarkunde, a former judge of the Supreme Court of In ...

(CPIL), the

Supreme Court of India The Supreme Court of India is the supreme judiciary of India, judicial authority and the supreme court, highest court of the Republic of India. It is the final Appellate court, court of appeal for all civil and criminal cases in India. It also ...

restrained the central government from privatizing Hindustan Petroleum and

Bharat Petroleum Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited is an Indian public sector oil and gas company, headquartered in Mumbai. It is India's second-largest government-owned downstream oil producer, whose operations are overseen by the Ministry of Petroleum and ...

without the approval of Parliament. As counsel for the CPIL,

Rajinder Sachar Rajindar Sachar (22 December 1923 – 20 April 2018) was an Indian lawyer and a former Chief Justice of the Delhi High Court. He was a member of United Nations Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights and also served as a c ...

and

Prashant Bhushan Prashant Bhushan (born 15 October 1956) is an Indian author and a public interest lawyer in the Supreme Court of India. He was a member of the faction of the India Against Corruption (IAC) movement known as Team Anna which supported Anna Ha ...

said that the only way to disinvest in the companies would be to repeal or amend the Acts by which they were nationalized in the 1970s. As a result, the government would need a majority in both houses to push through any

privatization Privatization (rendered privatisation in British English) can mean several different things, most commonly referring to moving something from the public sector into the private sector. It is also sometimes used as a synonym for deregulation w ...

. On 19 July 2017, the

announced the acquisition of HPCL by the

(ONGC). On 1 November 2017, the Union Cabinet approved ONGC for acquiring a majority 51.11% stake in HPCL. On 30 January 2018, ONGC acquired 51.11% stake, thus gaining majority ownership.

Operations

Hindustan_Petroleum_Fueling_Station_Kapsi

HPCL wholly owns two major refineries in India: one in

(west coast) with a capacity of 9.5 million

ton Ton is any of several units of measure of mass, volume or force. It has a long history and has acquired several meanings and uses. As a unit of mass, ''ton'' can mean: * the '' long ton'', which is * the ''tonne'', also called the ''metric ...

s per year, and one in

Visakhapatnam Visakhapatnam (; List of renamed places in India, formerly known as Vizagapatam, and also referred to as Vizag, Visakha, and Waltair) is the largest and most populous metropolitan city in the States and union territories of India, Indian stat ...

(east coast) with a capacity of 13.7 million tons per year. In addition, HPCL holds an equity stake of 16.95% in

Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited (MRPL), is a division of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) which is under the ownership of the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas of the Government of India. Established in 1988, the refin ...

, a company that runs a refinery in

Mangalore Mangaluru (), formerly called Mangalore ( ), is a major industrial port city in the Indian state of Karnataka and on the west coast of India. It is located between the Laccadive Sea and the Western Ghats about west of Bengaluru, the st ...

with a capacity over 9 million tons per year. HMEL, a joint venture between HPCL and Mittal Energy Investments Pte. Ltd, operates another refinery of 11.3 million tons per year in

Bathinda Bathinda is a city and municipal corporation in Punjab, India. The city is the administrative headquarters of Bathinda district. It is located in northwestern India in the Malwa Region, west of the capital city of Chandigarh and is the fifth ...

Punjab Punjab (; ; also romanised as Panjāb or Panj-Āb) is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia. It is located in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of modern-day eastern Pakistan and no ...

. HPCL has signed a memorandum of understanding with the Government of

Rajasthan Rajasthan (; Literal translation, lit. 'Land of Kings') is a States and union territories of India, state in northwestern India. It covers or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area. It is the List of states and union territories of ...

for constructing a

refinery A refinery is a production facility composed of a group of chemical engineering unit processes and unit operations refining certain materials or converting raw material into products of value. Types of refineries Different types of refineries ...

near Barmer; it would be operated under a

joint venture A joint venture (JV) is a business entity created by two or more parties, generally characterized by shared ownership, shared returns and risks, and shared governance. Companies typically pursue joint ventures for one of four reasons: to acce ...

company called HPCL Rajasthan Refinery Limited (Popularly known as HRRL). HPCL also owns and operates the largest

lubricant A lubricant (sometimes shortened to lube) is a substance that helps to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which ultimately reduces the heat generated when the surfaces move. It may also have the function of transmitting forces, ...

refinery in India, with a capacity of 335,000 metric tons, producing lube base oils. This refinery accounts for over 40% of India's total lube base oil production. HPCL produces over 300 grades of lubes, specialties, and greases. The marketing network of HPCL consists of 19 zonal offices in major cities and 145 regional offices facilitated by a supply and distribution infrastructure comprising terminals, aviation service facilities,

liquefied petroleum gas Liquefied petroleum gas, also referred to as liquid petroleum gas (LPG or LP gas), is a fuel gas which contains a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases, specifically propane, Butane, ''n''-butane and isobutane. It can also contain some ...

bottling plants and distributors, lube filling plants and distributors, inland relay depots, and retail outlets (petrol pumps). HPCL has a

information technology Information technology (IT) is a set of related fields within information and communications technology (ICT), that encompass computer systems, software, programming languages, data processing, data and information processing, and storage. Inf ...

infrastructure to support its core business. The

data center A data center is a building, a dedicated space within a building, or a group of buildings used to house computer systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems. Since IT operations are crucial for busines ...

is at

HITEC City The Hyderabad Information Technology and Engineering Consultancy City (HITEC City) is an Indian business district, financial business district located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. HITEC City is spread across of land under the suburbs of Ma ...

Hyderabad Hyderabad is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana. It occupies on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River (India), Musi River, in the northern part of Southern India. With an average altitude of , much ...

Facilities

HPCL operates refineries in India, including: * Mumbai Refinery: 9.8

million 1,000,000 (one million), or one thousand thousand, is the natural number following 999,999 and preceding 1,000,001. The word is derived from the early Italian ''millione'' (''milione'' in modern Italian), from ''mille'', "thousand", plus the ...

metric Metric or metrical may refer to: Measuring * Metric system, an internationally adopted decimal system of measurement * An adjective indicating relation to measurement in general, or a noun describing a specific type of measurement Mathematics ...

s capacity (fuel and lubes) * Visakhapatnam Refinery: 8.3

s capacity (fuel) * Mangalore Refinery: 9.69

s capacity (HPCL has a 16.65% stake) *

Guru Gobind Singh Refinery Guru Gobind Singh Refinery (GGSR) is a joint venture refinery owned by HMEL, a joint venture between HPCL and Mittal Energy Investment Pte Ltd, owned by Laxmi Mittal. It is the tenth largest refinery in India. The work for refinery started i ...

(

): 9

s capacity (HPCL and Mittal Energy each have a 49% stake) * Barmer Refinery: planned for a 9

s capacity (HPCL has a 74%,

Government of Rajasthan The Government of Rajasthan is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Rajasthan and its districts of Rajasthan, 41 districts. It consists of an executive branch, led by the governor of Rajasthan, as well as judiciary and legis ...

has a 24% stake) In addition, HPCL operates other manufacturing facilities, including: * Silvassa Lube: an automated installation and plant for grease and specialties * Lube & Grease manufacturing facility (

Mazagaon Mazagaon, also spelled Mazgaon and Mazagon (Portuguese era Mazagão), and pronounced by the Christian Bombay East Indians as 'Mazgon' or 'Maz-a-gon' and Marathi-speakers as Mazhgav. It was one of the seven islands of Bombay. It is now a part ...

, Mumbai) * LPG storage Cavern: a storage facility of LPG at Vizag—SALPG * Pipelines: MPSPL, MDPL, VVSPL, MHMSPL, RKPL, ASPL, RBPL * Several terminals and depots * Many liquified petroleum gas bottling plants * HPCL Green R&D Centre (

Bangalore Bengaluru, also known as Bangalore (List of renamed places in India#Karnataka, its official name until 1 November 2014), is the Capital city, capital and largest city of the southern States and union territories of India, Indian state of Kar ...

)

Products

HPCL produces a wide variety of petroleum fuels and specialties: *

Petrol Gasoline (North American English) or petrol ( Commonwealth English) is a petrochemical product characterized as a transparent, yellowish, and flammable liquid normally used as a fuel for spark-ignited internal combustion engines. When formul ...

(known as "motor spirit" in the oil industry) – HPCL markets its petrol at its retail pumps all over India. Its principal consumers are personal vehicle owners. *

Diesel Diesel may refer to: * Diesel engine, an internal combustion engine where ignition is caused by compression * Diesel fuel, a liquid fuel used in diesel engines * Diesel locomotive, a railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engine ...

(known as "high-speed diesel" in the oil industry) – HPCL markets its diesel at its retail pumps, terminals, and depots. Its consumers include personal vehicle owners, transport agencies, and industries. *

Lubricants A lubricant (sometimes shortened to lube) is a substance that helps to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which ultimately reduces the heat generated when the surfaces move. It may also have the function of transmitting forces ...

– HPCL is the market leader in lubricants and associated products. It commands over 30% of the market share in this sector. The popular brands of HP lubes are Laal Ghoda, HP Milcy, Thanda Raja, Koolgard, and Racer4. *

Liquefied petroleum gas Liquefied petroleum gas, also referred to as liquid petroleum gas (LPG or LP gas), is a fuel gas which contains a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases, specifically propane, Butane, ''n''-butane and isobutane. It can also contain some ...

– HPCL's brand of liquified petroleum gas is popular across India for domestic and industrial uses. *

Aviation fuel Aviation fuels are either petroleum-based or blends of petroleum and synthetic fuels, used to power aircraft. They have more stringent requirements than fuels used for ground applications, such as heating and road transport, and they contain add ...

http://www.hpaviation.in HP Aviation – With major air service facilities in all major airports of India, HPCL is a key player in this sector, supplying turbine fuel to major airlines. It also supplies fuel to the US. *

Emulsion An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally Miscibility, immiscible (unmixable or unblendable) owing to liquid-liquid phase separation. Emulsions are part of a more general class of two-phase systems of matter called colloi ...

s – HPCL manufactures

White spirit White spirit (AU, UK and Ireland)Primarily in the United Kingdom and Australia. In New Zealand "white spirit" can also refer to Coleman fuel (white gas). or mineral spirits (US, Canada), also known as mineral turpentine (AU/NZ/ZA), turpentine sub ...

oil. HPCL also offers HP Drive Track Plus cards for consumers purchasing their products, and provides cashback as per the government cashback offers.

International rankings

* HPCL is a ''Fortune'' Global 500 company and was ranked at position 259 in 2013. In 2016, HPCL was ranked 367. * HPCL was featured on the ''Forbes'' Global 2000 list for 2013 at position 1217. * HPCL was the 10th most valuable brand in India according to an annual survey conducted by Brand Finance and ''

The Economic Times ''The Economic Times'' is an Indian English-language business-focused daily newspaper. Owned by The Times Group, ''The Economic Times'' began publication in 1961 and it is sold in all major cities in India. As of 2012, it is the world's secon ...

'' in 2010.

Major ongoing projects

* Uran–Chakan– Shikrapur LPG Pipeline (UCSPL) *

Vijayawada Vijayawada ( ), formerly known by its colonial name Bezawada, is the second largest city and a major commercial hub in the Andhra Pradesh state of India. The city forms an integral part of the Andhra Pradesh Capital Region and is situated on th ...

–Dharmapuri Pipeline (VDPL) * Palanpur Vadodara Pipeline (PVPL) * Visakhapatnam Refinery Modernization Project * Barmer Refinery RAJASTHAN * Mumbai Refinery Expansion Project

Subsidiaries

Hindustan Petroleum Gas HPCL is focused on the appraisal and development of

hydrocarbon In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbons are examples of group 14 hydrides. Hydrocarbons are generally colourless and Hydrophobe, hydrophobic; their odor is usually fain ...

accumulations in onshore and offshore projects. Operating projects include the Hirapur Marginal

oil fields A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presen ...

of the

Cambay Khambhat state or Cambay state was a princely state in India during the British Raj. The city of Khambhat in present-day Gujarat was its capital. The state was bounded in the north by the Kaira district (Kheda district, Kheda) and in the sout ...

basin (near

Gandhinagar Gandhinagar () is the capital of the state of Gujarat in India. Gandhinagar is located approximately 23 km north of Ahmedabad, on the west central point of the industrial corridor between the megacities of Delhi and Mumbai. Gandhinagar ...

, Gujarat) under a service contract with ONGC, and the pre-NELP production sharing contract for the Sanganpur field (

Mehsana Mehsana (), also spelled Mahesana, is a city and the headquarters of Mehsana district in the Indian state of Gujarat. Established in 14th century, the city was under Gaekwad dynasty, Gaekwads of Baroda State from 18th century to the independen ...

) with M/s Hydrocarbon Development Company (P) Ltd. * HPCL Biofuels Limited * CREDA-HPCL Biofuels Limited * HPCL Rajasthan Refinery Limited (HRRL) * HP Gas (domestic and industrial natural gas)

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Hindustan Petroleum 1974 establishments in Maharashtra Companies based in Mumbai Companies nationalised by the Government of India Government-owned companies of India Indian brands Non-renewable resource companies established in 1974 Oil and gas companies of India Oil and Natural Gas Corporation

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange