High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is an enhanced form of

thin-layer chromatography Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique used to separate non-volatile mixtures. Thin-layer chromatography is performed on a sheet of an inert substrate such as glass, plastic, or aluminium foil, which is coated with a t ...

(TLC). A number of enhancements can be made to the basic method of thin-layer chromatography to automate the different steps, to increase the resolution achieved, and to allow more accurate quantitative measurements. Automation is useful to overcome the uncertainty in droplet size and position when the sample is applied to the TLC plate by hand. One approach to automation has been the use of

piezoelectric Piezoelectricity (, ) is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials—such as crystals, certain ceramics, and biological matter such as bone, DNA, and various proteins—in response to applied mechanical stress. The word ' ...

devices and

inkjet printers Inkjet printing is a type of computer printing that recreates a digital image by propelling droplets of ink onto paper and plastic substrates. Inkjet printers were the most commonly used type of printer in 2008, and range from small inexpensi ...

for applying the sample. The spot capacity (analogous to peak capacity in

HPLC High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), formerly referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography, is a technique in analytical chemistry used to separate, identify, and quantify each component in a mixture. It relies on pumps to pa ...

) can be increased by developing the plate with two different solvents, using

two-dimensional chromatography Two-dimensional chromatography is a type of chromatographic technique in which the injected sample is separated by passing through two different separation stages. Two different chromatographic columns are connected in sequence, and the effluent fr ...

. The procedure begins with development of sample loaded plate with first solvent. After removing it, the plate is rotated 90° and developed with a second solvent.

Instrumentation

An example of an instrument for HPTLC is from CAMAG, a Switzerland based company. It provides automated sample application (loading), plate development, detection and documentation.

References

;Notes ;Sources * Puri, A., Ahmad, A. and Panda, B. P. (2010), Development of an HPTLC-based diagnostic method for invasive aspergillosis. Biomed. Chromatogr., 24: 887–892. doi: 10.1002/bmc.138

* Ajaz Ahmad, M Mujeeb, Bibhu Prasad Panda (2010) An HPTLC Method for the Simultaneous Analysis of Compactin and Citrinin in Penicillium citrinum Fermentation Broth. Journal of Planar Chromatography-modern TLC 23 (4), 282–28

Bibliography

* F. Geiss (1987): Fundamentals of thin layer chromatography planar chromatography, Heidelberg, Hüthig, * Jork, H., Funk, W., Fischer, W., Wimmer, H. (1990): Thin-Layer Chromatography: Reagents and Detection Methods, Volume 1a, VCH, Weinheim, * Jork, H., Funk, W., Fischer, W., Wimmer, H. (1994): Thin-Layer Chromatography: Reagents and Detection Methods, Volume 1b, VCH, Weinheim * Hahn-Deinstorp, E. (2000): Applied Thin-Layer Chromatography. Best Practice and Avoidance of Mistakes, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, * Spangenberg, B., Poole, C. F., Weins, C. (2011): Quantitative Thin-Layer Chromatography : A Practical Survey, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg * Zlatkis, A., Kaiser, RE. (editors), (1977): HPTLC : high performance thin-layer chromatography, Amsterdam, Elsevier * Reich A., Schibli A. (2006): High Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography for the Analysis of Medicinal Plants, Thieme, New York, Stuttgart, , * Sethi, P. D. (2011): Sethi's HPTLC, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography. Content Uniformity of Pharmaceutical Formulations. Kongposh Publications, New Delhi, * Gupta, A. K., Tandon, N., Sharma, M. (2003–2012): Quality Standards of Indian Medicinal Plants, volume 1–10,ICMR, New Delhi, * Jaiswal, P.K. (2010): High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography in Food Analysis, CBS Publisher & Distributors, New Delhi, * Waksmundzka-Hajnos, M., Sherma, J., Kowalska, T. (2008): Thin Layer Chromatography in Phytochemistry, CRC Press (Taylor & Francis Group), Boca Raton, * Touchstone, J. C. (1985): Techniques and Applications of Thin Layer Chromatography, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, , 9780471880172 * Tandon, N. (2010) Phytochemical Reference Standards of Selected Indian Medicinal Plants, volume 1, ICMR, New Delhi, * Srivastava M. M. (2011) High Performance thin Layer Chromatography, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, * Sethi P. D. (2013), Sethi's HPTLC, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography. Quantitative Analysis of Pharmaceutical Formulations. Volumes 1–3, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, India {{refend Chromatography