Hieronimo Custodis (also spelled Hieronymus, Heironimos) (died c. 1593) was a

Flemish Flemish may refer to: * Flemish, adjective for Flanders, Belgium * Flemish region, one of the three regions of Belgium *Flemish Community, one of the three constitutionally defined language communities of Belgium * Flemish dialects, a Dutch dialec ...

portrait A portrait is a painting, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face is always predominant. In arts, a portrait may be represented as half body and even full body. If the subject in full body better r ...

painter active in England in the reign of

Elizabeth I Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was List of English monarchs, Queen of England and List of Irish monarchs, Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. She was the last and longest reigning monarch of the House of Tudo ...

.Strong 1969, p. 195

Life and work

A native of

Antwerp Antwerp (; ; ) is a City status in Belgium, city and a Municipalities of Belgium, municipality in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is the capital and largest city of Antwerp Province, and the third-largest city in Belgium by area at , after ...

, Custodis was one of many Flemish

artists of the Tudor court The artists of the Tudor court are the Painting, painters and Illuminated manuscript, limners engaged by the monarchs of Kingdom of England, England's Tudor dynasty and their courtiers between 1485 and 1603, from the reign of Henry VII of England ...

who had fled to England to avoid the persecution of

Protestants Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes Justification (theology), justification of sinners Sola fide, through faith alone, the teaching that Salvation in Christianity, salvation comes by unmerited Grace in Christianity, divin ...

in the

Spanish Netherlands The Spanish Netherlands (; ; ; ) (historically in Spanish: , the name "Flanders" was used as a '' pars pro toto'') was the Habsburg Netherlands ruled by the Spanish branch of the Habsburgs from 1556 to 1714. They were a collection of States of t ...

. He is thought to have arrived in England sometime after the fall of Antwerp to the forces of the

Duke of Parma The Duke of Parma and Piacenza () was the ruler of the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza, a List of historic states of Italy, historical state of Northern Italy. It was created by Pope Paul III (Alessandro Farnese) for his son Pier Luigi Farnese, Du ...

in 1585. Three English portraits by Custodis signed and dated 1589 firmly establish him as resident in London by that year. Sir

Roy Strong Sir Roy Colin Strong, (born 23 August 1935) is an English art historian, museum curator, writer, broadcaster and landscape designer. He has served as director of both the National Portrait Gallery and the Victoria and Albert Museum in London. ...

attributes a portrait of Sir Henry Bromley dated 1587 to Custodis, suggesting an earlier arrival, and has verified the recent attribution of a portrait of the young Edward Talbot dated 1586 to Custodis. In 1591, he was living in the parish of St Bodolph-without-Aldgate where "Jacobus the son of Ieronyme Custodis A Paynter" was baptised on 2 March.Hearn 1995, p. 114 He is assumed to have died in 1593, as all of his known works are dated between 1589 and 1593, and his widow remarried that year. Custodis's unsigned but dated works are identified by "palaeographical peculiarities" in the inscriptions which can be closely matched to those in his signed portraits.

Hieronimo Custodis portrait of Elizabeth Brydges later Lady Kennedy aged 14 inscription

Gallery

File:Hieronimo Custodis Edward Talbot Earl of Shrewsbury 1586.jpg, Edward Talbot, later 8th Earl of Shrewsbury, dated 1586 File:Hieronimo Custodis portrait of Giles Brydges 3rd Baron Chandos 1589.jpg, Giles Brydges, 3rd Baron Chandos, signed and dated 1589 File:Sir John Harington by Hieronimo Custodis.jpg, Sir John Harington of Kelston, c. 1590–93Attribution by Roy Strong, 1969. A portrait of Harington's wife, Mary Rogers, in the Tate, formerly attributed to Custodis by Strong, is now attributed to Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger

Portrait of Mary Rogers. File:Sir John Ashburnham by Hieronimo Custodis.jpg, Sir John Ashburnham, 1593

Notes

References

*Hearn, Karen, ed. ''Dynasties: Painting in Tudor and Jacobean England 1530-1630''. New York: Rizzoli, 1995. * Strong, Roy. ''The English Icon: Elizabethan and Jacobean Portraiture'', 1969, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London (Strong 1969) *Strong, Roy. "Elizabethan Painting: An Approach Through Inscriptions. 1: Robert Peake the Elder." ''The Burlington Magazine'' 105 (February 1963): 53–57. Reprinted in Strong 1969. *Weiss Gallery.
Facing the Past: A catalogue of early portraiture 1530–1780
', Weiss Gallery, London.

External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Custodis, Hieronimo People of the Tudor period Expatriates in the Kingdom of England Renaissance painters 1593 deaths Flemish Renaissance painters Year of birth unknown 16th-century Flemish painters Male painters