Hermann Hupfeld (31 March 1796 – 24 April 1866) was a Protestant

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Orientalist and Biblical commentator. He is known for his historical-critical studies of the

Old Testament The Old Testament (OT) is the first division of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible, or Tanakh, a collection of ancient religious Hebrew and occasionally Aramaic writings by the Isr ...

.Hupfeld , Hermann
@ NDB/ADB Deutsche Biographie He was born at

Marburg Marburg (; ) is a college town, university town in the States of Germany, German federal state () of Hesse, capital of the Marburg-Biedenkopf Districts of Germany, district (). The town area spreads along the valley of the river Lahn and has ...

, where he studied

philosophy Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, Value (ethics and social sciences), value, mind, and language. It is a rational an ...

and

theology Theology is the study of religious belief from a Religion, religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity. It is taught as an Discipline (academia), academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itse ...

from 1813 to 1817. In 1819 he became a teacher in the gymnasium at

Hanau Hanau () is a city in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany. It is 25 km east of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main and part of the Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region. Its railway Hanau Hauptbahnhof, station is a ma ...

, but in 1822 resigned that appointment. After studying for some time at Halle, he in 1824 settled as ''

Privatdozent ''Privatdozent'' (for men) or ''Privatdozentin'' (for women), abbreviated PD, P.D. or Priv.-Doz., is an academic title conferred at some European universities, especially in German-speaking countries, to someone who holds certain formal qualifi ...

'' in philosophy at that university, and in the following year was appointed extraordinary professor of theology at

. There he received professorships of theology and Oriental languages in 1825 and 1827 respectively. Sixteen years later he returned to Halle as a successor of

Wilhelm Gesenius Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Gesenius (3 February 178623 October 1842) was a German orientalist, lexicographer, Christian Hebraist, Lutheran theologian, Biblical scholar and critic. Biography Gesenius was born at Nordhausen. In 1803 he bec ...

. In 1865 he was accused by some theologians of the Hengstenberg school of

heretical Heresy is any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, particularly the accepted beliefs or religious law of a religious organization. A heretic is a proponent of heresy. Heresy in Christianity, Judai ...

doctrines. From this charge, however, he successfully cleared himself, the entire theological faculty, including Julius Müller and August Tholuck, bearing testimony to his sufficient

orthodoxy Orthodoxy () is adherence to a purported "correct" or otherwise mainstream- or classically-accepted creed, especially in religion. Orthodoxy within Christianity refers to acceptance of the doctrines defined by various creeds and ecumenical co ...

. He died at Halle on 24 April 1866. His earliest works in the department of Semitic

philology Philology () is the study of language in Oral tradition, oral and writing, written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also de ...

(''Exercitationes Aethiopicae'', 1825, and ''De emendanda ratione lexicographiae Semiticae'', 1827) were followed by the first part (1841), mainly historical and critical, of an ''Ausführliche Hebräische Grammatik'', which he did not live to complete, and by a treatise on the early

history of Hebrew grammar Hebrew grammar is attested from Biblical Hebrew grammar, with reconstructions of pre-Hebrew, and continues with Modern Hebrew grammar. History of studies in Hebrew grammar The Masoretes in the 7th to 11th centuries laid the foundation for gram ...

among the

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s (, Halle, 1846). His principal contribution to Biblical literature, the exegetical and critical ''Die Psalmen. Übersetzt und ausgelegt'', began to appear in 1855, and was completed in 1861 (2nd ed. by E. Riehm, 1867–1871,Google Books
Die Psalmen, übersetzt und ausgelegt 3rd ed. 1888). Other writings are: *''Über Begriff und Methode der sogenannten biblischen Einleitung'' (Marburg, 1844) *''De primitiva et Vera festorum apud Hebraeos ratione'' (Halle, 1851–1864) *''Die Quellen der Genesis von neuem untersucht'' (Berlin, 1853) *''Die heutige theosophische oder mythologische Theologie und Schrifterklärung'' (1861). The main, recent biography, which for the first time includes archival sources, of Hupfeld is * Otto Kaiser: ''Zwischen Reaktion und Revolution: Hermann Hupfeld (1796–1866) – ein deutsches Professorenleben'', Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2005. For older works, see See E. Riehm, ''Hermann Hupfeld'' (Halle, 1867); W. Kay, ''Crisis Hupfeldiana'' (1865); and the article by A. Kamphausen in Band viii of

Herzog (; feminine ; masculine plural ; feminine plural ) is a German hereditary title held by one who rules a territorial duchy, exercises feudal authority over an estate called a duchy, or possesses a right by law or tradition to be referred to ...

- Hauck's ''Realencyklopädie'' (1900).

References

*

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External links

Google Books
The Presbyterian Review, Volume 9 edited by Charles Augustus Briggs, Archibald Alexander Hodge, Francis Landrey Patton, Benjamin Breckinridge Warfield {{DEFAULTSORT:Hupfeld, Hermann 1796 births 1866 deaths People from Marburg German orientalists 19th-century German Protestant theologians People from the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg alumni Academic staff of the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg Academic staff of the University of Marburg 19th-century German male writers German male non-fiction writers

See also

References

External links