Heribert Reiners
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Heribert Reiners (23 August 1884 – 4 June 1960) was a German
art historian Art history is the study of artistic works made throughout human history. Among other topics, it studies art’s formal qualities, its impact on societies and cultures, and how artistic styles have changed throughout history. Traditionally, the ...
and academic teacher at the Universities in
Bonn Bonn () is a federal city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, located on the banks of the Rhine. With a population exceeding 300,000, it lies about south-southeast of Cologne, in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region. This ...
and
Fribourg or is the capital of the Cantons of Switzerland, Swiss canton of Canton of Fribourg, Fribourg and district of Sarine (district), La Sarine. Located on both sides of the river Saane/Sarine, on the Swiss Plateau, it is a major economic, adminis ...
.


Life

Born in
Lobberich Lobberich is a German village in North Rhine-Westphalia, situated close to the Dutch border at Venlo. It has a population of around 14,000 inhabitants. Since 1970 the town belongs to the municipality of Nettetal. The art historian Heribert Reine ...
''Die rheinischen Chorgestühle der Frühgotik. Ein Kapitel der Rezeption der Gotik in Deutschland''. Dissertation, Universität Bonn vom 17 February 1909, Universitäts-Buchdruckerei J. H. Ed. Heitz (Heitz & Mündel), Strassburg 1909, Lebenslauf. as son of the
portrait painter Portrait painting is a Hierarchy of genres, genre in painting, where the intent is to represent a specific human subject. The term 'portrait painting' can also describe the actual painted portrait. Portraitists may create their work by commissio ...
Jacob Reiners and his wife Theodora Reiners, ''née'' Aldenhoven, Reiners, a Catholic born in the Rhineland, Reiners began studying
art history Art history is the study of Work of art, artistic works made throughout human history. Among other topics, it studies art’s formal qualities, its impact on societies and cultures, and how artistic styles have changed throughout history. Tradit ...
after attending the
Gymnasium Paulinum Gymnasium Paulinum is a Gymnasium (secondary) school in Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was founded in around 797 and is claimed to be the oldest school in Germany. Early history Gymnasium Paulinum was established by Ludger the mi ...
in
Münster Münster (; ) is an independent city#Germany, independent city (''Kreisfreie Stadt'') in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is in the northern part of the state and is considered to be the cultural centre of the Westphalia region. It is also a ...
, from which he graduated on 11 March 1903. Initially, he spent the summer semester of 1903 at the
Philipps-Universität Marburg The Philipps University of Marburg () is a public research university located in Marburg, Germany. It was founded in 1527 by Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse, which makes it one of Germany's oldest universities and the oldest still operating Protes ...
, then moved to the Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University of Bonn (winter semester 1903 and summer semester 1904) and finally to
Humboldt University of Berlin The Humboldt University of Berlin (, abbreviated HU Berlin) is a public research university in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin, Germany. The university was established by Frederick William III on the initiative of Wilhelm von Humbol ...
for the winter semester 1905 and summer semester 1906, before returning to Bonn for the summer semester 1907. He interrupted his studies in art history by studying
Catholic Theology Catholic theology is the understanding of Catholic doctrine or teachings, and results from the studies of theologians. It is based on canonical scripture, and sacred tradition, as interpreted authoritatively by the magisterium of the Catholi ...
for two semesters in the winter semester of 1904 and the summer semester of 1905, also in Bonn. After the oral doctoral examination of 3 June 1908, he gained his
Dr. phil. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, DPhil; or ) is a terminal degree that usually denotes the highest level of academic achievement in a given discipline and is awarded following a course of graduate study and original research. The name of the deg ...
on 17 February 1909 at the University of Bonn with the thesis ''Die rheinischen Chorgestühle der Frühgotik''. Paul Clemen emerged as his doctoral supervisor. In Bonn, Reiners
habilitated Habilitation is the highest university degree, or the procedure by which it is achieved, in Germany, France, Italy, Poland and some other European and non-English-speaking countries. The candidate fulfills a university's set criteria of excellen ...
also in 1912.''Reiners, Heribert.'' In
Werner Schuder Werner Schuder (25 February 1917 - 20 October 2006) was a German publisher. Life Born in Berlin, Schuder completed an apprenticeship in book trade and librarianship. After his studies, he first worked as a librarian in the university library a ...
(ed.): ''
Kürschners Deutscher Gelehrten-Kalender ''Kürschners Deutscher Gelehrten-Kalender'' (English: "Kürschner's Encyclopedia of German Scholars"), formerly subtitled ''Lexikon der lebenden deutschsprachigen Wissenschaftler'' ("Encyclopedia of Living German-Speaking Scholars"), is a German ...
1961.'' 9th edition, 2nd volume, O-Z and register,
Verlag Walter de Gruyter Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter (), is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature. History The roots of the company go back to 1749 when Frederick the Great granted the Königliche Realschule in Ber ...
, Berlin 1961, .
During the First World War he was, together with Dr
Wilhelm Ewald Wilhelm may refer to: People and fictional characters * William Charles John Pitcher, costume designer known professionally as "Wilhelm" * Wilhelm (name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name or surname Other uses * Wilhe ...
, art protection officer at the Army High Command 5 and documented Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance churches and castles in northern
Lorraine Lorraine, also , ; ; Lorrain: ''Louréne''; Lorraine Franconian: ''Lottringe''; ; ; is a cultural and historical region in Eastern France, now located in the administrative region of Grand Est. Its name stems from the medieval kingdom of ...
. In 1922, he received an extraordinary Professorship. From Bonn he moved to the
University of Fribourg The University of Fribourg (; ) is a public university located in Fribourg, Switzerland. The roots of the university can be traced back to 1580, when the notable Jesuit Peter Canisius founded the Collège Saint-Michel in the City of Fribourg ...
in Switzerland in 1925, after receiving an appointment there as full professor to the chair of art history, which he held until 1945, from 1940 also for the subject of
archaeology Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, ...
. With the end of the
Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
and the simultaneous end of the
National Socialist Nazism (), formally named National Socialism (NS; , ), is the far-right totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany. During Hitler's rise to power, it was frequen ...
era, Reiners received expulsion by decision of the Swiss
Federal Council Federal Council may refer to: Governmental bodies * Federal Council of Australasia, a forerunner to the current Commonwealth of Australia * Federal Council of Austria, the upper house of the Austrian federal parliament * Federal Council of German ...
for
collaborationism Wartime collaboration is cooperation with the enemy against one's country of citizenship in wartime. As historian Gerhard Hirschfeld says, it "is as old as war and the occupation of foreign territory". The term ''collaborator'' dates to the 19th c ...
with the Nazis. The decision was repealed in 1957. Reiners died in
Bodman-Ludwigshafen Bodman-Ludwigshafen is a municipality in the district of Konstanz in Baden-Württemberg in Germany, located on the most western shore of Lake Überlingen, the north-western part of the Upper Lake of Lake Constance (). The municipality consist ...
at the age of 75.


Monument inventory in the Rhine Province

Reiners worked from 1 August 1908 to 1 October 1909 for the Bonn-based Commission for Monument Statistics, which was commissioned by the Provincial Association of the
Rhine Province The Rhine Province (), also known as Rhenish Prussia () or synonymous with the Rhineland (), was the westernmost Provinces of Prussia, province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia, within the German Reich, from 1822 to 1946. ...
under
Paul Clemen Paul Clemen (31 October 1866 – 8 July 1947) was a German art historian known in particular for his large inventory of monuments in the Rhineland area, many of which were destroyed or severely damaged in World War II. Clemen was born in Leipzi ...
to help compile the publication series . During this period, he travelled through the
district of Aachen The district of Aachen () is a district in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring districts are Heinsberg, Düren, Euskirchen, and also the Netherlands province of Limburg and the Belgian province of Liège. Its administrative b ...
for the purpose of recording the works of art and monuments there. After his departure, he continued editing the volume, which appeared in print in 1912. In 1931, he finally also took over from
Karl Faymonville Karl Faymonville (31 August 1875 – after 1927) was a German art historian. Life and career Born in Aachen, Faymonville, son of the factory owner Johannes Faymonville, attended a grammar school in Aachen. He studied art history and architectu ...
, who died in 1930, his as yet unpublished editing of the partial volume on the
district of Malmedy A district is a type of administrative division that in some countries is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions ...
. After a complete reworking and retracing of the district and, in parallel, of the adjacent district of Eupen, which had been published for the first time in 1912 in a partial volume by Faymonville, in 1932 and 1933, the double volume ''Die Kunstdenkmäler von Eupen-Malmedy'' (The Art Monuments of Eupen-Malmedy) on the districts separated from Germany after World War I was published in 1935. Reiners also contributed to other writings under the direction of Paul Clemen. For example, in the first edition of the guidebook ''Schloß Burg an der Wupper'' published by Schwann in
Düsseldorf Düsseldorf is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second-largest city in the state after Cologne and the List of cities in Germany with more than 100,000 inhabitants, seventh-largest city ...
in 1910, for which he wrote the description of the picturesque decoration.


Publications

* ''Die rheinischen Chorgestühle der Frühgotik. Ein Kapitel der Rezeption der Gotik in Deutschland''. Dissertation, Universität Bonn vom 17 Februar 1909, Universitäts-Buchdruckerei J. H. Ed. Heitz (Heitz & Mündel), Strassburg 1909. * ''Die rheinischen Chorgestühle der Frühgotik. Ein Kapitel der Rezeption der Gotik in Deutschland''. (''Studien zur deutschen Kunstgeschichte'', 113th fascicule) J. H. Ed. Heitz (Heitz & Mündel), Strassburg 1909, 90 pages plus 29 panels. * ''Die Kunstdenkmäler des Landkreises Aachen.''''Die Kunstdenkmäler des Landkreises Aachen''
on WorldCat
(Paul Clemen: ''Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz.'' ninth volume II.) L. Schwann Verlag, Düsseldorf 1912 (Nachdruck Pädagogischer Verlag Schwann, Düsseldorf 1981, ). * ''Die Kunst in den Rheinlanden.'' Kühlen, Mönchengladbach 1921. * ''Kunstdenkmäler zwischen Maas und Mosel'', with Wilhelm Ewald, on behalf of the Armee-Oberkommandos 5, Verlag F. Bruckmann, Munich 1919 * ''Das malerische alte Freiburg-Schweiz.'' Dr. B. Filser, Augsburg 1930 * ''Tausend Jahre rheinischer Kunst.'' Verlag der Buchgemeinde, Bonn 1925 (3rd edition 1938). * in collaboration with Heinrich Neu: ''Die Kunstdenkmäler von Eupen–Malmedy.'' L. Schwann Verlag, Düsseldorf 1935 (Nachdruck Pädagogischer Verlag Schwann, Düsseldorf 1982, ). * ''Das Münster Unserer Lieben Frau zu Konstanz.'' (''Die Kunstdenkmäler Südbadens'', vol.1), Thorbecke,
Konstanz Konstanz ( , , , ), traditionally known as Constance in English, is a college town, university city with approximately 83,000 inhabitants located at the western end of Lake Constance in the Baden-Württemberg state of south Germany. The city ho ...
1955.


References


Further reading

* ''Reiners, Heribert.'' In
Werner Schuder Werner Schuder (25 February 1917 - 20 October 2006) was a German publisher. Life Born in Berlin, Schuder completed an apprenticeship in book trade and librarianship. After his studies, he first worked as a librarian in the university library a ...
(ed.): ''
Kürschners Deutscher Gelehrten-Kalender ''Kürschners Deutscher Gelehrten-Kalender'' (English: "Kürschner's Encyclopedia of German Scholars"), formerly subtitled ''Lexikon der lebenden deutschsprachigen Wissenschaftler'' ("Encyclopedia of Living German-Speaking Scholars"), is a German ...
1961.'' 9th edition, 2nd vol., O–Z and register,
Verlag Walter de Gruyter Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter (), is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature. History The roots of the company go back to 1749 when Frederick the Great granted the Königliche Realschule in Ber ...
, Berlin 1961, .


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Reiners, Heribert German art historians Academic staff of the University of Bonn Academic staff of the University of Fribourg 1884 births 1960 deaths Writers from Rhineland-Palatinate