In the 96th

Olympiad An olympiad (, ''Olympiás'') is a period of four years, particularly those associated with the Ancient Olympic Games, ancient and Olympic Games, modern Olympic Games. Although the ancient Olympics were established during Archaic Greece, Greece ...

(396 BC), beside the athletic and artistic competitions,Gymnikos, hippikos and mousikos

agon () is the Greek personification for a conflict, struggle or contest, describing a concept of the same name. This could be a contest in athletics, in chariot or horse racing, or in music or literature at a public festival in ancient Greece. i ...

(naked, equine and artistic contest) the Herald and Trumpet contest was added, which was already a formal element of the Olympic ritual performed by the

kerykes The kerykes or ceryces (, pl. of , ''Keryx'') of Bronze Age Pylos 1200 BC, home to the aged Homeric hero Nestor and the Neleides, are listed in the Linear B tablets as ''ka-ru-ke'' serving the ''ra-wa-ko-ri'', the commander of armed forces. ...

(heralds) and salpinktai (trumpeters). Winners were chosen by the clarity of the

enunciation Elocution is the study of formal speaking in pronunciation, grammar, style, and tone as well as the idea and practice of effective speech and its forms. It stems from the idea that while communication is symbolic, sounds are final and compel ...

and the audibility of their voice or horn blast. Some notable victors were: * Timaios of Elis (trumpeter) and Crates (herald) of Elis, the first ones * Herodorus of Megara (ten times) 328–292 BC trumpeter *Diogenes of Ephesus 69–85 AD (five times) trumpeter *Valerius Eclectus of Sinope 245, 253–261 AD (four times) herald

References

Sources

*Ancient Greek Athletics By

Stephen G. Miller Stephen Gaylord Miller (June 22, 1942 – August 11, 2021) was an American historian and archaeologist who devoted over three decades of his career to the excavation and promotion of the archaeological site of Ancient Nemea in the Peloponnese, G ...

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{{ISBN, 0-300-10083-3 (2006) Ancient Olympic sports Competitions in Greece