''Hemiandra'' is a genus of nine species of flowering plants of the family

Lamiaceae The Lamiaceae ( ) or Labiatae are a family of flowering plants commonly known as the mint, deadnettle or sage family. Many of the plants are aromatic in all parts and include widely used culinary herbs like basil, mint, rosemary, sage, savo ...

and is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found els ...

to Western Australia. Plants in the genus ''Hemiandra'' are shrubs with

sessile Sessility, or sessile, may refer to: * Sessility (motility), organisms which are not able to move about * Sessility (botany), flowers or leaves that grow directly from the stem or peduncle of a plant * Sessility (medicine), tumors and polyps that ...

leaves arranged in opposite pairs, petals with five lobes arranged in two "lips" and the fruit a capsule usually containing four

nuts Nut often refers to: * Nut (fruit), fruit composed of a hard shell and a seed, or a collective noun for dry and edible fruits or seeds * Nut (hardware), fastener used with a bolt Nut or Nuts may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Com ...

Description

Plants in the genus ''Hemiandra'' are prostrate to medium shrubs with rigid, leathery, sessile leaves arranged in opposite pairs. The flowers have five egg-shaped

sepal A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined ...

s fused at the base and five petals fused at the base to form a

corolla Corolla may refer to: *Corolla (botany), the petals of a flower, considered as a unit *Toyota Corolla, an automobile model name * Corolla (headgear), an ancient headdress in the form of a circlet or crown * ''Corolla'' (gastropod), a genus of moll ...

with two "lips". The upper lip short of the corolla is erect with two lobes, the lower lip longer, spreading and three-lobed. The middle lobe itself often has two lobes. The flowers are white, pink or purple, often spotted in the throat. There are four

stamen The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filam ...

s and a single

style Style is a manner of doing or presenting things and may refer to: * Architectural style, the features that make a building or structure historically identifiable * Design, the process of creating something * Fashion, a prevailing mode of clothing ...

with two stigmas. The fruit is a capsule usually containing four nuts.

Taxonomy

The genus ''Hemiandra'' was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown in his ''

Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen ''Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen'' (Prodromus of the Flora of New Holland and Van Diemen's Land) is a flora of Australia written by botanist Robert Brown and published in 1810. Often referred to as ''Prodromus Flora Nova ...

'' and the first species he described was ''

Hemiandra pungens ''Hemiandra pungens'', commonly known as snakebush, is a shrub or trailing plant that is endemic to southwestern Western Australia. Description Ranging in height from 5 cm to 100 cm, it occurs on rock outcrops. It is a variable speci ...

''. The name ''Hemiandra'' means "half male", referring to the

anthers The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filam ...

that are 1-celled.

Species list

The following is a list of species of ''Hemiandra'' accepted by the

Australian Plant Census The Australian Plant Census (APC) provides an online interface to currently accepted, published, scientific names of the vascular flora of Australia, as one of the output interfaces of the national government Integrated Biodiversity Information Syst ...

as at January 2021: * ''

Hemiandra coccinea ''Hemiandra'' is a genus of nine species of flowering plants of the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. Plants in the genus ''Hemiandra'' are shrubs with sessile leaves arranged in opposite pairs, petals with five lobes arranged ...

'' O.H.Sarg. * ''

Hemiandra gardneri ''Hemiandra gardneri'', commonly known as red snakebush, is a flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a prostrate, trailing plant with greyish foliage and mostly red flowers. Description ''Hemiandra gar ...

'' O.H.Sarg. * ''

Hemiandra glabra ''Hemiandra'' is a genus of nine species of flowering plants of the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. Plants in the genus ''Hemiandra'' are shrubs with sessile leaves arranged in opposite pairs, petals with five lobes arranged ...

Benth. George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studie ...

* ''

Hemiandra incana ''Hemiandra'' is a genus of nine species of flowering plants of the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. Plants in the genus ''Hemiandra'' are shrubs with sessile leaves arranged in opposite pairs, petals with five lobes arranged ...

Bartl. Friedrich Gottlieb Bartling (December 9, 1798 – November 20, 1875) was a German botanist who was a native of Hanover. He studied natural sciences at the University of Göttingen, and in 1818 took a botanical journey through Hungary and Croatia ...

* ''

Hemiandra leiantha ''Hemiandra'' is a genus of nine species of flowering plants of the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. Plants in the genus ''Hemiandra'' are shrubs with sessile leaves arranged in opposite pairs, petals with five lobes arranged ...

'' Benth. * ''

Hemiandra linearis ''Hemiandra linearis'', commonly known as speckled snakebush, is a species of prostrate to ascending shrub that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. Description ''Hemiandra linearis'' is a prostrate to ascending shrub that typicall ...

'' Benth. * ''

'' R.Br. * ''

Hemiandra rubriflora ''Hemiandra'' is a genus of nine species of flowering plants of the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. Plants in the genus ''Hemiandra'' are shrubs with sessile leaves arranged in opposite pairs, petals with five lobes arranged ...

'' O.H.Sarg. * ''

Hemiandra rutilans ''Hemiandra'' is a genus of nine species of flowering plants of the family Lamiaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. Plants in the genus ''Hemiandra'' are shrubs with sessile leaves arranged in opposite pairs, petals with five lobes arranged ...

'' O.H.Sarg.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2701062 Lamiaceae Endemic flora of Australia Lamiaceae genera Lamiales of Australia