''Heliothis'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

moth Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of ...

s in the family

Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea because many of the clades are constantly changing, along with the othe ...

. It was first described by Ferdinand Ochsenheimer in 1816. Some of the species have

larva A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. Th ...

e which are agricultural pests on crop species such as

tobacco Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus '' Nicotiana'' of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants. More than 70 species of tobacco are known, but the ch ...

cotton Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus '' Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor p ...

soybean The soybean, soy bean, or soya bean (''Glycine max'') is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses. Traditional unfermented food uses of soybeans include soy milk, from which tofu ...

and

pigeon pea The pigeon pea (''Cajanus cajan'') is a perennial legume from the family Fabaceae native to the Old World. The pigeon pea is widely cultivated in tropical and semitropical regions around the world, being commonly consumed in South Asia, Southeas ...

. Some species originally in this genus have been moved to other genera, see '' Chloridea'' and '' Helicoverpa''.

Taxonomy

Several species of moths of agricultural importance that used to be placed in this genus now are classified as members of the genus ''Helicoverpa'', such as the corn earworm, '' Helicoverpa zea''. The species '' subflexa'', '' tergemina'', and '' virescens'' are now members of the genus '' Chloridea''.

Description

The proboscis is fully developed. Palpi porrect (extending forward) and second joint evenly clothed with long hair. The third joint is short and depressed and a short frontal shift. Thorax and abdomen without tufts. Fore tibia has a pair of slender terminal spines, whereas mid and hind tibia also spined. Forewings with veins 8 and 9 sometimes given off from the end of the areole.

Species

* Subgenus ''Heliothis'': ** '' Heliothis acesias'' Felder & Rogenhofer, 1872 ** '' Heliothis australis'' Hardwick, 1994 ** '' Heliothis belladonna'' (H. Edwards, 1881) ** '' Heliohis borealis'' (Hampson, 1903) ** ''

Heliothis conifera ''Heliothis conifera'' is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea be ...

'' (Hampson, 1913) ** '' Heliothis cystiphora'' (Wallengren, 1860) ** ''

Heliothis flavescens ''Heliothis flavescens'' is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae first described by Anthonie Johannes Theodorus Janse in 1917. It is found in Africa, including South Africa and Eswatini Eswatini ( ; ss, eSwatini ), officially the Ki ...

'' (Janse, 1917) ** ''

Heliothis flavigera ''Heliothis flavigera'' is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea be ...

'' (Hampson, 1907) ** ''

Heliothis fuscimacula ''Heliothis fuscimacula'' is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae first described by Anthonie Johannes Theodorus Janse in 1917. It is found in Africa, including South Africa and Eswatini Eswatini ( ; ss, eSwatini ), officially the K ...

'' (Janse, 1917) ** ''

Heliothis hoarei ''Heliothis hoarei'' is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea beca ...

'' Matthews, 1999 ** '' Heliothis lucilinea'' Walker, 1858 ** '' Heliothis maritima'' Graslin, 1855 ** '' Heliothis metachrisea'' (Hampson, 1903) ** '' Heliothis melanoleuca'' Mitchell, 1997 ** '' Heliothis molochitina'' (Berg, 1882) ** '' Heliothis nubigera'' Herrich-Schäffer, 851/small> ** '' Heliothis ononis'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) ** '' Heliothis oregonica'' (H. Edwards, 1875) ** '' Heliothis pauliani'' Viette, 1959 ** '' Heliothis peltigera'' (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) ** ''

Heliothis perstriata ''Heliothis perstriata'' is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea ...

'' (Brandt, 1941) ** ''

Heliothis philbyi ''Heliothis philbyi'' is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea bec ...

'' (Brandt, 1941) ** ''

Heliothis phloxiphaga ''Heliothis phloxiphaga'' is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in the United States and southern Canada. It feeds on a variety of plants, and the caterpillars are considered pests to certain trees, including '' Ulmus'', '' Ma ...

'' Grote & Robinson, 1867 ** '' Heliothis proruptus'' Grote, 1873 ** '' Heliothis punctifera'' Walker, 1857 ** '' Heliothis roseivena'' (Walker, 1866) ** '' Heliothis scutuligera'' Guenée, 1852 ** '' Heliothis sturmhoefeli'' Draudt, 1927 ** '' Heliothis viriplaca'' (Hufnagel, 1766) ** '' Heliothis xanthia'' Angulo y Olivares, 1999 ** '' Heliothis xanthiata'' Walker, 1865 * Subgenus ''

Masalia ''Masalia'' was a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae. It is now considered to be a subgenus of '' Heliothis''. Selected species *''Heliothis albida'' (Hampson, 1905) *''Heliothis philbyi'' (Brandt, 1941) *''Heliothis perstriata ''Helioth ...

'': ** ''

Heliothis albida ''Heliothis albida'' is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, , "Arabian Peninsula" or , , "Isl ...

'' (Hampson, 1905) ** '' Heliothis albipuncta'' (Hampson, 1910) ** '' Heliothis cruentata'' (Moore, 1881) ** '' Heliothis decorata'' (Moore, 1881) ** '' Heliothis disticta'' (Hampson, 1902) ** '' Heliothis galatheae'' (Wallengren, 1856) ** '' Heliothis leucosticta'' (Hampson, 1902) ** '' Heliothis nubila'' (Hampson, 1903) ** ''

'' (Brandt, 1941) ** ''

'' (Brandt, 1941) ** '' Heliothis quilengesi'' Seymour, 1972 ** '' Heliothis sublimis'' (Berio, 1962) ** '' Heliothis transvaalica'' (Distant, 1902) ** '' Heliothis uncta'' (Swinhoe, 1885) * Subgenus ''Timora'' (also treated as a separate genus): ** See: ''

Timora ''Timora'' is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea because many o ...

References

External links

* Heliothinae Taxa named by Ferdinand Ochsenheimer {{Heliothinae-stub