The Campylobacterales are an order of
Campylobacterota
Campylobacterota are a phylum of Gram-negative bacteria.
Taxonomy
Until the 2021 revision of bacterial taxonomy by the ICSP, the entire phylum was classified within the Proteobacteria (synonym Pseudomonadota) as the Epsilonproteobacteria and ...
which make up the epsilon subdivision, together with the small family
Nautiliaceae. They are
Gram-negative
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists ...
. Most of the species are
microaerophilic
A microaerophile is a microorganism that requires environments containing lower levels of dioxygen than that are present in the atmosphere (i.e. < 21% O2; typically 2–10% O2) for optimal growth.[ A more r ...]
.
[Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria. New York, New York: Springer. .]
Molecular signatures
Comparative genomic analysis has led to the identification of 49 proteins which are uniquely found in virtually all species of the order Campylobacterales. Additionally, two
conserved signature indels
Conserved signature inserts and deletions (CSIs) in protein sequences provide an important category of molecular markers for understanding phylogenetic relationships. CSIs, brought about by rare genetic changes, provide useful phylogenetic markers ...
have been identified which, along with the proteins, serve as molecular markers for the order. The indels are a three-amino-acid insertion in the B protein of the
Uvr ABC system, and a two-amino-acid deletion in
phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase.
[Gupta, R. S. (2006). Molecular signatures (unique proteins and conserved indels) that are specific for the epsilon proteobacteria. BMC Genomics. 7:167.]
Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclatu ...
(LPSN)
and
National Center for Biotechnology Information
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United States. The NCBI is lo ...
(NCBI)
Unassigned genera:
* "''
Flexispira''"
Bryner 1987
* "''Candidatus''
Thioturbo"
Muyzer et al. 2005
* "''
Thiofractor''"
Makita et al. 2012
* "Thiobarbaceae"
Assié et al. 2020
** "''Candidatus''
Thiobarba"
Assié et al. 2020
See also
*
List of bacterial orders
This article lists the orders of the Bacteria. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)
and the phylogeny is based on 16 ...
*
List of bacteria genera
This article lists the genera of the bacteria
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, ...
References
Campylobacterota
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