Heinrich Kohl (4 May 1877,

Kreuznach Bad Kreuznach () is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is a spa town, known for its medieval bridge dating from around 1300, the Alte Nahebrücke, which is one of the few remaining bridges in the world wi ...

– 26 September 1914,

Moronvilliers In 1911, the small village of Moronvilliers had 86 inhabitants. thumb On 2 September 1914, in the first month of World War I, the village, only 15 kilometers north-east from Rheims Reims ( ; ; also spelled Rheims in English) is the most populou ...

) was a German

architectural historian An architectural historian is a person who studies and writes about the history of architecture, and is regarded as an authority on it. Professional requirements As many architectural historians are employed at universities and other facilities ...

and

archaeologist Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, ...

. He took classes in architecture at the technical universities in

Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...

Dresden Dresden (; ; Upper Saxon German, Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; , ) is the capital city of the States of Germany, German state of Saxony and its second most populous city after Leipzig. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, 12th most p ...

and

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

. In 1902 he passed the first state examination for ''Regierungsbauführer'', then later passed the second state examination for attaining "government architect" status (1907). Within this time frame he attended lectures on archaeology at the

University of Freiburg The University of Freiburg (colloquially ), officially the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg (), is a public university, public research university located in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The university was founded in 1 ...

(1904).Kasr Firaun in Petra
by Heinrich Kohl In May 1914 he obtained his habilitation in architectural history from the Technical University of Hannover."Statement based on translated text from an equivalent article at the

German Wikipedia The German Wikipedia () is the German-language edition of Wikipedia, a free and publicly editable online encyclopedia. Founded on 16 March 2001, it is the second-oldest Wikipedia edition (after the English Wikipedia). It has articles, ma ...

1905 - Heinrich Kohl and Carl Watzinger working in the synagogue in Capernaum

In 1902-1904, under the guidance of

Otto Puchstein Otto Puchstein (6 July 1856, Labes – 9 March 1911, Berlin) was a German classical archaeologist. From 1875 to 1879 he studied philology, classical archaeology and Egyptology at the University of Strasbourg, where his instructors include ...

and

Bruno Schulz Bruno Schulz (12 July 1892 – 19 November 1942) was a History of the Jews in Poland, Polish Jewish writer, fine artist, Literary criticism, literary critic and Art education, art teacher. He is regarded as one of the great Polish (language), Po ...

, he took part in the excavation at

Baalbek Baalbek (; ; ) is a city located east of the Litani River in Lebanon's Beqaa Valley, about northeast of Beirut. It is the capital of Baalbek-Hermel Governorate. In 1998, the city had a population of 82,608. Most of the population consists of S ...

. In the summer of 1905, along with

Carl Watzinger Carl Watzinger (9 June 1877 in Darmstadt – 8 December 1948 in Tübingen) was a German archaeologist, who with Ernst Sellin, worked on uncovering the site of the ancient city of Jericho (1907–09), and earlier, with Heinrich Kohl (1877–1914), ...

, he investigated the

synagogue A synagogue, also called a shul or a temple, is a place of worship for Jews and Samaritans. It is a place for prayer (the main sanctuary and sometimes smaller chapels) where Jews attend religious services or special ceremonies such as wed ...

ruins in

Palestine Palestine, officially the State of Palestine, is a country in West Asia. Recognized by International recognition of Palestine, 147 of the UN's 193 member states, it encompasses the Israeli-occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and th ...

(

Galilee Galilee (; ; ; ) is a region located in northern Israel and southern Lebanon consisting of two parts: the Upper Galilee (, ; , ) and the Lower Galilee (, ; , ). ''Galilee'' encompasses the area north of the Mount Carmel-Mount Gilboa ridge and ...

). In the summer of 1907, with Puchstein, he performed excavatory work of the ancient Hittite capital of

Hattusa Hattusa, also Hattuşa, Ḫattuša, Hattusas, or Hattusha, was the capital of the Hittites, Hittite Empire in the late Bronze Age during two distinct periods. Its ruins lie near modern Boğazkale, Turkey (originally Boğazköy) within the great ...

(

Asia Minor Anatolia (), also known as Asia Minor, is a peninsula in West Asia that makes up the majority of the land area of Turkey. It is the westernmost protrusion of Asia and is geographically bounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean ...

). In November 1907, he studied the ruins of Qasr al-Bint Firaun at

Petra Petra (; "Rock"), originally known to its inhabitants as Raqmu (Nabataean Aramaic, Nabataean: or , *''Raqēmō''), is an ancient city and archaeological site in southern Jordan. Famous for its rock-cut architecture and water conduit systems, P ...

. During

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

, as an ''

Oberleutnant (English: First Lieutenant) is a senior lieutenant Officer (armed forces), officer rank in the German (language), German-speaking armed forces of Germany (Bundeswehr), the Austrian Armed Forces, and the Swiss Armed Forces. In Austria, ''Oberle ...

'' assigned to the Saxon Reserve Infantry Regiment (''Sächsischen Reserve-Infanterieregiments''), he was killed on 26 September 1914 at

, a French village not far from

Reims Reims ( ; ; also spelled Rheims in English) is the most populous city in the French Departments of France, department of Marne (department), Marne, and the List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, 12th most populous city in Fran ...

Selected works

* ''Kasr Firaun in Petra'', 1908 – Qasr al-Bint Firaun in Petra. * ''Boghasköi. Die Bauwerke'', 1912 (with Otto Puchstein,

Daniel Krencker Daniel Krencker (15 July 1874, Andolsheim – 10 November 1941, Berlin) was an Alsatian-German architectural historian. He is known for his studies of Roman architecture, in particular, his investigations of its temples (Asia Minor, Syria) and the ...

) – Hattusa, its structures. * ''Antike Synagogen in Galilaea'', 1916 (with Carl Watzinger) – Ancient synagogues in Galilee. * ''Baalbek - Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen und Untersuchungen in den Jahren 1898 bis 1905'', 1921 (with Bruno Schulz, Daniel Krencker, Otto Puchstein,

Hermann Winnefeld Hermann Winnefeld (4 September 1862, Überlingen – 30 April 1918, Berlin) was a German classical archaeologist. He studied classics in Heidelberg and Bonn from 1881 to 1884, and subsequently became a research assistant at the ''Großherzo ...

) – Baalbek: Results of excavations and investigations in the years 1898–1905.Google Search
published works

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kohl, Heinrich 1877 births 1914 deaths People from Bad Kreuznach German architectural historians Archaeologists from Rhineland-Palatinate German male non-fiction writers German military personnel killed in World War I German Army personnel of World War I