''Haustellum'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

of medium-sized

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

s, marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Muricidae Muricidae is a large and varied taxonomic family of small to large predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks, commonly known as murex snails or rock snails. With over 1,700 living species, the Muricidae represent almost 10% of the Neog ...

, the murex snails or rock snails. Like many other genera within the Muricidae, the genus has been redefined several times. Ponder & Vokes (1988) and Vokes (1990) included American and Indo-Pacific species in ''Haustellum'', which differs from ''

Murex ''Murex'' is a genus of medium to large sized predatory tropical sea snails. These are carnivorous marine gastropod molluscs in the family Muricidae, commonly called "murexes" or "rock snails".Houart, R.; Gofas, S. (2010). Murex Linnaeus, 1 ...

'' sensu stricto by lacking a labral spine. Petuch (1994) introduced '' Vokesimurex'' for the American long-canalled ''Haustellum'' sensu Vokes (1990), such as '' Murex messorius'' Sowerby, 1841. Houart (1999) transferred 14 Indo-Pacific species and three subspecies of ''Haustellum'' in the genus '' Vokesimurex''. As currently defined, ''Haustellum'' is represented by eight to nine species. Members of ''Haustellum'' generally differ from those of '' Vokesimurex'' in having a globose and low-spired shape, a more rounded

aperture In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...

, a smooth

columella Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (, Arabic: ) was a prominent Roman writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture and ancient Roman cuisin ...

, a less deep anal notch, and no cord spine.

Species

Species within the genus ''Haustellum'' include: * '' Haustellum barbieri'' Houart, 1993 * '' Haustellum bengalense'' Bozzetti, 2016 * '' Haustellum bondarevi'' Houart, 1999 *'' Haustellum damarcoi'' Briano & Damarco, 2011 * '' Haustellum fallax'' (E. A. Smith, 1901) * '' Haustellum franchii'' Bozzetti, 1993 * '' Haustellum haustellum'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * '' Haustellum kurodai'' Shikama, 1964 * '' Haustellum langleitae'' Houart, 1993 * '' Haustellum longicaudum'' (F. C. Baker, 1891) * '' Haustellum lorenzi'' Houart, 2013 * '' Haustellum tweedianum'' (Macpherson, 1962): * '' Haustellum vicdani'' Kosuge, 1980 * '' Haustellum wilsoni'' D'Attilio & Old, 1971 ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Haustellum bellegladeensis'' (E. H. Vokes, 1963) : synonym of '' Vokesimurex bellegladeensis'' (E. H. Vokes, 1963) * ''Haustellum bengalensis'' Bozzetti, 2016 : synonym of ''Haustellum bengalense'' Bozzetti, 2016 (wrong gender agreement of specific epithet) * ''Haustellum bobyini'' (Kosuge, 1983): synonym of '' Vokesimurex bobyini'' (Kosuge, 1983) * ''Haustellum brandaris'' (Linnaeus, 1758) is a synonym for ''

Bolinus brandaris ''Bolinus brandaris'' (originally called ''Murex brandaris'' by Linnaeus and also Haustellum brandaris), and commonly known as the purple dye murex or the spiny dye-murex, is a species of medium-sized predatory sea snail, an edible marine gastr ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758)Houart, R.; Gofas, S. (2009). ''Bolinus brandaris'' (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=140389 on 2010-08-31 * ''Haustellum clavatum'' Schumacher, 1817: synonym of ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Haustellum danilai'' Houart, 1992: synonym of '' Vokesimurex danilai'' (Houart, 1992) * ''Haustellum dentifer'' (Watson, 1883): synonym of Vokesimurex dentifer dentifer (Watson, 1883) * ''Haustellum dolichourus'' Ponder & Vokes, 1988: synonym of '' Vokesimurex dolichourus'' (Ponder & Vokes, 1988) * ''Haustellum elenense'' (Dall, 1909): synonym of '' Vokesimurex elenensis'' (Dall, 1909) * ''Haustellum gallinago'' (G.B. Sowerby III, 1903): synonym of '' Vokesimurex gallinago'' (G.B. Sowerby III, 1903) * ''Haustellum hirasei'' (Hirase, 1915): synonym of '' Vokesimurex hirasei'' (Hirase, 1915) * ''Haustellum kiiensis'' (Kira, 1959): synonym of '' Vokesimurex kiiensis'' (Kira, 1959) * ''Haustellum laeve'' Schumacher, 1817: synonym of ''Haustellum haustellum'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Haustellum malabaricum'' (E. A. Smith, 1894): synonym of '' Vokesimurex malabaricus'' (E. A. Smith, 1894) * ''Haustellum mindanaoensis'' (G.B. Sowerby II, 1841): synonym of '' Vokesimurex mindanaoensis'' (G.B. Sowerby II, 1841) * ''Haustellum multiplicatus'' (Sowerby, 1895): synonym of '' Vokesimurex multiplicatus'' (Sowerby, 1895) * ''Haustellum nobile'' Schumacher, 1817: synonym of '' Murex pecten pecten'' Lightfoot, 1786 * ''Haustellum purdyae'' (Radwin & D'Attilio, 1976): synonym of '' Vokesimurex purdyae'' (Radwin & D'Attilio, 1976) * ''Haustellum rectirostris'' (Sowerby, 1841): synonym of '' Vokesimurex rectirostris'' (Sowerby, 1841) * ''Haustellum sobrinus'' (A. Adams, 1863): synonym of '' Vokesimurex sobrinus'' (A. Adams, 1863)

Paleontology

There is no record of extinct species in the geological register. The oldest member is the type species '' Haustellum haustellum'' from the Indo-Pacific province. It is recorded from the Miocene of Borneo (Beets, 1941), the Pliocene of Java, Indonesia and the

Plio-Pleistocene The Plio-Pleistocene is an informally described geological pseudo-period, which begins about 5 million years ago (Mya) and, drawing forward, combines the time ranges of the formally defined Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs—marking from about 5&n ...

of the Malaysian Archipelago.

References

Schumacher C.F. (1817). ''Essai d'un nouveau système des habitations des vers testacés''. Schultz, Copenghagen pp. [IV] + 288 + 22 pl.
* Beets, C. (1941). ''Eine jungmiocäne Mollusken Fauna von der Halbinsel Mangkalihat, Ost Borneo''. Verhandelingen Geologisch-Mijnbouwkunig Genootshap Nederland en Kolonien. Geologisch Serie 13 (1): 1-218. * Houart, R. (1999). ''Review of the Indo-Pacific species of ''Haustellum'' Schumacher'', 1817 and comments on ''Vokesimurex'' Petuch, 1994 (Gastropoda: Muricidae) with the description of ''H. bondarevi n. sp.'' Apex 14 (3-8): 81-107. * Merle, D., Garrigues, B. & Pointier, J.-P. (2011). ''Fossil and Recent Muricidae of the World, Part Muricinae''. 648 pp., 182 colour plates, Hackenheim. . * Petuch, E. J. (1994). ''Atlas of Florida fossil shells''. 394 pp. Chicago. * Ponder, W. F. & Vokes, E. H. (1988). ''A revision of the Indo-West Pacific fossil and recent Species of ''Murex'' s.s. and ''Haustellum'' (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Muricidae)''. Records of the Australian Museum, Suppl. 8: 1-160. * Vokes, E. H. (1990): ''Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region, Part VIII - ''Murex'' s.s., ''Haustellum'', ''Chicoreus'', ''Hexaplex''; additions and corrections''. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 23 (1-3): 1-96. * Houart R. (2014). ''Living Muricidae of the world. Muricinae. Murex, Promurex, Haustellum, Bolinus, Vokesimurex and Siratus.'' Harxheim: ConchBooks. 197 pp. {{Authority control Muricinae Gastropod genera