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Haul trucks are off-road, heavy-duty
Most haul trucks have a two-axle design, but two well-known models from the 1970s, the 350T Terex Titan and 235T WABCO 3200/B, had three axles. Haul truck capacities range from to nearly .
An example on the smaller end is the Caterpillar 775 (rated at ).
The largest, highest-payload-capacity haul trucks are referred to as ''ultra class'' trucks. The ultra class includes all haul trucks with a payload capacity of or greater. , the BelAZ 75710 has the highest payload capacity, .
Haul trucks are off-road, heavy-duty dump truck
A dump truck, known also as a dumping truck, dump lorry or dumper lorry or a dumper for short, is used for transporting materials (such as dirt, gravel, or demolition waste) for construction as well as coal. A typical dump truck is equipped ...
s specifically engineered for use in high-production mining and exceptionally demanding construction environments. Most are dual axle; at least two examples of tri-axles were made in the 1970s. Haul trucks are denominated by their payload capacity, by weight (variously in tons, tonnes, and kg).
Description
Most haul trucks have a two-axle design, but two well-known models from the 1970s, the 350T Terex Titan and 235T WABCO 3200/B, had three axles. Haul truck capacities range from to nearly .
An example on the smaller end is the Caterpillar 775 (rated at ). Quarry
A quarry is a type of open-pit mining, open-pit mine in which dimension stone, rock (geology), rock, construction aggregate, riprap, sand, gravel, or slate is excavated from the ground. The operation of quarries is regulated in some juri ...
operations (which produce payloads that have value) are typically employ smaller trucks than mining operations (such as removing undesirable overburden, an expense).
Haul trucks can generally be distinguished from standard dump trucks by:
* Being far too large to travel legally on public roads
* Having a dump body made of exceptionally strong steel plate that extends over the cab to protect it, angled upright at its end (or entirely) to aid in dumping; some are heated by exhaust gases to prevent loads from sticking or freezing to the bed;
* Having a driver's cab narrower than its body;
* No axle suspension;
* Limited speed and operating range;
* Special off-road only tires;
* A ratio of dead weight to payload not exceeding 1:1.6
Most large haul trucks use some form of traction motor
A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric vehicle, electric or hydrogen vehicles, or electric multiple unit trains.
Traction (engineering), Traction motors are used in electrically powe ...
s coupled to regenerative braking
Regenerative braking is an energy recovery mechanism that slows down a moving vehicle or object by converting its kinetic energy or potential energy into a form that can be either used immediately or stored until needed.
Typically, regenerativ ...
s for power, braking, or both.
Haul trucks are classified by:
* Type of unloading (dump or rear-eject);
* Direction of discharge (side, rear);
* Type of body (hopper, platform, sliding hopper, sliding platform).
Ultra class
The largest, highest-payload-capacity haul trucks are referred to as ''ultra class'' trucks. The ultra class includes all haul trucks with a payload capacity of or greater. , the BelAZ 75710 has the highest payload capacity, .
Notable examples
See also
* Articulated hauler * Dumper * Haul road * Rear-eject haul truck bodies * Unit RigNotes
References
* * {{Mining equipment ru:Самосвал#Внедорожные (карьерные) самосвалы