''Hasora vitta'', the plain banded awl,TOL web page o
genus ''Hasora''
Markku Savela's website on Lepidoptera - page on genu

is a

butterfly Butterflies are winged insects from the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea, characterized by large, often brightly coloured wings that often fold together when at rest, and a conspicuous, fluttering flight. The oldest butterfly fossi ...

belonging to the family

Hesperiidae Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilion ...

which is found in

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

and parts of

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...

Description

The butterfly, which has a wingspan of 45 to 55 mm, is dark brown above. It resembles the common banded awl (''

Hasora chromus ''Hasora'', the awls, are a genus of skipper butterflies. ''Hasora'' species are found in the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. Species * '' Hasora alta'' de Jong, 1982 Sumatra * '' Hasora anura'' (de Niceville, 1889) - slate awl ** ''Haso ...

''), except in the case of having a broad white band on the under hindwing which is outwardly diffused; also, its wings are more prominently glossed. Other differentiating characteristics are: Male: The upper forewing has an apical spot, sometimes with another in 3. The upper forewing has no brand. Female: The apical spot in the case of the female is larger, and there is an additional spot in 2.

Taxonomy

The butterfly has two subspecies: * ''Hasora vitta vitta'' - South

Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...

(Dawnas),

Malaya Malaya refers to a number of historical and current political entities related to what is currently Peninsular Malaysia in Southeast Asia: Political entities * British Malaya (1826–1957), a loose collection of the British colony of the Straits ...

peninsula,

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, ...

n archipelago and

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

. * ''Hasora vitta indica'' -

South India South India, also known as Southern India or Peninsular India, is the southern part of the Deccan Peninsula in India encompassing the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana as well as the union territories of ...

Sikkim Sikkim ( ; ) is a States and union territories of India, state in northeastern India. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China in the north and northeast, Bhutan in the east, Koshi Province of Nepal in the west, and West Bengal in the ...

Assam Assam (, , ) is a state in Northeast India, northeastern India, south of the eastern Himalayas along the Brahmaputra Valley, Brahmaputra and Barak River valleys. Assam covers an area of . It is the second largest state in Northeast India, nor ...

, North

Thailand Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. With a population of almost 66 million, it spa ...

and south western

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

Range

The plain banded awl is found in India in the south (

Kanara Kanara or Canara, also known as Karāvali, is the historically significant stretch of land situated by the southwestern Konkan coast of India, alongside the Arabian Sea in the present-day Indian state of Karnataka. The subregion comprises thr ...

and eastwards to

, western

Malaysia Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia. Featuring the Tanjung Piai, southernmost point of continental Eurasia, it is a federation, federal constitutional monarchy consisting of States and federal territories of Malaysia, 13 states and thre ...

and the

Status

Not rare as per Evans (1932). Not common as per Wynter-Blyth (1957).

Host-plants

The caterpillars have been recorded on ''

Derris ''Derris'' is genus of leguminous plants. It contains 65 species, which range from eastern Africa to the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, New Guinea, northern Australia, and the southwest Pacific islands. The roots of '' D. elliptica'' cont ...

'' spp., ''

Pongamia ''Pongamia pinnata'' is a species of tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, native to eastern and tropical Asia, Australia, and the Pacific islands. It is the sole species in genus ''Pongamia''. It is often known by the synonym ''Millettia pinnata''. ...

'' spp., ''

Millettia extensa ''Millettia extensa'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. A woody climber, local peoples use it as a supplemental forage and for various veterinary treatments for their liv ...

'', ''

Endosamara racemosa ''Endosamara'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae, tribe Wisterieae. Its only species is ''Endosamara racemosa'', a liana found from South India through Indo-China to the Philippines. Description ''Endosamara ...

'', ''

Millettia glabra ''Millettia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It consists of about 169 species of shrubs, lianas or trees, which are native to tropical and subtropical regions of sub-Saharan Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Indochina, sout ...

'' and ''

Spatholobus ferrugineus ''Spatholobus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae. It includes 35 species of lianas which range from the Indian subcontinent to Indochina, southern China, and western Malesia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, ...

''.

Cited references

References

Print * * * Online * *Brower, Andrew V. Z., (2007). Hasora Moore 1881. Version 21 February 2007 (under construction). Page o
genus Hasora
in The Tree of Life Web Project http://tolweb.org/.

{{Taxonbar, from=Q3595400 Hasora Butterflies of Singapore Butterflies described in 1870 Butterflies of Malaysia Taxa named by Arthur Gardiner Butler Butterflies of Indonesia Lepidoptera of the Philippines