Haplogroup L5 is a
human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) clade. It was previously known as L1e.
Distribution
L5 is a small haplogroup centered in
East Africa
East Africa, also known as Eastern Africa or the East of Africa, is a region at the eastern edge of the Africa, African continent, distinguished by its unique geographical, historical, and cultural landscape. Defined in varying scopes, the regi ...
. The highest frequency is in
Mbuti Pygmies
In anthropology, pygmy peoples are ethnic groups whose average height is unusually short. The term pygmyism is used to describe the phenotype of endemic short stature (as opposed to disproportionate dwarfism occurring in isolated cases in a po ...
from Eastern Central Africa at 15%.
It is present in relatively small frequencies in Tanzania (
Sandawe and others), Kenya, Chad, Ethiopia, Sudan, Nubia, Egypt
[Sample UPE52 is subclade L5a.] and Saudi Arabia.
Haplogroup L5 has been observed among specimens at the island cemetery in
Kulubnarti,
Sudan
Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Libya to the northwest, Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Eritrea and Ethiopi ...
, which date from the Early Christian period (AD 550–800).
Subclades
Tree
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L5 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser ''Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation''
and subsequent published research.
* Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA)
**L1-6
***L2-6
****L5
*****L5a
******L5a1
*******L5a1a
*******L5a1b
*******L5a1c
******L5a2
*****L5c
******L5c1
******L5c2
References
Notes
External links
*General
**Mannis van Oven'
Phylotree*Haplogroup L5
**Ian Logan'
**YFull MTree'
Haplogroup L5**MITOMAP'
Haplogroup L5
L5
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