Hamada Domain
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270px, Surviving portion of San-no-maru wall of Hamada Castle 270px, Matsudaira Takeakira, final ''daimyō'' of Hamada was a feudal domain under the
Tokugawa shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars ...
of
Edo period The , also known as the , is the period between 1600 or 1603 and 1868 in the history of Japan, when the country was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and some 300 regional ''daimyo'', or feudal lords. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengok ...
Japan, in what is now western Shimane Prefecture. It was centered around Hamada Castle and was ruled by mostly a succession of '' fudai daimyō'' of various branches of the Matsudaira clan. Hamada Domain was conquered by Chōshū Domain during the Bakumatsu period following the Second Chōshū expedition of 1866.


History

During the Sengoku period, Iwami Province was part of the holdings of the Mōri clan. however, after the 1600 Battle of Sekigahara, the
Tokugawa shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars ...
deprived the Mōri of two-thirds of their holdings, reducing the clan to the two provinces of Nagato and Suō. Iwami became part of the holdings of Sakazaki Naomori, one of Tokugawa Ieyasu's generals, who established his seat at Tsuwano. In 1616, Sakazaka was either killed or committed '' seppuku'' over the "Senhime incident". Sakazaki had been promised Ieyasu's daughter Senhime as his wife if he rescued her from Osaka Castle during the Siege of Osaka; however, afterwards Ieyasu gave her to Honda Takatoki instead. The incensed Sakazaka plotted to kidnap her, but the plot was discovered by the shogunate, and the Sakazaka clan was destroyed. The territory was held as '' tenryō'' territory directly subordinate to the shogunate for a few years, and in 1619 was awarded to Furuta Shigeharu from Ise-Matsuzaka Domain with a '' kokudaka'' of 54,000 '' koku.'' Furuta Shigeharu built Hamada Castle. In 1648, his son Furuta Shigetsune was enraged when he found that his senior retainers had made arrangements to adopt an heir from a cadet branch of the clan without his authorization and had them executed. The shogunate declared him to be insane, and ordered his ''seppuku'' and the attainder of the domain. In 1649, Matsudaira (Matsui) Yasue was transferred from Yamasaki Domain in Harima Province. The Matsudaira ruled the domain for five generations despite several large scale peasants revolts. The clan was transferred to Koga Domain in Shimōsa Province in 1759. The domain was then assigned to Honda Tadahisa, a direct descendant of Honda Tadakatsu. He stayed for ten years, and was transferred to Okazaki Domain, where he exchanged places with Matsudaira (Matsui) Yasuyoshi. His son, Matsudaira Yasuto, was able to increase the domain by 10,000 ''koku'' to 65,000 ''koku''; however his son Matsudaira Yasutaka was discovered to have been smuggling with Korea in an effort to rebuild the domain's finances in what was later called the "Takeshima incident". He was relieved of office and the clan demoted to Tanagura Domain in Mutsu Province in 1836. Hamada Domain was then assigned to Matsudaira (Ochi) Nariatsu from Tatebayashi Domain. He traced his ancestry to a younger brother of Tokugawa Ienobu and the domain was thus a strong supporter of the shogunate in the Bakumatsu period. The fourth ''daimyō'', Matsudaira Taketoshi, was adopted into the clan from the Mito Tokugawa clan. During the Second Chōshū expedition of 1866, his forces were completely crushed by the forces of Chōshū Domain under Ōmura Masujirō. He abandoned Hamada Castle and fled to Tsuruta, Mimasaka Province, which was an enclave of the Hamada Domain. Matsudaira Taketoshi proclaimed himself ''daimyō'', of Tsuruta Domain, although the ''kokudaka'' of that territory was only 8000 ''koku''. The shogunate agreed to make up the shortfall to officially qualify him as ''daimyō'' and he ruled Tsuruta to the Meiji restoration. Meanwhile, Chōshū forces occupied Hamada and declared its annexation to Chōshū. Following the
Meiji restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored Imperial House of Japan, imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Althoug ...
, It became "Omori Prefecture", together with former shogunate territory and the Iwami Ginzan Silver Mine, and subsequently "Hamada Prefecture" before it was incorporated into Shimane Prefecture.


Holdings at the end of the Edo period

As with most domains in the han system, Hamada Domain consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned '' kokudaka'', based on periodic
cadastral A cadastre or cadaster ( ) is a comprehensive recording of the real estate or real property's metes and bounds, metes-and-bounds of a country.Jo Henssen, ''Basic Principles of the Main Cadastral Systems in the World,'/ref> Often it is represente ...
surveys and projected agricultural yields, g.Elison, George and Bardwell L. Smith (1987)
''Warlords, Artists, & Commoners: Japan in the Sixteenth Century,'' p. 18
* Iwami Province **46 villages in Ōchi District **76 villages in Naka District **49 villages in Mino District * Mimasaka Province **17 villages in Kumehokujo District, Hyōgo


List of daimyō

:


See also

* List of Han * Abolition of the han system


References

{{Authority control Domains of Japan History of Shimane Prefecture Iwami Province Chūgoku region Honda clan Matsudaira clan Matsui-Matsudaira clan