Halny is a

foehn wind A Foehn, or Föhn (, , , ), is a type of dry, relatively warm downslope wind in the lee of a mountain range. It is a rain shadow wind that results from the subsequent adiabatic warming of air that has dropped most of its moisture on windw ...

that blows in southern

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

and in

Slovakia Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's m ...

in the Tatra Mountains of the

Carpathians The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians () are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe and Southeast Europe. Roughly long, it is the third-longest European mountain range after the Urals at and the Scandinavian Mountains ...

. The most turbulent halny blows in Podhale region of southern Poland, coming from the south, down the slopes of the Tatra Mountains; in Slovakia, on the other side of the mountains, it comes from the north. Halny is a warm windstorm that blows through the

valley A valley is an elongated low area often running between hills or mountains and typically containing a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over ...

s. It is often disastrous; ripping off roofs, causing avalanches and, according to some people, can have some influence on mental states. Most halny occur in October and November, sometimes in February and March, rarely in other months. In May 1968 a destructive halny known as ''Wind of the Century'' where winds reportedly reached 288 km/h, destroyed large areas of forestry in southern Poland.

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Notes

# A note attempting to provide the English comprehension of ''halny'', which lacks a one-word translation: ''Halny'' is a singular masculine noun in Polish (plural: ''halne'') when denoting the wind. Wind is of masculine gender in Polish: ''wiatr''. The terms ''halny'' and ''wiatr halny'' are synonymous. ''Halny'' is also a general masculine adjective derived from the feminine noun ''hala'', a grassy meadow typical of the higher elevations of the Carpathian Mountains and the

Alps The Alps () are some of the highest and most extensive mountain ranges in Europe, stretching approximately across eight Alpine countries (from west to east): Monaco, France, Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria and Slovenia. ...

. The feminine singular adjective is ''halna'', while the neuter singular and the plural for all three genders of the adjective is ''halne''. Winds Mountain meteorology {{wind-stub

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Notes