HP Reliable Transaction Router (RTR) is a transactional

middleware Middleware is a type of computer software program that provides services to software applications beyond those available from the operating system. It can be described as "software glue". Middleware makes it easier for software developers to imple ...

for computer software, marketed by

Hewlett Packard The Hewlett-Packard Company, commonly shortened to Hewlett-Packard ( ) or HP, was an American multinational information technology company. It was founded by Bill Hewlett and David Packard in 1939 in a one-car garage in Palo Alto, Californi ...

. RTR is used to integrate with applications that require reliable transaction services.

Description

The RTR software package manages the messages sent between client-server to provide node and network fail-over for increased

reliability Reliability, reliable, or unreliable may refer to: Science, technology, and mathematics Computing * Data reliability (disambiguation), a property of some disk arrays in computer storage * Reliability (computer networking), a category used to des ...

, transactional integrity, and

interoperability Interoperability is a characteristic of a product or system to work with other products or systems. While the term was initially defined for information technology or systems engineering services to allow for information exchange, a broader de ...

between dissimilar systems. The RTR software has three logical entities: front-end (FE), back-end (BE), and transaction-router(TR). The router is a

software Software consists of computer programs that instruct the Execution (computing), execution of a computer. Software also includes design documents and specifications. The history of software is closely tied to the development of digital comput ...

component that provides fail-over intelligence and manages connections to the back-end. The client applications running on the Front End, combined with the Router and

Server Server may refer to: Computing *Server (computing), a computer program or a device that provides requested information for other programs or devices, called clients. Role * Waiting staff, those who work at a restaurant or a bar attending custome ...

applications running on the back end, interact to provide transaction integrity and reliability. The three logical entities can exist on the same node but are usually deployed on different nodes to achieve modularity, scalability, and

high availability High availability (HA) is a characteristic of a system that aims to ensure an agreed level of operational performance, usually uptime, for a higher than normal period. There is now more dependence on these systems as a result of modernization ...

. The client application interacts with the front-end which forwards the messages to the router, the router in turn routes the message to the intended back-end where the appropriate Server application is available for processing the message. The RTR routing capability partitions data across multiple servers and

node In general, a node is a localized swelling (a "knot") or a point of intersection (a vertex). Node may refer to: In mathematics * Vertex (graph theory), a vertex in a mathematical graph *Vertex (geometry), a point where two or more curves, lines ...

s for increased performance. The partition determines how messages are routed between the client and the servers within an application. The message exchange happens between the client and the server. Transactions start at the client and involve messages that can go to several servers. Such a method of messaging is used when there are multiple recipients for a message, or unsolicited messages need to be sent. RTR can help survive the failures generally seen in distributed application environments, including complete site, node, network link, and software process failures. RTR also provides continuous availability by using redundant resources in the distributed environment. RTR provides a Web Interface and a Command-Line Interface(CLI) for managing the RTR environment. When RTR and its components are running along with the applications, then Client Application, Server Application, and RTR services will be active. RTR is integrated with client applications and can be customized. User and Management Applications can be written using RTR APIs. The C,

C++ C++ (, pronounced "C plus plus" and sometimes abbreviated as CPP or CXX) is a high-level, general-purpose programming language created by Danish computer scientist Bjarne Stroustrup. First released in 1985 as an extension of the C programmin ...

Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...

, and

.Net The .NET platform (pronounced as "''dot net"'') is a free and open-source, managed code, managed computer software framework for Microsoft Windows, Windows, Linux, and macOS operating systems. The project is mainly developed by Microsoft emplo ...

variants of APIs are available for creating applications to use RTR.

History

RTR was first conceived in Zurich, Switzerland, by Dr. Paul Shrager in early 1988 and developed by a small team of four engineers working for DEC (Digital Equipment Corporation). The initial release was written in a mix of Macro, Bliss, Pascal, and SDL on top of DECnet and VMS. Later, it was reimplemented in C on top of a TCP/IP stack and an OS-agnostic infrastructure that allowed it to be deployed on multiple operating systems, including various flavors of Unix/Linux, VMS, and Windows. A Java and C++ veneer was added in the mid-90s to support an RPC-style veneer on top of the "services" oriented interface.

Special Characteristics

RTR was one of the first OLTP middleware services that provided the following features (in addition to the usual ones), viz. * Concurrent servers (a service could be offered by multiple entities, either as multiple threads within the same process or as independent processes) * Standby servers (a set of services that is capable of offering the services, if required, but not currently being asked to do so) * Shadow servers (a set of services currently processing an identical set of requests as the primary servers) Additionally, RTR guarantees the data equivalence of the repositories behind the primary and shadow servers, by enforcing a deduced "dependency relationship" among the set of concurrent transactions being shadowed. This allows RTR to process multiple transactions on the shadow without compromising dependency violations.

Usage

The most high-profile users of RTR are

banks A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates a demand deposit while simultaneously making loans. Lending activities can be directly performed by the bank or indirectly through capital markets. As banks ...

stock exchanges A stock exchange, securities exchange, or bourse is an Exchange (organized market), exchange where stockbrokers and stock trader, traders can buy and sell security (finance), securities, such as share (finance), shares of stock, Bond (finance) ...

and Railway Passenger Reservation Systems. RTR was available on

HP-UX HP-UX (from "Hewlett Packard Unix") is a proprietary software, proprietary implementation of the Unix operating system developed by Hewlett Packard Enterprise; current versions support HPE Integrity Servers, based on Intel's Itanium architect ...

Linux Linux ( ) is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an kernel (operating system), operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically package manager, pac ...

Windows Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft. It is grouped into families and subfamilies that cater to particular sec ...

and

OpenVMS OpenVMS, often referred to as just VMS, is a multi-user, multiprocessing and virtual memory-based operating system. It is designed to support time-sharing, batch processing, transaction processing and workstation applications. Customers using Op ...

in 2010.

External links

*http://h71000.www7.hp.com/doc/rtr.html *http://www.indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC552/fc552.html {{DEFAULTSORT:Hp Rtr Middleware Transaction processing

Description

History

Special Characteristics

Usage

Further reading

External links