Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (HNRNPD) also known as AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) is a

protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...

that in humans is encoded by the ''HNRNPD''

gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei ...

Alternative splicing Alternative splicing, alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is an alternative RNA splicing, splicing process during gene expression that allows a single gene to produce different splice variants. For example, some exons of a gene ma ...

of this gene results in four transcript variants.

Function

This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed

heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are complexes of RNA and protein present in the cell nucleus during transcription (genetics), gene transcription and subsequent post-transcriptional modification of the newly synthesized RNA (pre-mR ...

s (hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are nucleic acid binding proteins and they complex with

heterogeneous nuclear RNA A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary transcripts designated to be mRNAs ...

(hnRNA). The interaction sites on the RNA are frequently biased towards particular sequence motifs. These proteins are associated with

pre-mRNA A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by Transcription (genetics), transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary transcript ...

s in the

nucleus Nucleus (: nuclei) is a Latin word for the seed inside a fruit. It most often refers to: *Atomic nucleus, the very dense central region of an atom *Cell nucleus, a central organelle of a eukaryotic cell, containing most of the cell's DNA Nucleu ...

and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the

cytoplasm The cytoplasm describes all the material within a eukaryotic or prokaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, including the organelles and excluding the nucleus in eukaryotic cells. The material inside the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell a ...

. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has two repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs. It localizes to both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. This protein is implicated in the regulation of mRNA stability.

Interactions

HnRNP D has been shown to

interact Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization advocating for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organization was founded in 2006 and fo ...

with

SAFB Scaffold attachment factor B, also known as SAFB, is a gene with homologs that have been studied in humans and mice. Function This gene encodes a DNA-binding protein that has specificity for scaffold or matrix attachment region DNA elements (S ...

and

Hsp27 Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) also known as heat shock protein beta-1 (HSPB1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''HSPB1'' gene. Hsp27 is a chaperone of the sHsp (small heat shock protein) group among α- crystallin, Hsp20, and ot ...

. It also has been reported to interact with mRNAs such as Mef2c mRNA.

References

External links

PDBe-KB
provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (HNRPD) {{PDB Gallery, geneid=3184

Function

Interactions

References

Further reading

External links