HMS Suffolk (55)

HMS ''Suffolk'', pennant number 55, was a heavy cruiser of the Royal Navy, and part of the ''Kent'' subclass. She was built by Portsmouth Dockyard, Portsmouth, UK, with the keel being laid down on 30 September 1924. She was launched on 16 February 1926, and commissioned on 31 May 1928. During World War II, ''Suffolk'' took part in the Norwegian Campaign in 1940 and then the Battle of the Denmark Strait in 1941, before serving in the Arctic throughout the following year. After a refit that concluded in April 1943, the cruiser served in the Far East until the end of the war. In the immediate post-war period, ''Suffolk'' undertook transport duties between the Far East, Australia and the United Kingdom before being placed in reserve in mid-1946. The vessel was sold off and then scrapped in 1948.

History

Pre-World War II

''Suffolk'', like her sisters, served on the China Station, save for reconstruction, until the outbreak of World War II. In early 1934 she became the flagship of the China Station when Admiral Sir Frederick Dreyer dispatched ''Kent'' for a refit in Liverpool. She returned home to Portsmouth in July 1935 laden with 100 cases of "priceless" Chinese artefacts for an exhibition at the Royal Academy of Arts. During the 45 day journey a total of 1022 pieces were transported, of which 780 belonged to the Beijing Palace Museum. The transfer and exhibition were overseen by Dr C W Cheng from the Chinese Embassy in London, Palace Museum curator Chuang Yen and other Chinese officials.

Norwegian Campaign

''Suffolk'' came home in 1939 to be equipped with a Type 79Z radar system and after the outbreak of the Second World War patrolled the Denmark Strait in October 1939. In April 1940 she participated in the Norwegian Campaign. On 13 April 1940 the ship arrived at Tórshavn to commence the British occupation of the Faroe Islands. On 14 April 1940 ''Suffolk'' sank the German tanker north-west of Bodø, Norway. On 17 April 1940, ''Suffolk'' and four destroyers, , , and , were sent to bombard the airfield at Sola, Norway. The operation had little effect and the retaliation from German bombers severely damaged the aft of the ship, forcing her to return to Scapa Flow. ''Suffolk'' was out of action from April 1940 until February 1941 while she was repaired at the Clyde. The ship was part of the 4th Cruiser Squadron.

Battle of the Denmark Strait

During May 1941 ''Suffolk'' was involved in the Battle of the Denmark Strait and the sinking of the . ''Suffolk'' had engaged the battleship twice during the battle, firing several salvoes on her. Using her radar, ''Suffolk'' was able to track the ''Bismarck'' through the Denmark Strait and maintained contact long enough for other units to vector into ''Bismarck''s path. During the battle the battlecruiser ''Hood'' was sunk with heavy loss of life and the battleship ''Prince of Wales'' was damaged and forced to retreat. Afterwards, ''Bismarck'' was shadowed from a distance by ''Suffolk'', ''Norfolk'' and the damaged ''Prince of Wales'' by using the cruisers radar equipment, but ''Bismarck'' managed to elude the ships which had been shadowing her by making a 270° turn behind their wakes. As ''Bismarck'' was losing oil, her captain Ernst Lindemann decided to attempt to reach Brest, France for repairs but was sighted by an RAF Catalina, damaged by torpedo bombers sent from the aircraft carrier Ark Royal and eventually sunk after a punishing near 100-minute long bombardment from the battleships HMS King George V and HMS Rodney which were supported by the heavy cruisers Norfolk and Dorsetshire.

Later career

After her repairs ''Suffolk'' served with the Home Fleet in Arctic waters until the end of 1942, then underwent a refit between December 1942 and April 1943 when "X" turret was removed and replaced with additional AA guns. On completion of this the ship was ordered to the Eastern Fleet, operating in the Indian Ocean until the end of the war.

From 26 August 1945 ''Suffolk'' was used to transport military and civilian personnel from Australia, and the Far East, back to the UK. On her return ''Suffolk'' underwent repairs at Chatham Dockyard between November 1945 and January 1946. On completion she sailed to Australia again, returning in April 1946. Her final voyage was to Singapore arriving there in May, and returning in July 1946.

In the summer of 1946 she was placed in unmaintained reserve until 1948. With the post-war economic difficulties of Britain hitting hard in 1947–1948 the reserve fleet was quickly sold off, and ''Suffolk'' was decommissioned and allocated to BISCO on 25 March 1948. She was towed to J Cashmore's (Newport, Wales) where she arrived on 24 June 1948 and scrapping began immediately.

Notes

References

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External links

HMS Suffolk at U-boat.net

{{DEFAULTSORT:Suffolk
Kent-class cruisers
County-class cruisers of the Royal Navy
Ships built in Portsmouth
1926 ships
World War II cruisers of the United Kingdom