HMS Speedwell (1815)

HMS ''Speedwell'' was the mercantile ''Royal George'', which the Royal Navy purchased in 1815 and converted to a 5-gun schooner. During her career in the West Indies, she helped capture or destroy a number of pirate vessels, and capture several slave ships transporting enslaved people. The Royal Navy sold her at Jamaica in 1834.
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Career

After her purchase, the Navy spent between 26 August 1815 and 22 March 1816 fitting ''Speedwell'' at Sheerness for eventual service as a tender to the flagship in the West Indies. She did sail to the Jamaica Station almost immediately; already on 13 October 1816 the "tender Speedwell" arrived off "Yallaha" as two "Carthaginian" pirate vessels, one a large schooner, were firing on the ''Betsey'' as she was sailing to Santa Martha. At ''Speedwell''s arrival on the scene the two privateers broke off their attack and sailed away.

There are also records of ''Speedwell'' being on the Jamaica station in 1820 and 1825. In between she worked to suppress piracy, in concert with the United States Revenue Cutter Service.

served in the expedition that included the Revenue Marine schooner and the British schooner ''Speedwell''. The trio broke up a pirate establishment at Bahia Honda Key on 28–30 September capturing four vessels. They burnt two and sent the others with prize crews to New Orleans. Eighteen of the captured pirate crew members were sent to New Orleans for trial.King, P 71Record of Movements, p 77

In an action on 2 November 1822, ''Peacock'' and ''Speedwell'', together with USRC ''Alabama'', engaged pirates, which resulted in the taking of five pirate ships.

In connection with one or the other of these actions Lieutenant William Geary of ''Speedwell'' discovered bills of lading and coffee bags from , which pirates had captured and looted some weeks earlier.

''Speedwell'' was acting as a tender to the frigate ''Sybille'', and under the command of Lieutenant W.H.Geary. ''Speedwell'' shared with the frigate in the capture of two pirate schooners on 5 November, ''Union'' and ''Constantia'' (alias ''Esperanza''), and in the destruction of ''Hawke'' and ''Paz''.

Between 24 March and 24 May 1824, the frigate , Captain George Harris, and ''Speedwell'', with in company, destroyed a pirate felucca at the Isle of Pines, Cuba, and captured her crew.

One of these incidents may be the source of the following anecdote. In his confessions before being executed on 11 January 1830 in the military fortress at La Puerta de Terra, San Fernando, a few miles south of Cadiz, the pirate Nicholas Fernandez, recalled an incident:-
"We arrived at the coast of Cuba and learned that His Majesty's schooner ''Speedwell'', accompanied by several barges from other vessels of war, was engaged in securing a key near Cayo Romano off the north Coast of Cuba where a number of pirates had secreted themselves in the woods. Some small craft which the pirates used in other cruises, were captured by the barges ... it was expected the pirates would be hunted from their lurking places."

Then on 31 January 1825, ''Speedwell'' seized the schooner ''James''. Unfortunately, the prize money notice does not give the reason.

Lieutenant James Cooper Bennett, who had commanded , commanded ''Speedwell'' on 5 March 1826 when she captured the slave ship ''Orestes'', and thereby freed 238 captives. ''Orestes'' had grounded near Grass-cut Cay on the Grand Bahama Banks (). The crew had taken refuge on one of the Cays, leaving their cptives for several days without food or water. Bennett was unable to get the ship afloat and so took the freed captives aboard ''Speedwell'', as well as the master of ''Orestes'', Don Jose Ramon Munio (or Mutio), the mate, and a passenger. During the voyage to Havana, Don Munio died, as did 26 enslaved people. ''Speedwell'' was able to land 212 enslaved people. ''Orestes'' had loaded 285 enslaved people on 19 January; in all over a quarter of the enslaved people she had loaded had died.

It is not clear that the Navy formally commissioned ''Speedwell'' before 14 April 1826, when Lieutenant Justus Oxenham commissioned her. Lieutenant B. Hutchings took command in August 1828. Lieutenant James Hookey replaced Hutchings in June 1829, and Lieutenant William Warren replace Hookey on 31 August.

On 15 October 1831 ''Speedwell'' stopped briefly at Havana. There she reported that she had boarded a slave ship off Trinidad, on the coast of Cuba. However, the ship was sailing under a French flag and so ''Speedwell'' had to let her proceed as ''Speedwell'' was not authorized to detain French vessels transporting enslaved people.

In 1832, ''Speedwell'' captured three ships transporting enslaved people:

;Enslaved people rescued

''Speedwell'' captured ''Planeta'' a few miles south of the Isle of Pines. ''Planeta'', Salvador Feliu, master, had gathered enslaved people along the "River Cameroons" on the Calabar Coast. The British and Spanish Mixed Court of Justice, at Havannah, condemned ''Planeta'' on 26 April.

The capture of ''Aquila'' took place a few miles east of the Isle of Pines. Under the command of Juan Ferrer y Roig, master, she too had acquired enslaved people on the Calabar Coast. ''Aquila'' was substantially larger than ''Speedwell'', and had a crew of 70 men. ''Aquila'' fought for an hour before she surrendered. The court in Havannah condemned her on 18 June.

On 25 June ''Speedwell'' detained ''Indagadera'' a few miles east. She was under the command of her mate, Bartolomé Alemany, her original master, Ramon Casal, having died during the voyage. She had acquired enslaved people from Onis, Rio Lagos. On 1 July two men rowed a boat to ''Indagadera'' while she lay in Havannah harbour. They intended to free Alemany, and her boatswain and steward, who were still on board. However, ''Speedwell''s crew were alert; they captured the two men and handed them over to the Spanish admiral of the port. The court condemned ''Indagadera'' on 9 July.

These three captures resulted in Warren's promotion to Commander.Clowes ''et al.'' (1901), Vol. 6, p.272.

Fate

In January 1834 the Navy sold ''Speedwell'' at Jamaica for £344 10 s.

Notes

Citations

References

*''British and Foreign State Papers'' (1847), Volume 22, Part 1. (Great Britain: Foreign Office).
*Clowes, W. Laird, et al. (1897-1903) ''The royal navy: a history from the earliest times to the present''. (Boston: Little, Brown and Co.; London: S. Low, Marston and Co.).
*
* ''State Papers: Correspondence with the British Commissioners at Sierra Leone, The Havannah, Rio de Janeiro, and Surinam concerning the Slave Trade, 1826-27''. (1827).
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Speedwell (1815)
Schooners of the Royal Navy
Atlantic slave trade
Merchant ships of the United Kingdom
1810s ships
Ships involved in anti-piracy efforts