HMS Lively (1756)

HMS ''Lively'' was a 20-gun post ship of the Royal Navy, launched in 1756. During the Seven Years' War she captured several vessels, most notably the French corvette ''Valeur'' in 1760. She then served during the American Revolutionary War, where she helped initiate the Battle of Bunker Hill. The French captured her in 1778, but the British recaptured her in 1781. She was sold in 1784.

Seven Years' War

''Lively'' was commissioned in July 1756 under Captain Francis Wyatt. In November 1756 she captured the French privateer ''Intrépide'', of Nantes, and her prize, ''Charming Molly'', which had been sailing from Malaga to Bristol. ''Intrépide'' was armed with eight guns and 10 swivel guns, and had a crew of 75 men. ''Lively'' brought the two vessels into Plymouth. Around this time she also recaptured the merchant vessel ''Pike'', of Liverpool.

''Lively'' sailed for Jamaica on 31 January 1757. In March 1759 she was under the command of Captain Frederick Maitland, at Jamaica.

On 17 October 1760 she was with and when they intercepted five French vessels in the Windward Passage. The French vessels had sailed from Cape Francois and were carrying sugar and indigo.

The next day ''Lively'', using her sweeps, caught up with the sternmost enemy vessel, the French 20-gun corvette ''Valeur''. ''Valeur'' had a crew of 160 men under the command of a Captain Talbot. In the hour-and-a-half fight before ''Valeur'' struck, ''Lively'' had two men killed but no wounded; ''Valeur'' had 38 killed and 25 wounded, including her captain, master, and boatswain. At the same time, ''Boreas'' captured ''Sirenne'', and ''Hampshire'' chased the merchant frigate ''Prince Edward'' on shore where her crew set fire to her, causing her to blow up.

The day after that, on 19 October, ''Hampshire'', with ''Lively'' and ''Valeur'', cornered the French frigate ''Fleur de Lis'' in Freshwater Bay, a little to leeward of Port-de-Paix; her crew too set her on fire. The merchant frigate ''Duc de Choiseul'', of 32 guns and 180 men under the command of Captain Bellevan, escaped into Port-de-Paix.

In March 1762 Captain J. Jorer took command of ''Lively'' from Maitland. Captain Keith Stewart replaced Jorer later that year, and cruised her in home waters. In June 1763 he sailed her to the Mediterranean and remained in command into 1764.

In April 1769 Captain Robert Fanshawe recommissioned ''Lively'' for the Channel. Fanshawe apparently commanded her through 1770, and in 1771 was superseded by Captain G. Talbot. In early 1771 ''Lively'' served at Plymouth as the flagship of Admiral Richard Spry. Then on 18 June 1771 Talbot sailed her to North America. In 1773 Captain William Peere Williams took command of ''Lively'' on 11 October 1773, sailing her back to Britain and paying her off in December. Captain Thomas Bishop recommissioned ''Lively'' in January 1774. On 16 April he sailed her for North America. She was in the area of Salem & Marblehead, Mass. on 1 January 1775.

American Revolutionary War

On 13 May 1774, ''Lively'' arrived in Boston. She brought with her General Thomas Gage, commissioned as governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay. ''Lively'' was part of the British fleet that blockaded the port of Boston to enforce the Boston Port Act, a punishment of that city for the Boston Tea Party. On 22 March 1775 she seized a schooner off Cape Ann for violation of the Acts of Trade. Following the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in April 1775, she remained part of the British presence during the Siege of Boston. On 6 May 1775 she seized $23,000 from a ship at Marblehead, Massachusetts, that had salvaged the money from a dismasted Spanish ship on the Grand Banks after rescuing her crew. She was the first ship to fire at the fortifications the American colonial militia had erected, helping to spark the Battle of Bunker Hill.

In 1776 she cruised off Marblehead. She captured a number of vessels off Cape Ann: in February the schooner ''Tartar''; in May an unknown sloop (unknown because the crew abandoned her and fled, taking all her papers with them); on 26 June, ''Lively'', and took the schooner ''Lydia'', bound for the West Indies. The Vice-Admiralty Court at Halifax, Nova Scotia, ruled all three to be prizes.

''Lively'' also escorted the victualler ''Levant'' to New York, Delaware, Cape Fear and St. Augustine.

Capture and re-capture

In March 1777 Captain Robert Biggs recommissioned ''Lively''. On 10 July 1778 ''Lively'', having escorted an ordnance sloop to Guernsey, then proceeded to sail to meet Admiral Keppel's fleet off Ushant. In the morning, as the fog lifted, she found herself near the French fleet, under Louis Guillouet, comte d'Orvilliers. The French cutter ''Curieuse'', of 10 guns and under the command of Captain Trolong du Rumain, chased ''Lively'' and ordered her to lie to, which order Biggs declined. However, the 32-gun ''Iphigénie'', Captain Kersaint de Coëtnempren, came up and ordered Biggs to sail ''Lively'' to the French admiral. Biggs was still arguing when ''Iphigénie'' fired a broadside. The broadside killed 12 British sailors; thereupon, Biggs struck.

The French Navy took ''Lively'' into service. In January–February 1779 she was part of a squadron, together with ''Résolue'', under Admiral Vaudreuil, that captured Fort St Louis in Senegal from the British. The troops were under the command of the Duc de Lauzun.

''Lively'' then sailed to the Caribbean. In June 1779 she was the lead ship in a small flotilla sent from Martinique to capture British-controlled Saint Vincent.

On 29 July 1781, Captain Skeffington Lutwidge's ''Perseverance'' recaptured ''Lively'', which was under the command of Lieutenant de Breignon. ''Lively'' put up a short, desperate defense during which she had six men killed and 10 wounded, one of whom died later. ''Lively'' was on her return from Cayenne, had been at sea for 53 days, and ten days earlier had captured ''Rosemount'' and ''Katherine'', which had been sailing from Cork. In capturing ''Lively'', ''Perseverance'' recaptured the two brigs. ''Lively'' had also been in company with the corvette ''Hirondelle'', which however escaped. Thirty-two vessels of the British fleet shared the prize money, which was declared on 17 August 1782.

By September 1781 ''Lively'' was off Sandy Hook, with Admiral Robert Digby's squadron. By 14 November ''Lively'', under Captain Manley, had returned to Britain with dispatches from Rear-Admiral Thomas Graves.

On 3 October 1782, ''Lively'' captured the sloop ''Charles'', laden with stock and sailing to Turks Island.

Fate

She was sold in March 1784.

Citations

References

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* Clowes, Sir William Laird, Sir Clements R. Markham, A T Mahan, Herbert Wrigley Wilson, Theodore Roosevelt, L. G. Carr Laughton (1897–1903) ''The Royal Navy: a history from the earliest times to the present''. (Boston: Little, Brown and Co.).
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Lively (1756)
Post ships of the Royal Navy
1756 ships
Ships built on the River Hamble