HMS Discovery (1874)

HMS ''Discovery'' was a wood-hulled screw expedition ship, and later storeship, formerly the sealing ship ''Bloodhound'' built in 1873 in Dundee. She was purchased in 1874 for the British Arctic Expedition of 1875–1876 and later served as a store ship. ''Discovery'' was sold in 1902, reverting to the name ''Bloodhound'' and her previous sealing trade. The ship was wrecked in Newfoundland in 1917.

Design and Construction

The steam barque ''Bloodhound'' was built as Yard No.53 in their Panmure shipyard at Dundee by Alexander Stephen & Sons for Newfoundland sealing operations. She was launched on 2 August 1872 and completed in March 1873. She measured and , and was in length, beam and depth. The ship was rigged as a 3-masted barque and her Greenock Foundry Company auxiliary compound steam engine generated 312 indicated horsepower and drove a single screw propeller.

Newfoundland sealing

''Bloodhound'' was launched for Bain & Johnston of Greenock, whose previous ''Bloodhound'' had recently been lost near Labrador in the ice in April 1872. She was registered on 12 March 1873 at St John's, Newfoundland in the ownership of Walter B. Grieve of that port.

Royal Navy

British Arctic Expedition

In 1874, the Admiralty were seeking a suitable exploration vessel for the 1875 British Arctic Expedition, and considered ''Bloodhound'' ideally suited. She was purchased on 5 December 1874 and converted for exploration, commissioning as HMS ''Discovery'' on 13 April 1875.
Captain George Strong Nares was placed in command of the 1875 British Arctic Expedition, which aimed to reach the North Pole via Smith Sound, the sea passage between Greenland and Canada's northernmost island, Ellesmere Island. Contemporary geographers proposed that there could be an Open Polar Sea, and that if the thick layer of ice surrounding it were overcome, access to the North Pole by sea might be possible. Ever since Edward Augustus Inglefield had penetrated Smith Sound in 1852, it had been a likely route to the North. Nares commanded the converted sloop HMS ''Alert'', and with him went ''Discovery'', commanded by Captain Henry Frederick Stephenson. HMS ''Valorous'' carried extra stores and accompanied the expedition as far as Godhavn.

Despite finding heavier-than-expected ice, the expedition pressed on. Leaving ''Discovery'' to winter at Lady Franklin Bay, ''Alert'' carried on a further through the Robeson Channel, establishing her winter quarters at Floeberg Beach. Spring 1876 saw considerable activity by sledge charting the coasts of Ellesmere Island and Greenland, but scurvy had begun to take hold, with ''Alert'' suffering the greatest burden. On 3 April, the second-in-command of ''Alert'', Albert Hastings Markham, took a party north to attempt the Pole. By 11 May, having made slow progress, they reached their greatest latitude at 83° 20' 26"N. Suffering from snow blindness, scurvy and exhaustion, they turned back.

The expedition returned to the UK in Autumn 1876 and was well rewarded; Nares was knighted, Markham was promoted to captain. The geography of northern Canada and Greenland is littered with the names of those connected with the expedition; Cape Discovery () on the northern edge of Ellesmere Island is named for the ship.

Storeship at Portsmouth

The ''Discovery'' saw no further seagoing service after her return from the Arctic. She was employed as a storeship in Portsmouth Harbour from 1880, probably up until the time of her final disposal.

Disposal

''Discovery'' was sold to D Murray in February 1902.

Legacy

The 1901 research vessel, built for the British National Antarctic Expedition (1901–1904), incorporated many of the features of ''Discovery'', as well as taking her name. RRS ''Discovery'' was commanded by Robert Falcon Scott and took part in the Discovery Investigations from 1924 to 1931. She is now on permanent display at Dundee.

Subsequent Royal Research Ships, launched in 1929 and 1962, have also borne the name, as has Space Shuttle ''Discovery''.

Bibliography

* ''Narrative of a voyage to the Polar Sea during 1875–76 in H.M. ships ‘Alert’ and ‘Discovery’'', by Captain George Strong Nares, in two volumes, London 1878; online boo
Volume 1

Volume 2

References

External links

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Discovery (1874)
1872 ships
Arctic exploration vessels
Ships built in Dundee
Survey vessels of the Royal Navy
Victorian-era auxiliary ships of the United Kingdom