HAMMER2
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HAMMER2 is a successor to the
HAMMER A hammer is a tool, most often a hand tool, consisting of a weighted "head" fixed to a long handle that is swung to deliver an impact to a small area of an object. This can be, for example, to drive nail (fastener), nails into wood, to sh ...
filesystem, redesigned from the ground up to support enhanced clustering. HAMMER2 supports online and batched deduplication,
snapshots Snapshot, snapshots or snap shot may refer to: * Snapshot (photography), a photograph taken without preparation Computing * Snapshot (computer storage), the state of a system at a particular point in time * Snapshot (file format) or SNP, a file ...
, directory entry indexing, multiple mountable filesystem roots, mountable snapshots, a low
memory footprint Memory footprint refers to the amount of main memory that a program uses or references while running. The word footprint generally refers to the extent of physical dimensions that an object occupies, giving a sense of its size. In computing, t ...
,
compression Compression may refer to: Physical science *Compression (physics), size reduction due to forces *Compression member, a structural element such as a column *Compressibility, susceptibility to compression * Gas compression *Compression ratio, of a ...
,
encryption In Cryptography law, cryptography, encryption (more specifically, Code, encoding) is the process of transforming information in a way that, ideally, only authorized parties can decode. This process converts the original representation of the inf ...
, zero-detection, data and metadata
checksum A checksum is a small-sized block of data derived from another block of digital data for the purpose of detecting errors that may have been introduced during its transmission or storage. By themselves, checksums are often used to verify dat ...
ming, and
synchronization Synchronization is the coordination of events to operate a system in unison. For example, the Conductor (music), conductor of an orchestra keeps the orchestra synchronized or ''in time''. Systems that operate with all parts in synchrony are sa ...
to other filesystems or nodes. It lacks support for
extended file attributes Extended file attributes are file system features that enable users to associate computer files with metadata not interpreted by the filesystem, whereas regular attributes have a purpose strictly defined by the filesystem (such as permissions or ...
("xattr").


History

The HAMMER2 file system was conceived by Matthew Dillon, who initially planned to bring it up to minimal working state by July 2012 and ship the final version in 2013. During Google Summer of Code 2013 Daniel Flores implemented
compression Compression may refer to: Physical science *Compression (physics), size reduction due to forces *Compression member, a structural element such as a column *Compressibility, susceptibility to compression * Gas compression *Compression ratio, of a ...
in HAMMER2 using LZ4 and
zlib zlib ( or "zeta-lib", ) is a software library used for data compression as well as a data format. zlib was written by Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler and is an abstraction of the DEFLATE compression algorithm used in their gzip file compre ...
algorithms. On June 4, 2014,
DragonFly A dragonfly is a flying insect belonging to the infraorder Anisoptera below the order Odonata. About 3,000 extant species of dragonflies are known. Most are tropical, with fewer species in temperate regions. Loss of wetland habitat threat ...
3.8.0 was released featuring support for HAMMER2, although the file system was said to be not ready for use. On October 16, 2017, DragonFly 5.0 was released with
bootable In computing, booting is the process of starting a computer as initiated via hardware such as a physical button on the computer or by a software command. After it is switched on, a computer's central processing unit (CPU) has no software in ...
support for HAMMER2, though file-system status was marked as experimental. HAMMER2 had a long incubation and development period before it officially entered production in April 2018, as the recommended root filesystem in the Dragonfly BSD 5.2 release. Dillon continues to actively develop and maintain HAMMER2 as of June 2020.


See also

*
Comparison of file systems The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of file systems. General information Metadata All widely used file systems record a last modified time stamp (also known as "mtime"). It is not included i ...
*
List of file systems The following lists identify, characterize, and link to more thorough information on file systems. Many older operating systems support only their one "native" file system, which does not bear any name apart from the name of the operating system i ...
*
ZFS ZFS (previously Zettabyte File System) is a file system with Volume manager, volume management capabilities. It began as part of the Sun Microsystems Solaris (operating system), Solaris operating system in 2001. Large parts of Solaris, includin ...
*
Btrfs Btrfs (pronounced as "better F S", "butter F S", "b-tree F S", or "B.T.R.F.S.") is a computer storage format that combines a file system based on the copy-on-write (COW) principle with a logical volume manager (distinct from Linux's LVM), d ...
*
OpenZFS OpenZFS is an open-source implementation of the ZFS file system and volume manager initially developed by Sun Microsystems for the Solaris operating system, and is now maintained by the OpenZFS Project. Similar to the original ZFS, the impleme ...


References


External links

* {{File systems , state=expanded DragonFly BSD Distributed file systems 2014 software