The Upper Silesian Industrial Region (, , Polish abbreviation: ''GOP'' ; ) is a large

industrial region {{Unreferenced, date=October 2010 An industrial region or industrial area is a geographical region with extremely dense industry. It is usually heavily urbanized. Brazil * ABCD Region, sometimes called ABC (ABC paulista or Região do Grande AB ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

."''Górnośląski Okręg Przemysłowy''"
-

PWN Leet (or "1337"), also known as eleet or leetspeak, or simply hacker speech, is a system of modified spellings used primarily on the Internet. It often uses character replacements in ways that play on the similarity of their glyphs via refle ...

Encyclopedia It lies mainly in the

Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship ( ) is an administrative province in southern Poland. With over 4.2 million residents and an area of 12,300 square kilometers, it is the second-most populous, and the most-densely populated and most-urbanized region of Poland ...

, centered on

Katowice Katowice (, ) is the capital city of the Silesian Voivodeship in southern Poland and the central city of the Katowice urban area. As of 2021, Katowice has an official population of 286,960, and a resident population estimate of around 315,000. K ...

. It is situated in the northern part of

Upper Silesian Coal Basin The Upper Silesian Coal Basin (''USCB''; , ) is a coal basin in Silesia, in Poland and the Czech Republic.Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area The Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan areaBrookings Institutionbr>Redefining global cities: The seven types of global metro economies(2016), p. 16. European Spatial Planning Observation Network (ESPON"''Metroborder: Cross-border Polycentric Metropol ...

). In the south-west it borders the

Rybnik Coal Area The Rybnik Coal Area (, ''ROW'') is an industrial region in southern Poland."''Rybnicki Okręg W� ...

(Polish: ''Rybnicki Okręg Węglowy'', ROW). Covers 3,200 km² and about 3.5 million people. The Upper Silesian Industrial Region is located in the province of

Upper Silesia Upper Silesia ( ; ; ; ; Silesian German: ; ) is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia, located today mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic. The area is predominantly known for its heav ...

and

Zagłębie Dąbrowskie Zagłębie in Polish means coalfield. It can refer to: * Górnośląskie Zagłębie Węglowe, a mining region * Zagłębie Dąbrowskie, a mining region * Zagłębie Sosnowiec, an association football club * Zagłębie Lubin, an association footbal ...

in southern Poland in a basin between the

Vistula The Vistula (; ) is the longest river in Poland and the ninth-longest in Europe, at in length. Its drainage basin, extending into three other countries apart from Poland, covers , of which is in Poland. The Vistula rises at Barania Góra i ...

and

Oder The Oder ( ; Czech and ) is a river in Central Europe. It is Poland's second-longest river and third-longest within its borders after the Vistula and its largest tributary the Warta. The Oder rises in the Czech Republic and flows through wes ...

rivers. Upper Silesian Industrial Region is an area with enormous concentration of industry. Dominates here: * Mining industry (more than a dozen active coal mines, mainly as Katowicki Holding Węglowy,

Kompania Węglowa Kompania Węglowa S.A. is the largest coal mining company in Poland and in Europe, producing around 48 million tonnes of coal every year from 23 mines. History On July 12, 1990, the State Coal Agency Joint Stock Company was established from ...

, JSW, Węglokoks) * Iron and steel industry (more than a dozen active iron and nonferrous metals) * Transport industry (example

General Motors General Motors Company (GM) is an American Multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Detroit, Michigan, United States. The company is most known for owning and manufacturing f ...

Manufacturing Poland and Fiat Auto Poland,

Alstom Alstom SA () is a French multinational rolling stock manufacturer which operates worldwide in rail transport markets. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, signaling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional ...

Konstal Alstom Konstal is a company based in Chorzów, Poland producing rail vehicles, in particular metro cars and trams, as well as components for trains. In 1864, the plant was founded as part of the Royal Steelworks in Chorzów and in 1917, it was ...

Bumar-Łabędy Bumar-Łabędy is a Polish manufacturer of military vehicles and Heavy equipment, construction equipment, based in Gliwice, Upper Silesia. It is a division of the Polish Armaments Group. History Zakłady Mechaniczne "BUMAR-ŁABĘDY" S.A. based in ...

) * The

energy industry The energy industry refers to all of the industries involved in the production and sale of energy, including fuel extraction, manufacturing, oil refinery, refining and distribution. Modern society consumes large amounts of fuel, and the energy in ...

(more than a dozen plants) * Mechanical engineering * Chemical industry

References

Literature

"''Katowice i Górnośląski Okręg Przemysłowy''"
- Krystyna Szaraniec & Lech Szaraniec & Karol Szarowski, Katowickie Towarzystwo Społeczno-Kulturalne, Katowice 1980 * "''Górnośląski Okręg Przemysłowy: liczby, fakty, problemy''" - Marek Grabania, Wydawnictwo Śląsk, Katowice 1964 * "''Górnośląski Okręg Przemysłowy w świetle nowych opracowań zachodnioniemieckich''" - Marian Frank,

Silesian Institute in Katowice The Silesian Institute in Katowice () was a regional scientific organization collecting local information about the Polish region of Silesia, working in Katowice from 1934 to 1939 and 1945 to 1949, and during the Nazi occupation of Poland during ...

, Katowice 1960 {{Authority control Silesian Voivodeship Economy of Poland

See also

References

Literature