genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...
fungi
A fungus (plural, : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of Eukaryote, eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and Mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified ...
in the family
Roccellaceae
The Roccellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Arthoniomycetes. Most taxa are lichenized with green algae, although some are lichenicolous, growing on other lichens.
Genera
, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 47 genera ...
. The genus was
circumscribed
In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius.
Not every po ...
in 2014 by Damien Ernst and Anders Tehler, with ''Gyrographa gyrocarpa'' assigned as the
type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen( ...
Opegrapha
''Opegrapha'' is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Opegraphaceae
''Opegraphaceae'' is a family of lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi in the order Arthoniales. It was originally proposed by German lichenologist Ernst Stizenberger i ...
''. Species in the genus have a
crustose
Crustose is a habit of some types of algae and lichens in which the organism grows tightly appressed to a substrate, forming a biological layer. ''Crustose'' adheres very closely to the substrates at all points. ''Crustose'' is found on rocks a ...
prothallus
A prothallus, or prothallium, (from Latin ''pro'' = forwards and Greek ''θαλλος'' (''thallos'') = twig) is usually the gametophyte stage in the life of a fern or other pteridophyte. Occasionally the term is also used to describe the young ...
. The
photobiont
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.trentepholioid. The is thick and carbonised, and the
ascospore
An ascus (; ) is the sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi. Each ascus usually contains eight ascospores (or octad), produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division. However, asci in some genera o ...
s lack a gelatinous sheath; these characteristics distinguish it from ''
Opegrapha
''Opegrapha'' is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Opegraphaceae
''Opegraphaceae'' is a family of lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi in the order Arthoniales. It was originally proposed by German lichenologist Ernst Stizenberger i ...
'' species. The genus name alludes to the
ascomata
An ascocarp, or ascoma (), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascocarps are mo ...
of the type species.
Species
* ''
Gyrographa fecunda
''Gyrographa'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Roccellaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 2014 by Damien Ernst and Anders Tehler, with ''Gyrographa gyrocarpa'' assigned as the type species. This lichen, originally described b ...
'' – Australia
* ''
Gyrographa gyrocarpa
''Gyrographa'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Roccellaceae. The genus was circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed in 2014 by Damien Ernst and Anders Tehler, with ''Gyrographa gyrocarpa'' assigned as the type species. This lich ...
''
* ''
Gyrographa nigrofusca
''Gyrographa'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Roccellaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 2014 by Damien Ernst and Anders Tehler, with ''Gyrographa gyrocarpa'' assigned as the type species. This lichen, originally described b ...
'' – India
* ''
Gyrographa saxigena
''Gyrographa'' is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Roccellaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 2014 by Damien Ernst and Anders Tehler, with ''Gyrographa gyrocarpa'' assigned as the type species. This lichen, originally described b ...