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''Gyraulus'' is a
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of small, mostly air-breathing,
freshwater snail Freshwater snails are gastropod mollusks that live in fresh water. There are many different families. They are found throughout the world in various habitats, ranging from ephemeral pools to the largest lakes, and from small seeps and springs t ...
s,
aquatic Aquatic means relating to water; living in or near water or taking place in water; does not include groundwater, as "aquatic" implies an environment where plants and animals live. Aquatic(s) may also refer to: * Aquatic animal, either vertebrate ...
pulmonate Pulmonata or pulmonates is an informal group (previously an order, and before that, a subclass) of snails and slugs characterized by the ability to breathe air, by virtue of having a pallial lung instead of a gill, or gills. The group inclu ...
gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s in the family Planorbidae, the
ram Ram, ram, or RAM most commonly refers to: * A male sheep * Random-access memory, computer memory * Ram Trucks, US, since 2009 ** List of vehicles named Dodge Ram, trucks and vans ** Ram Pickup, produced by Ram Trucks Ram, ram, or RAM may also ref ...
's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early
Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 143.1 to 66 mya (unit), million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era (geology), Era, as well as the longest. At around 77.1 million years, it is the ...
to the present. Fossils attributed to ''Gyraulus'' sp. have been found in the lakebottom sediments of the
Yixian Formation The Yixian Formation (; formerly Romanization of Chinese, transcribed as Yihsien Formation or Yixiang Formation) is a geological formation in Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, that spans the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous. I ...
in China, dating to 125 million years ago.Pan, H. and Zhu, X. (2007). "Early Cretaceous non-marine gastropods from the Xiazhuang Formation in North China." ''Cretaceous Research'', 28(2): 215-224.


Description

Shells of the species within this genus are small, and are mostly almost planispiral in their coiling.


Distribution and habitat

The distribution of this genus is
Holarctic The Holarctic realm is a biogeographic realm that comprises the majority of habitats found throughout the continents in the Northern Hemisphere. It corresponds to the floristic Boreal Kingdom. It includes both the Nearctic zoogeographical reg ...
. These snail snails live on water plants in freshwater.


Species

The following species are recognised in the genus ''Gyraulus'': *'' Gyraulus acronicus'' *†'' Gyraulus aegaeus'' *†''
Gyraulus albertanus ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *'' Gyraulus albidus'' *''
Gyraulus albus ''Gyraulus albus'', common name white ramshorn, is a small species of freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. ''Gyraulus albus'' is the type species of the genus ''Gyraulus''. ...
'' *†'' Gyraulus alienus'' *'' Gyraulus amplificatus'' *''
Gyraulus amuricus ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *†''
Gyraulus andrussovi ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *†''
Gyraulus antunesi ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *†''
Gyraulus applanatus ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *''
Gyraulus argaeicus ''Gyraulus argaeicus'' is a species of small freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram Ram, ram, or RAM most commonly refers to: * A male sheep * Random-access memory, computer memory * Ram Tru ...
'' *†''
Gyraulus arminiensis ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *''
Gyraulus associatus ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *''
Gyraulus atkinsoni ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *†''
Gyraulus austroalpinus ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *†''
Gyraulus bachmayeri ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *''
Gyraulus bakeri ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *†''
Gyraulus bakonicus ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *†'' Gyraulus balmensis'' *'' Gyraulus balteatus'' *'' Gyraulus bekaensis'' *†'' Gyraulus bigueti'' *'' Gyraulus biwaensis'' *†'' Gyraulus blazkai'' *†'' Gyraulus bondartchuki'' *'' Gyraulus borealis'' *†'' Gyraulus bosqueti'' *†'' Gyraulus brlici'' *'' Gyraulus brongersmai'' *†'' Gyraulus brusinai'' *†'' Gyraulus calamensis'' *'' Gyraulus centrifugops'' *'' Gyraulus centrifugus'' *†'' Gyraulus ceratioides'' *†'' Gyraulus chaenostomus'' *†'' Gyraulus chapmani'' *'' Gyraulus chinensis'' *'' Gyraulus circumstriatus'' *'' Gyraulus clymene'' *'' Gyraulus cockburni'' *†'' Gyraulus connivens'' *'' Gyraulus connollyi'' *†'' Gyraulus constans'' *'' Gyraulus convexiusculus'' *'' Gyraulus cordatus'' *'' Gyraulus corinna'' *†'' Gyraulus costatus'' *'' Gyraulus costulatus'' *†'' Gyraulus courpoilensis'' *'' Gyraulus crenophilus'' *†'' Gyraulus crescens'' *†'' Gyraulus cryptornatus'' *†'' Gyraulus dalmaticus'' *†'' Gyraulus dealbatus'' *'' Gyraulus deflectus'' *†'' Gyraulus deflexus'' *'' Gyraulus demissus'' *†'' Gyraulus denudatus'' *†'' Gyraulus dimitrovici'' *†'' Gyraulus distortus'' *†'' Gyraulus dongcunensis'' *†'' Gyraulus dongcunensis'' *†'' Gyraulus doricus'' *†'' Gyraulus doseni'' *†'' Gyraulus douvillei'' *'' Gyraulus edgbastonensis'' *†'' Gyraulus edlaueri'' *'' Gyraulus egirdirensis'' *'' Gyraulus ehrenbergi'' *'' Gyraulus eichwaldi'' *'' Gyraulus elenae'' *†'' Gyraulus elisus'' *'' Gyraulus essingtonensis'' *'' Gyraulus eugyne'' *'' Gyraulus euphraticus'' *'' Gyraulus feuerborni'' *†'' Gyraulus florissantensis'' *'' Gyraulus fontinalis'' *†'' Gyraulus formosus'' *†''
Gyraulus fragilis ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *'' Gyraulus frigidarius'' *†'' Gyraulus fuchsi'' *†'' Gyraulus gaoyouensis'' *†'' Gyraulus geminus'' *'' Gyraulus gilberti'' *†'' Gyraulus gladilini'' *†''
Gyraulus globosus ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, Aquatic animal, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the sheep, ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to ...
'' *†''
Gyraulus goetzendorfensis ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *†'' Gyraulus goussardianus'' *†'' Gyraulus gracilis'' *'' Gyraulus hebraicus'' *†'' Gyraulus helicophantoides'' *'' Gyraulus hesperus'' *†'' Gyraulus hians'' *'' Gyraulus hiemantium'' *'' Gyraulus hindsianus'' *†'' Gyraulus hoernesi'' *†'' Gyraulus homalosomus'' *'' Gyraulus homsensis'' *†'' Gyraulus horasanensis'' *'' Gyraulus hornensis'' *'' Gyraulus hubendicki'' *†'' Gyraulus huguenini'' *'' Gyraulus huronensis'' *'' Gyraulus huwaizahensis'' *†'' Gyraulus ignoratus'' *'' Gyraulus illibatus'' *'' Gyraulus infirmus'' *'' Gyraulus infraliratus'' *†'' Gyraulus inopinatus'' *†'' Gyraulus inornatus'' *'' Gyraulus ioanis'' *'' Gyraulus isingi'' *'' Gyraulus iwaotakii'' *'' Gyraulus janinensis'' *†'' Gyraulus jugleri'' *†'' Gyraulus jukici'' *†'' Gyraulus jurkovici'' *'' Gyraulus kahuica'' *†'' Gyraulus katurici'' *†'' Gyraulus keideli'' *†'' Gyraulus kleini'' *'' Gyraulus kosiensis'' *†'' Gyraulus kosovensis'' *†'' Gyraulus kraussii'' *†'' Gyraulus krohi'' *'' Gyraulus kruglowiae'' *'' Gyraulus ladacensis'' *†'' Gyraulus laiwuensis'' *†'' Gyraulus lazici'' *†'' Gyraulus lendli'' *†'' Gyraulus liaoxiensis'' *'' Gyraulus limbatus'' *†'' Gyraulus lineolatus'' *†'' Gyraulus lorentheyi'' *†'' Gyraulus loryi'' *†'' Gyraulus ludovici'' *'' Gyraulus luguhuensis'' *'' Gyraulus lychnidicus'' *†'' Gyraulus macroconcha'' *'' Gyraulus malayensis'' *†'' Gyraulus marinkovici'' *'' Gyraulus marocanus'' *†'' Gyraulus matheroni'' *†'' Gyraulus matraensis'' *'' Gyraulus mauritianus'' *'' Gyraulus meierbrooki'' *'' Gyraulus meridionalis'' *'' Gyraulus messonghi'' *†'' Gyraulus micromphalus'' *'' Gyraulus mienanus'' *†'' Gyraulus militaris'' *'' Gyraulus minusculus'' *†'' Gyraulus mirabilis'' *'' Gyraulus montrouzieri'' *†'' Gyraulus multicingulatus'' *†'' Gyraulus nedici'' *'' Gyraulus nedyalkovi'' *†'' Gyraulus nematophorus'' *†'' Gyraulus nisseanus'' *†'' Gyraulus novaki'' *'' Gyraulus noziriensis'' *†'' Gyraulus nusici'' *†'' Gyraulus oecsensis'' *†'' Gyraulus okrugljakensis'' *†'' Gyraulus oncostomus'' *†'' Gyraulus orahovacensis'' *†'' Gyraulus oxystoma'' *†'' Gyraulus pachychilus'' *†'' Gyraulus palaeoalbus'' *'' Gyraulus pamphylicus'' *†'' Gyraulus parvulus'' *†'' Gyraulus parvulus'' *'' Gyraulus parvus'' *†'' Gyraulus pavlovici'' *†'' Gyraulus peruzzii'' *†'' Gyraulus phacecercus'' *'' Gyraulus piscinarum'' *†'' Gyraulus placidus'' *†'' Gyraulus planoconcavus'' *†'' Gyraulus planorbiformis'' *†'' Gyraulus platystomus'' *†'' Gyraulus pleiopleurus'' *†'' Gyraulus pliosibericus'' *†'' Gyraulus polycymus'' *†'' Gyraulus ponticus'' *†'' Gyraulus popovici'' *†'' Gyraulus porcellaneus'' *†'' Gyraulus praeponticus'' *†'' Gyraulus praesibericus'' *'' Gyraulus prasongi'' *†'' Gyraulus primiformis'' *'' Gyraulus proclivis'' *†''
Gyraulus protectus ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *†'' Gyraulus protocrescens'' *†'' Gyraulus pseudhomalosomus'' *†'' Gyraulus pseudotenuis'' *†'' Gyraulus ptychostomus'' *†'' Gyraulus ptycophorus'' *†'' Gyraulus pulici'' *†'' Gyraulus quadrangulus'' *†'' Gyraulus rabensis'' *†'' Gyraulus rasseri'' *†'' Gyraulus revertens'' *†'' Gyraulus rhytidophorus'' *'' Gyraulus riparius'' *'' Gyraulus rossiteri'' *'' Gyraulus rossmaessleri'' *†'' Gyraulus rotella'' *'' Gyraulus rotula'' *†''
Gyraulus rotundistomus ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, Aquatic animal, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the sheep, ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to ...
'' *†'' Gyraulus rotundostomus'' *†'' Gyraulus rumanus'' *†''
Gyraulus sabljari ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *†'' Gyraulus sachsenhoferi'' *†'' Gyraulus saltensis'' *†'' Gyraulus sauerzopfi'' *†'' Gyraulus scabiosus'' *'' Gyraulus scottianus'' *†'' Gyraulus sebetinus'' *†'' Gyraulus seibersdorfensis'' *'' Gyraulus sentaniensis'' *'' Gyraulus shasi'' *'' Gyraulus siamensis'' *†'' Gyraulus sibinjensis'' *†'' Gyraulus sigillatus'' *'' Gyraulus sivalensis'' *†'' Gyraulus slavonicus'' *†'' Gyraulus soceni'' *†'' Gyraulus solenoeides'' *'' Gyraulus spirillus'' *†'' Gyraulus spratti'' *†'' Gyraulus spretus'' *'' Gyraulus stankovici'' *†'' Gyraulus steinheimensis'' *†'' Gyraulus stenocyclotus'' *†'' Gyraulus stoppanii'' *'' Gyraulus stromi'' *†'' Gyraulus subhemistoma'' *†'' Gyraulus subverticillus'' *†'' Gyraulus sulfureus'' *'' Gyraulus sumatranus'' *†'' Gyraulus supremus'' *†'' Gyraulus symmetricus'' *'' Gyraulus takhteevi'' *'' Gyraulus taseviensis'' *†'' Gyraulus tenuistriatus'' *'' Gyraulus terekholicus'' *'' Gyraulus terraesacrae'' *†'' Gyraulus tetracarinatus'' *'' Gyraulus tokyoensis'' *†'' Gyraulus transsylvanicus'' *'' Gyraulus trapezoides'' *†'' Gyraulus tressinensis'' *†'' Gyraulus triquetrus'' *†'' Gyraulus trochiformis'' *†'' Gyraulus trolli'' *†''
Gyraulus turislavicus ''Gyraulus'' is a genus of small, mostly air-breathing, freshwater snails, aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails. The genus ''Gyraulus'' is known from the Early Cretaceous to the present. Fossils ...
'' *'' Gyraulus umbiliciferus'' *'' Gyraulus vermicularis'' *†'' Gyraulus verticilloides'' *'' Gyraulus verticillus'' *†'' Gyraulus veternus'' *†'' Gyraulus virgatus'' *†'' Gyraulus vrapceanus'' *'' Gyraulus waterhousei'' *'' Gyraulus xingtian'' *†'' Gyraulus xinlitunensis'' *†'' Gyraulus yongkangensis'' *†'' Gyraulus yuanchuensis'' *†'' Gyraulus zemendorfensis'' *†'' Gyraulus zoebeleini'' *†'' Gyraulus zoltani''


References


External links


BioLib taxonomy info''Gyraulus'' images
at
Consortium for the Barcode of Life The Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) was an international initiative dedicated to supporting the development of DNA barcoding as a global standard for species identification. CBOL's Secretariat Office is hosted by the National Museum of ...
{{Taxonbar, from=Q616746