The Gwisil clan (Kwi-sil; 鬼室氏, Japanese: Kishitsu) were a collateral branch of the royal family of the Korean kingdom of

Baekje Baekje or Paekche (; ) was a Korean kingdom located in southwestern Korea from 18 BCE to 660 CE. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla. While the three kingdoms were in separate existence, Baekje had the h ...

, one of the

Three Kingdoms of Korea The Three Kingdoms of Korea or Samhan (Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla) competed for hegemony over the Korea, Korean Peninsula during the ancient period of History of Korea, Korean history. During the Three Kingdoms period (), many states and statele ...

who settled in

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

. They descended from the third son of the 26th king,

Seong of Baekje Seong (c. 504 – 554) was the 26th king of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, reigning from 523 to 554. He was a son of Muryeong of Baekje and is best known for making Buddhism the state religion, moving the national capital to Sabi ...

, whose name is unknown. The characters "鬼" and "室" literally mean "demon" and "house".

History

In 660, Baekje was attacked by the allied armies of

Silla Silla (; Old Korean: wikt:徐羅伐#Old Korean, 徐羅伐, Yale romanization of Korean, Yale: Syerapel, Revised Romanization of Korean, RR: ''Seorabeol''; International Phonetic Alphabet, IPA: ) was a Korean kingdom that existed between ...

and the

Tang dynasty The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, c=唐朝), or the Tang Empire, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an Wu Zhou, interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed ...

of China who had made the Silla–Tang alliance. The capital,

Sabi Sabi may refer to: * A member of an ethnoreligious group known as the Mandaeans (Sabians), in Arabic * Sabi (Korea), an ancient capital of Baekje * Sabi (dog), an Australian special forces dog * Save River (Africa), flows through Zimbabwe and Mozam ...

, was taken, but

Boksin Gwisil Boksin (鬼室福信, ? – 663) was a military general of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He is remembered primarily as a leader of the Baekje Revival Movement to restore the kingdom after the capital fell in 660 to the Sil ...

resisted near modern-day Yesan. After

Uija of Baekje Uija (595?–660, r. 641–660) was the 31st and final ruler of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. His reign ended when Baekje was conquered by an alliance of the rival Korean kingdom Silla and China's Tang dynasty. Background Dur ...

surrendered to Tang, Boksin and the monk Dochim kindled a restoration movement known as the Baekje Revival Movement. They sent for the prince

Buyeo Pung Buyeo Pung (扶餘豊, 623–668) was a prince of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was son of the last king, Uija of Baekje. When Baekje fell to the Silla–Tang alliance in 660, he was a hostage who mortgaged the alliance of Baek ...

, who had been living as a hostage in

Yamato period The is the period of Japanese history when the Imperial court ruled from modern-day Nara Prefecture, then known as Yamato Province. While conventionally assigned to the period 250–710, including both the Kofun period (–538) and the Asuka ...

Japan, an important Baekje ally. With some Japanese aid, they gathered the remnants of the Baekje army and launched a series of attacks on the Silla-Tang forces. In 663, Silla and Tang counterattacked and besieged the restoration movement at a fortress known as Juryu Castle (''Juryu-seong'', 주류성/周留城) now in

Seocheon County Seocheon County () is a county in Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea. It is famous for its seafood and location near the mouth of the Geum River. Administrative divisions Seocheon county has two major centers, Janghang-eup and Seocheon-eup. Seocheo ...

South Chungcheong South Chungcheong Province (), informally called Chungnam, is a province of South Korea in the Hoseo region in the southwest of the Korean Peninsula. South Chungcheong borders the provinces of Gyeonggi to the north, North Chungcheong, Sejong ...

. At this point Boksin appears to have betrayed the restoration movement. He had Dochim killed and sought to slay Prince Pung as well. However, Pung killed him first, and fled to

Goguryeo Goguryeo (37 BC – 668 AD) (; ; Old Korean: Guryeo) also later known as Goryeo (; ; Middle Korean: 고ᇢ롕〮, ''kwòwlyéy''), was a Korean kingdom which was located on the northern and central parts of the Korea, Korean Peninsula an ...

. The restoration movement was destroyed shortly thereafter at the

Battle of Baekgang The Battle of Baekgang () or Battle of Baekgang-gu, also known as the Battle of Hakusukinoe () in Japan, and as the Battle of Baijiangkou ( zh, c=白江口之战, p=Bāijiāngkǒu Zhīzhàn, t=白江口之戰) in China, was a battle between Baek ...

. Hong, Wontack. (1994). ''Paekche of Korea and the Origin of Yamato Japan''. Seoul: Kudara International.

Ancestry

Munju of Baekje Munju (?–477, r. 475–477Il-yeon: ''Samguk Yusa: Legends and History of the Three Kingdoms of Ancient Korea'', translated by Tae-Hung Ha and Grafton K. Mintz. Book Two, page 120. Silk Pagoda (2006). ) was the 22nd king of Baekje, one of the ...

(文周王, ?–477) - 22nd King of Baekje. ***** Gwisil Jeongin (鬼室貞仁, ?–?) - father of

, seems to be first to take the name "Gwisil". ******

Gwisil Boksin Gwisil Boksin (鬼室福信, ? – 663) was a military general of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He is remembered primarily as a leader of the Baekje Revival Movement to restore the kingdom after the capital fell in 660 to the Sill ...

(鬼室福信, ?–663) - son of Jeongin, general of Baekje who is known for the revival movement. In Japan he was called "''Kishitsu Fukushin''" by the Japanese reading of his characters. ******* Gwisil Jipsin (鬼室集信, ?–?) - son of Boksin, older brother of Jipsa, settled in Japan after the fall of Baekje. In Japan he was called "''Kishitsu Shushin''" by the Japanese reading of his characters. ******* Gwisil Jipsa (鬼室集斯, ?–688) - settled in Japan after the fall of Baekje and was appointed Head of Education. In Japan he was called "''Kishitsu Shushi''" by the Japanese reading of his characters. ****** Gwisil Bokeung (鬼室福応 / 鬼室福應), brother of Boksin, ancestor of the Oka clan (岡氏) and the (浄岡氏) clan.

Notes

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References

* Hong, Wontack. (1994). ''Paekche of Korea and the Origin of Yamato Japan''. Seoul: Kudara International. * http://gias.snu.ac.kr/wthong/publication/paekche/eng/hi3-3.pdf * http://gias.snu.ac.kr/wthong/publication/paekche/eng/hi2-3.pdf * http://gias.snu.ac.kr/wthong/publication/paekche/eng/hi3-4.pdf

History

Ancestry

Notes

References

See also