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Gustav Killian (2 June 1860 – 24 February 1921) was a German laryngologist and founder of the bronchoscopy.
Franz Kössler (Hrsg.): ''Register zu den Matrikeln und Inscriptionsbüchern der Universität Gießen WS 1807/08 - WS 1850.'' GIESSEN UNIVBRSITÄTSBIBLIOTHEK (1976), S.92, online
/ref> was a ''doctor of philosophiae'' and high school teacher born in Mainz and later living in Bensheim. His mother Apollonia (1833–1865), née Höpfel died early, at age 31 of cholera. He was also born in
Life and death
His father Johann Baptist Caesar Killian (1820–1889), the son of a ''städtischen Wegeaufsehers'' an urban way overseer,/ref> was a ''doctor of philosophiae'' and high school teacher born in Mainz and later living in Bensheim. His mother Apollonia (1833–1865), née Höpfel died early, at age 31 of cholera. He was also born in
Mainz
Mainz () is the capital and largest city of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
Mainz is on the left bank of the Rhine, opposite to the place that the Main joins the Rhine. Downstream of the confluence, the Rhine flows to the north-west, with Ma ...
, and educated at the University of Freiburg-im-Breisgau
The University of Freiburg (colloquially german: Uni Freiburg), officially the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg (german: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg), is a public research university located in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemb ...
. He made revolutionary advances in the diagnosis and treatment of affections of the infralaryngeal passages, especially in the diagnosis
Diagnosis is the identification of the nature and cause of a certain phenomenon. Diagnosis is used in many different disciplines, with variations in the use of logic, analytics, and experience, to determine " cause and effect". In systems engin ...
and removal of foreign bodies in the bronchial tubes, by means of his new art of bronchoscopic control. His first college appointment was as assistant to Professor Hack of the chair of otolaryngology in Mainz. The sudden death of Wilhelm Hack (1851–1887) led to his succession by Killian, although he was not made professor at the time. His revolutionary activity on bronchoscopy gained him an appointment as professor
Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who professes". Professor ...
of laryngology in the University of Berlin
The Humboldt University of Berlin (german: link=no, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, abbreviated HU Berlin) is a public research university in the central borough of Mitte in Berlin, Germany.
The university was established by Frederick Will ...
at the Charité; this was the first professorship of such scope in Germany
Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the sou ...
. Killian introduced another innovation known as suspension laryngoscopy into the technic of his specialty. He wrote no monograph on the bronchoscope, and the omission has been supplied by his pupils. His book, ''Die Schwebelaryngoscopic'', appeared in 1920; and in collaboration with Voss was written a volume on military experience, ''Gehörorgan, Obere Luft und Speisengänge'' (1921). A Festschrift
In academia, a ''Festschrift'' (; plural, ''Festschriften'' ) is a book honoring a respected person, especially an academic, and presented during their lifetime. It generally takes the form of an edited volume, containing contributions from the ...
volume was published around 1920.
Term
Killian's operation - * Excision of the anterior wall of the frontal sinus, removal of the diseased tissue, and formation of a permanent communication with the nose. -''The American Illustrated Medical Dictionary'' (1938)
Killian's works
* Über die Bursa und Tonsilla pharyngea (1888) * Die Untersuchung der hinteren Larynxwand (1890) * Die Nebenhöhlen der Nase in ihren Lagebeziehungen zu den Nachbarorganen (1903). English edition: The Accessory sinuses of the nose and their relations to neighbouring parts (1904) * Die Schwebelaryngoskopie und ihre praktische Verwertung (1920)See also
* Killian's dehiscence *Inokichi Kubo
was a Japanese pioneer of otorhinolaryngology and professor at Fukuoka Medical School (now part of Kyushu University).
He graduated from in 1900, and went on an overseas study program to Gustav Killian at University of Freiburg in 1903. Fou ...
*
References
* Hans Killian: ''Gustav Killian, sein Leben, sein Werk, zugleich ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Bronchologie und Laryngologie''. Dustri-Verlag, Remscheid-Lennep 1958 * Werner Kindler: ''Die Geschichte der Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie in Berlin''. Stuttgart, Georg Thieme Verlag 1956 * Peter K. Plinkert: ''Gustav Killian - Ein Pionier der Endoskopie''. In: HNO 46 (1998), S. 629–630 ;NotesExternal links
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Killian, Gustav German otolaryngologists Physicians from Mainz 1860 births 1921 deaths People from Rhenish Hesse