Gustav Gärtner (September 28, 1855 – November 4, 1937) was an Austrian

pathologist Pathology is the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury. The word ''pathology'' also refers to the study of disease in general, incorporating a wide range of biology research fields and medical practices. However, when used in t ...

born in

Pardubice Pardubice (; german: Pardubitz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 89,000 inhabitants. It is the capital city of the Pardubice Region and lies on the Elbe River. The historic centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monume ...

, Bohemia. Gustav Gaertner

In 1879 he earned his doctorate from the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (german: Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. With its long and rich h ...

, afterwards working in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

as an assistant to Salomon Stricker (1834-1898), and later as an associate professor (1890). In 1918 he became a "full professor" at the University of Vienna. In Vienna he conducted scientific studies of

kidney The kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped organs found in vertebrates. They are located on the left and right in the retroperitoneal space, and in adult humans are about in length. They receive blood from the paired renal arteries; bloo ...

functions, experiments dealing with

electrical Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described ...

skin resistance and research involving

innervation A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of nerve fibers (called axons) in the peripheral nervous system. A nerve transmits electrical impulses. It is the basic unit of the peripheral nervous system. A nerve provides a common pathway for the ...

of vessels of the brain. Also, he worked with

Carl Koller Karl Koller (December 3, 1857 – March 21, 1944) was an Austrian ophthalmologist who began his medical career as a surgeon at the Vienna General Hospital and a colleague of Sigmund Freud. Koller introduced cocaine as a local anaesthetic for ...

(1857-1944) involving experiments on the use of

cocaine Cocaine (from , from , ultimately from Quechua: ''kúka'') is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant mainly used recreationally for its euphoric effects. It is primarily obtained from the leaves of two Coca species native to South Am ...

as an

anaesthetic An anesthetic (American English) or anaesthetic (British English; see spelling differences) is a drug used to induce anesthesia ⁠— ⁠in other words, to result in a temporary loss of sensation or awareness. They may be divided into ...

eye surgery Eye surgery, also known as ophthalmic or ocular surgery, is surgery performed on the eye or its adnexa, by an ophthalmologist or sometimes, an optometrist. Eye surgery is synonymous with ophthalmology. The eye is a very fragile organ, and requ ...

.A brief history of cocaine
by Steven B. Karch Gärtner is credited with the creation of a number of medical devices and apparati; one of his better known inventions being a

tonometer Tonometry is the procedure eye care professionals perform to determine the intraocular pressure (IOP), the fluid pressure inside the eye. It is an important test in the evaluation of patients at risk from glaucoma. Most tonometers are calibrated ...

that contained an inflatable finger cuff for measurement of

blood pressure Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Most of this pressure results from the heart pumping blood through the circulatory system. When used without qualification, the term "blood pressur ...

. He developed the eryostat, an electric machine to support

adipositas Obesity is a medical condition, sometimes considered a disease, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that it may negatively affect health. People are classified as obese when their body mass index (BMI)—a person's w ...

therapy. He also made contributions in the study of

nutrition Nutrition is the biochemical and physiological process by which an organism uses food to support its life. It provides organisms with nutrients, which can be metabolized to create energy and chemical structures. Failure to obtain sufficien ...

, mainly in the field of

dietetics A dietitian, medical dietitian, or dietician is an expert in identifying and treating disease-related malnutrition and in conducting medical nutrition therapy, for example designing an enteral tube feeding regimen or mitigating the effects of ...

. The principles of the "Gaertner diet" were propagated in his book ''Diätetische Entfettungskuren''.

Written Works

* ''Ueber die therapeutische Verwendung der Muskelarbeit und einen neuen Apparat zu ihrer Dosirung'', Wien, Im Selbstverlag des Verfassers, 1887. Offprint from Allgemeine Wiener medizinische Zeitung, 1887. * ''Über den Hirnkreislauf''. Vorläufige Mitteilung. 1887. By

Julius Wagner-Jauregg Julius Wagner-Jauregg (; 7 March 1857 – 27 September 1940) was an Austrian physician, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1927, and is the first psychiatrist to have done so. His Nobel award was "for his discovery of the therapeu ...

(1857-1940) and Gustav Gärtner * ''Ueber den elektrischen Widerstand des menschlichen Körpers gegenüber Inductions-strömen'', Wien, A. Hölder, 1889. 529 pages. * ''Ueber einen neuen Blutdruckmesser'' (Tonometer). Vortrag, gehalten am 16. Juni 1899 in der k.k. Gesellschaft der Aerzte in Wien, von Gustav Gartner. Wien, M. Perles, 1899. Offprint from Wiener Medicinische Wochenschrift, 1899, 49, No. 30. * ''Ueber einen neuen Apparat zur Bestimmung des Hämoglobingehaltes im Blute'', München, J. F. Lehmann, 1901. 14 pages. Offprint from Münchener medicinische Wochenschrift, 1901, No. 50. * ''Diätetische Entfettungskuren''. Leipzig 1913. Translated into English.

References

''Gustav Gärtner''
@

Who Named It ''Whonamedit?'' is an online English-language dictionary of medical eponyms and the people associated with their identification. Though it is a dictionary, many eponyms and persons are presented in extensive articles with comprehensive bibliograp ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gartner, Gustav 1855 births 1937 deaths People from Pardubice Academic staff of the University of Vienna Austrian pathologists