''Guraleus'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
sea snail
Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...
s,
marine gastropod
Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusk
Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s in the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Mangeliidae
Mangeliidae is a monophyletic family of small to medium-sized, predatory sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.
Bouchet, P. (2011). Mangeliidae P. Fischer, 1883. In: MolluscaBase (2016). Accessed through: World Regis ...
.
Description
The thin shell is fusiform or subcylindrical. The colour ranges from uniform buff, with or without chocolate spiral lines or bands, to entire chocolate. The
protoconch
A protoconch (meaning first or earliest or original shell) is an embryonic or larval shell which occurs in some classes of molluscs, e.g., the initial chamber of an ammonite or the larval shell of a gastropod. In older texts it is also called " ...
consists of two or three smooth helicoid
whorl
A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs).
In nature
File:Photograph and axial plane floral diagra ...
s. Fasciole don't interrupt the
sculpture
Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...
, and are scarcely indicated by the curvature of growth lines.
Sculpture :—The radials vary from bold spaced ribs projecting at the shoulder to fine close riblets. The entire shell, except the protoconch, is overrun with fine, close, beaded or unbeaded threads. The
aperture
In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...
measures about half the length of the shell, with or without armature. The outer
lip
The lips are a horizontal pair of soft appendages attached to the jaws and are the most visible part of the mouth of many animals, including humans. Mammal lips are soft, movable and serve to facilitate the ingestion of food (e.g. sucklin ...
is slightly inflected. The sinus is subsutural, deeply rounded. The
siphonal canal
The siphonal canal is an anatomical feature of the shells of certain groups of sea snails within the clade Neogastropoda. Some sea marine gastropods have a soft tubular anterior extension of the mantle called a siphon through which water i ...
is short and open.
Distribution
This genus of marine species occurs off
Sumatra
Sumatra () is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the list of islands by area, sixth-largest island in the world at 482,286.55 km2 (182,812 mi. ...
(Indonesia) and Australia (
New South Wales
New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...
,
Queensland
Queensland ( , commonly abbreviated as Qld) is a States and territories of Australia, state in northeastern Australia, and is the second-largest and third-most populous state in Australia. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Austr ...
,
South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a States and territories of Australia, state in the southern central part of Australia. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, which in ...
,
Tasmania
Tasmania (; palawa kani: ''Lutruwita'') is an island States and territories of Australia, state of Australia. It is located to the south of the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland, and is separated from it by the Bass Strait. The sta ...
,
Victoria
Victoria most commonly refers to:
* Queen Victoria (1819–1901), Queen of the United Kingdom and Empress of India
* Victoria (state), a state of Australia
* Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, a provincial capital
* Victoria, Seychelles, the capi ...
,
Western Australia
Western Australia (WA) is the westernmost state of Australia. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east, and South Australia to the south-east. Western Aust ...
). One species, ''
Guraleus amplexus'', occurs off
South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. Its Provinces of South Africa, nine provinces are bounded to the south by of coastline that stretches along the Atlantic O ...
, another, ''
Guraleus kamakuranus'' off Japan and Korea.
Species
According to the
World Register of Marine Species
The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms.
Content
The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ...
(WoRMS) the following species with valid names are included within the genus ''Guraleus'' :
* ''
Guraleus alucinans''
(Sowerby III, 1896)
* ''
Guraleus amplexus''
(Gould, 1860)
* ''
Guraleus anisus''
(Cotton, 1947)
* ''
Guraleus asper''
Laseron, 1954
* ''
Guraleus australis''
(Adams & Angas, 1864)
* ''
Guraleus bordaensis''
Cotton, 1947
* ''
Guraleus brazieri''
(Angas, 1871)
* ''
Guraleus colmani''
Shuto, 1983
* ''
Guraleus cuspis''
(Sowerby III, 1896)
* ''
Guraleus delicatulus''
(Tenison-Woods, 1879)
* ''
Guraleus deshayesii''
(Dunker, 1860)
* ''
Guraleus diacritus''
Cotton, 1947
* † ''
Guraleus dubius''
Maxwell, 1992
* ''
Guraleus fallaciosa''
(Sowerby III, 1896): mentioned in OBIS as ''Guraleus'' (''Guraleus'') ''fallaciosus''
(Sowerby, 1897) OBIS : ''Guraleus'' (''Guraleus'') ''fallaciosus''
/ref>
* '' Guraleus fascinus'' Hedley, 1922
* '' Guraleus flaccidus'' (Pritchard & Gatliff, 1899):
* '' Guraleus flavescens'' (Angas, 1877)
* '' Guraleus florus'' Cotton, 1947
* '' Guraleus fossa'' Laseron, 1954
* '' Guraleus halmahericus'' (Schepman, 1913)
* '' Guraleus himerodes'' (Melvill & Standen, 1896)
* '' Guraleus incrusta'' (Tenison-Woods, 1877)
* '' Guraleus jacksonensis'' (Angas, 1877)
* '' Guraleus kamakuranus'' (Pilsbry, 1904)
* '' Guraleus lallemantianus'' (Crosse & Fischer, 1865)
* '' Guraleus nanus'' Laseron, 1954
* '' Guraleus ornatus'' (Sowerby III, 1896)
* '' Guraleus pictus'' (Adams & Angas, 1864)
* '' Guraleus savuensis'' (Schepman, 1913)
* '' Guraleus semicarinatus'' (H.A. Pilsbry, 1904)
* '' Guraleus tabatensis'' (Tokunaga, 1906)
* '' Guraleus tasmanicus'' (Tenison-Woods, 1876)
* '' Guraleus tasmantis'' Laseron, 1954
* '' Guraleus thornleyanus'' (Laseron, 1954)
* '' Guraleus tokunagae'' (Finlay, 1926)
* '' Guraleus verhoeffeni'' (Martens, 1904)
* '' Guraleus wilesianus'' Hedley, 1922
;Species brought into synonymy:
* ''Guraleus bellus'' (Adams, A. & G.F. Angas, 1864): synonym of '' Antiguraleus adcocki'' (G. B. Sowerby III, 1896)
* ''Guraleus comptus'' (Adams & Angas, 1864): synonym of ''Marita compta
''Marita compta'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Mangeliidae.Bouchet, P. (2014). Marita compta (A. Adams & Angas, 1864). In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Sp ...
'' (A. Adams & Angas, 1864)
* ''Guraleus costatus'' Hedley, 1922: synonym of '' Antiguraleus costatus'' (Hedley, 1922)
* † ''Guraleus cuspidatus'' Chapple, 1934: synonym of † '' Pleurotomella cuspidata'' (Chapple, 1934)
* ''Guraleus inornatus'' (Sowerby, 1897): synonym of '' Marita inornata'' (Sowerby III, 1896)
* ''Guraleus insculptus'' (Adams & Angas, 1864): synonym of '' Marita insculpta'' (Adams & Angas, 1864)
* ''Guraleus letouneuxianus'' Crosse and Fischer, 1865: synonym of '' Turrella letourneuxiana'' (Crosse and Fischer, 1865)
* ''Guraleus morologus'' Hedley, 1922: synonym of '' Turrella morologus'' (Hedley, 1922)
* ''Guraleus nitidus'' Hedley, 1922 : synonym of '' Marita nitidus'' (Hedley, 1922)
* ''Guraleus permutatus'' Hedley, 1922 : synonym of '' Antiguraleus permutatus'' (Hedley, 1922)
* ''Guraleus pulchripicta'' (Melvill & Standen, 1901): synonym of '' Lienardia pulchripictus'' (Melvill & Standen, 1901)
* ''Guraleus schoutenensis'' May, 1901: synonym of '' Marita schoutenensis'' (May, 1911)
* ''Guraleus vulgata'' (J.Thiele, 1925);: synonym of ''Mangelia vulgata
''Mangelia vulgata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.
This is a taxon inquirendum.
Description
The length of the shell attains 5 mm.
Distribution
This marine species occurs off Western Sum ...
'' J. Thiele, 1925 (taxon inquirendum
In biological classification, a ''species inquirenda'' is a species of doubtful identity requiring further investigation. The use of the term in English-language biological literature dates back to at least the early nineteenth century.
The ter ...
)
References
Hedley C. 1922. A revision of the Australian Turridae. Records of the Australian Museum 13(6): 213-359
External links
Bouchet P., Kantor Yu.I., Sysoev A. & Puillandre N. (2011) A new operational classification of the Conoidea. Journal of Molluscan Studies 77: 273-308.
*
Tucker, J.K. 2004 ''Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda)''. Zootaxa 682:1-1295.
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5228611
Gastropod genera