Guido Terrena (c.1270 in

Perpignan Perpignan (, , ; ; ) is the prefectures in France, prefecture of the Pyrénées-Orientales departments of France, department in Southern France, in the heart of the plain of Roussillon, at the foot of the Pyrenees a few kilometres from the Me ...

– 1342), also known as Guido Terreni and Guy de Perpignan, was a Catalan

Carmelite The Order of the Brothers of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel (; abbreviated OCarm), known as the Carmelites or sometimes by synecdoche known simply as Carmel, is a mendicant order in the Catholic Church for both men and women. Histo ...

canon lawyer and scholastic philosopher.

Life

He was a student of

Godfrey of Fontaines Godfrey of Fontaines (Latin: Godefridus de Fontibus, born sometime before 1250, died 29 October 1306 or 1309), was a scholastic philosopher and theologian who was designated by the title Doctor Venerandus. He made contributions to a diverse range ...

, and teacher of

John Baconthorpe John Baconthorpe, OCarm (also Bacon, Baco, and Bacconius) ( 1290 – 1346) was a learned English Carmelite friar and scholastic philosopher. Life John Baconthorpe was born at Baconsthorpe, Norfolk. He may have been the grandnephew of Roger Baco ...

. He became Prior-General of the Carmelites in 1318, bishop of Mallorca, and bishop of Elna. As bishop of Elna he opposed

Adhémar IV de Mosset Adhemar is both a given name and a surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name * Adhemar of Salerno (died 861), prince * Adhemar of Capua (died after 1000), prince * Adhémar de Chabannes (988–1034), French monk and historian * ...

. A strong proponent of

Aristotle Aristotle (; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosophy, Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath. His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, a ...

, he taught at

Avignon Avignon (, , ; or , ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of southeastern France. Located on the left bank of the river Rhône, the Communes of France, commune had a ...

Works

He was an early infallibilist; the concept of

papal infallibility Papal infallibility is a Dogma in the Catholic Church, dogma of the Catholic Church which states that, in virtue of the promise of Jesus to Saint Peter, Peter, the Pope when he speaks is preserved from the possibility of error on doctrine "in ...

is thought to occur first in a work he wrote concerning the conflict of

Pope John XXII Pope John XXII (, , ; 1244 – 4 December 1334), born Jacques Duèze (or d'Euse), was head of the Catholic Church from 7 August 1316 to his death, in December 1334. He was the second and longest-reigning Avignon Papacy, Avignon Pope, elected by ...

(1316–34) and the

Franciscan Spirituals The ''Fraticelli'' (Italian for “Little Brethren”) or Spiritual Franciscans opposed changes to the rule of Saint Francis of Assisi, especially with regard to poverty, and regarded the wealth of the Catholic Church as scandalous, with the r ...

. It is said that he adapted this doctrine to papal needs, rather than originating it, and before 1328. He was a leading member of a small group of infallibilists at the court of Pope John XXII. His position on papal infallibility "so closely anticipated the doctrine of Vatican I that in the judgment of B.M. Xiberta, the Carmelite scholar who edited erreni'swork, 'if he had written it after Vatican I he would have to add or change hardly a single word.'" He wrote: "We are not asking whether a pope can be a heretic in himself but whether he can err in defining anything in the church and obliging the faithful to believe, so that his error does not concern the person of the pope alone but concerns all the faithful and the whole church of Christ. For an error concerning his person can inhere in the pope, but not an error concerning the whole church." He was one of those opposing the views of

Arnold of Villanova Arnaldus de Villa Nova (also called Arnau de Vilanova, Arnaldus Villanovanus, Arnaud de Ville-Neuve or Arnaldo de Villanueva, c. 1240–1311) was a physician and a religious reformer. He is credited with translating a number of medical texts ...

on the

Antichrist In Christian eschatology, Antichrist (or in broader eschatology, Anti-Messiah) refers to a kind of entity prophesied by the Bible to oppose Jesus in Christianity, Jesus Christ and falsely substitute themselves as a savior in Christ's place before ...

; and he first dubbed

Joachim of Fiore Joachim of Fiore, also known as Joachim of Flora (; ; 1135 – 30 March 1202), was an Italian Christian theologian, Catholic abbot, and the founder of the monastic order of San Giovanni in Fiore. According to theologian Bernard McGinn, "Joach ...

a heretic. He was asked, with Pierre de la Palud, to report on

Peter John Olivi Peter John Olivi, also Pierre de Jean Olivi or Petrus Joannis Olivi (1248 – 14 March 1298), was a French Franciscan theologian and philosopher who, although he died professing the faith of the Roman Catholic Church, remained a controversial figur ...

's apocalyptic writing. He wrote

commentaries on Aristotle A great mass of literature has been produced to explain and clarify the works of Aristotle, especially during the ancient and medieval eras. The pupils of Aristotle (384322 BC) were the first to comment on his writings, a tradition which was ...

's ''

De anima ''On the Soul'' (Greek: , ''Peri Psychēs''; Latin: ) is a major treatise written by Aristotle . His discussion centres on the kinds of souls possessed by different kinds of living things, distinguished by their different operations. Thus plant ...

'', ''

Nicomachean Ethics The ''Nicomachean Ethics'' (; , ) is Aristotle's best-known work on ethics: the science of the good for human life, that which is the goal or end at which all our actions aim. () It consists of ten sections, referred to as books, and is closely ...

'', ''

Metaphysics Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that examines the basic structure of reality. It is traditionally seen as the study of mind-independent features of the world, but some theorists view it as an inquiry into the conceptual framework of ...

'', and ''

Physics Physics is the scientific study of matter, its Elementary particle, fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge whi ...

''. Other works include the ''Errores Sarracenorum'' against

Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world ...

, a ''Summa de haresibus'' and a ''Decretum'' commentary.

Burial place

Guido was buried in the Carmelite church in Avignon.

References

* A. Fidora, ''Guido Terreni, O. Carm. (†1342). Studies and Texts'' (= Textes et études du moyen age, 78), Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2015, *Guiu Terreni, ''Confutatio errorum quorundam magistrorum'', ed.

Alexander Fidora Alexander Fidora (Offenbach am Main, 1975), is a Catalan Professor of German origin. He is ICREA Research Professor of Philosophy and Medieval studies at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB). Education He obtained his Ph.D. in 2003 at ...

, Almudena Blasco and Celia López Alcalde, Barcelona: Obrador edéndum, 2014. *B.-M. Xiberta, ''Guiu Terrena, Carmelita de Perpinyà'', (Barcelona 1932) *Jorge J.E. Gracia, ''The Convertibility of Unum and Ens According to Guido Terrena'', Franciscan Studies, 33, 1973, pp. 143–170 *T. Shogimen, ''William of Ockham and Guido Terreni'', History of Political Thought, 19, 4, 1998, pp. 517–530 *C. Schabel, ''Early Carmelites between Giants. Questions on Future Contingents by Gerard of Bologna and Guy Terrena''. Recherches de Théologie et Philosophie Médiévales 70 (2003) 139–205.

Notes

External links

List of Works at ''Liste lateinischer Autoren und anonymer Werke des 13. Jahrhunderts (ca. 1170-1320)''
{{DEFAULTSORT:Terrena, Guido 1342 deaths Carmelites Priors General of the Order of Carmelites Scholastic philosophers Latin commentators on Aristotle Canon law jurists Bishops of Elna Bishops of Lodève 14th-century Catalan people Year of birth uncertain 14th-century jurists 14th-century philosophers