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Guido Corni (August 25, 1883 – February 28, 1946) was a colonial governor of
Guido Corni, detailed biography
/ref> In 1935 Corni returned to Italy, where he wrote his most famous books (about "Somalia italiana", vol. I & II) and continued his successful career as entrepreneur. He was named President of the "Federazione imprese trasporti automobilistici". But in 1937 Corni harshly criticized Italian Fascism's growing links with Hitler's Nazism and was expelled from the Modena Fascist Party. He then retired on a huge mansion ("Castle Monfestino") he had in the
Guido Corni (August 25, 1883 – February 28, 1946) was a colonial governor of Italian Somaliland
Italian Somaliland (; ; ) was a protectorate and later colony of the Kingdom of Italy in present-day Somalia, which was ruled in the 19th century by the Sultanate of Hobyo and the Majeerteen Sultanate in the north, and by the Hiraab Imamate and ...
.
Life
Born in Stradella,province of Pavia
The province of Pavia () is a Provinces of Italy, province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is Pavia.
, the province has a population of 548,722 inhabitants and an area of ; the town of Pavia has a population of 72,205.
History
T ...
, he began in his youth he followed Risorgimento
The unification of Italy ( ), also known as the Risorgimento (; ), was the 19th century political and social movement that in 1861 ended in the annexation of various states of the Italian peninsula and its outlying isles to the Kingdom of ...
ideals. He graduated in industrial chemistry
Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a physical science within the natural sciences that studies the chemical elements that make up matter and chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules a ...
and was a successful entrepreneur: he created the "Fabbrica Modenese Utensileria e Ferramenta Corni Bassani". In 1919 he enrolled in the Modena fascist party
In March 1911 Guido Corni went to Italian Tripolitania to study the possible economic development
In economics, economic development (or economic and social development) is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and object ...
of the region. He explored all of Italian Libya
Libya (; ) was a colony of Fascist Italy (1922–1943), Italy located in North Africa, in what is now modern Libya, between 1934 and 1943. It was formed from the unification of the colonies of Italian Cyrenaica, Cyrenaica and Italian Tripolitan ...
in the following years. In 1923 he was promoted to become head of the fascist party in Modena.
From 1 June 1928 to 1 July 1931 Guido Corni was Governor of Somalia, promoting the integration of the local population to the Italian colonial system. He also began to improve the economy of the colony: in those years the Italian colonization of the Genale area began in southern Somalia, forming a group of small and medium-sized farms. Most settlers were former fascist
Fascism ( ) is a far-right, authoritarian, and ultranationalist political ideology and movement. It is characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural soci ...
militants from Turin
Turin ( , ; ; , then ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital from 1861 to 1865. The city is main ...
. The first informal association of farmers, however, arose only in 1928, promoted by Corni. The primary crop of the area was cotton, grown by small farms owned by Italian settlers: about one hundred farms with an area varying between 75 and 600 hectares (with an average that oscillated around 200), with a total area of about 20,000 hectares. Cotton predominated at least until 1931, then was replaced by banana production, whose harvest was sold to the Italian State, which sold them in Italy as a monopoly.
Corni also promoted the occupation of border areas in the Ogaden
Ogaden (pronounced and often spelled ''Ogadēn''; , ) is one of the historical names used for the modern Somali Region. It is also natively referred to as Soomaali Galbeed (). The region forms the eastern portion of Ethiopia and borders Somalia ...
region of southern Ethiopia: the Ual-Ual occupation by his Somalian colonial troops was the cause of the start of the Italian-Ethiopian war in early 1935./ref> In 1935 Corni returned to Italy, where he wrote his most famous books (about "Somalia italiana", vol. I & II) and continued his successful career as entrepreneur. He was named President of the "Federazione imprese trasporti automobilistici". But in 1937 Corni harshly criticized Italian Fascism's growing links with Hitler's Nazism and was expelled from the Modena Fascist Party. He then retired on a huge mansion ("Castle Monfestino") he had in the
Apennine Mountains
The Apennines or Apennine Mountains ( ; or Ἀπέννινον ὄρος; or – a singular with plural meaning; )Latin ''Apenninus'' (Greek or ) has the form of an adjective, which would be segmented ''Apenn-inus'', often used with nouns s ...
until his death, because of heart problems.
In March 1946 he died near Genova.
See also
* Cesare Maria De VecchiNotes
Bibliography
* Bartolacelli, Giuliano and Enzo. ''Un imprenditore modenese. Fermo Corni e il castello di Monfestino''. CS Litografia, Modena, 2001 * Focherini, Franco. ''Il fascismo modenese minuto per minuto'' edizioni Il Fiorino. Modena, 2001 * Nuzzi, Olimpia. ''Il Corni e Modena''. Corni Edizione, Modena, 2003 {{DEFAULTSORT:Corni, Guido 1883 births 1946 deaths Governors of Italian Somaliland People from Stradella Italian fascists