200px, The Indian guard of honour greets the President of Brazil Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva at the Rashtrapati Bhavan Guard (; ; ; ) is an armed unit that performs a combat mission to protect and defend battle flags, military and state facilities, protect persons held in the guardhouse or in a disciplinary battalion, and also to render military honors.

Etymology

In the

Russian language Russian is an East Slavic languages, East Slavic language belonging to the Balto-Slavic languages, Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. It is one of the four extant East Slavic languages, and is ...

the term is called Karaul () originated from Kazakh word ''Karau'' () which stands for ''I watch'' and aul (). Guards were also called guard detachments sent by Turkic military leaders to reconnoiter the route before the main army arrived. In the

Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language The ''Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language'' (), commonly known as ''Dal's Explanatory Dictionary'' (), is a major explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. It contains about 220,000 words and 30,000 proverbs (3rd edi ...

Karaul, is a guard, people assigned to guard, with the purpose of saving something.

Overview

200px, A sentry of the guard, from the personnel of the company of palace grenadiers, at his post at the monument to Nicholas I on Saint Isaac's Square in Saint Petersburg, 1896.">Saint_Petersburg.html" ;"title="Saint Isaac's Square in Saint Petersburg">Saint Isaac's Square in Saint Petersburg, 1896. Depending on the state affiliation of the armed forces, there are different types of guards. According to the Charter of the Garrison and Guard Service of the

Russian Armed Forces The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, commonly referred to as the Russian Armed Forces, are the military of Russia. They are organized into three service branches—the Russian Ground Forces, Ground Forces, Russian Navy, Navy, and Russi ...

, there are 3 types of guards: *Internal guard is a guard for the protection of objects in a military town, at the permanent deployment point of a military unit. That is, inside the military town (ship). It is located within the perimeter of the military town, in a separate building with a fenced area called a guard town. The guard town is a restricted area on the territory of the military unit. Access to it for military personnel not engaged in guard duty is limited. The internal guard is not a permanent formation. It is formed for a certain period of time. For example, in the

Soviet Armed Forces The Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, also known as the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union, the Red Army (1918–1946) and the Soviet Army (1946–1991), were the armed forces of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republi ...

, the guard is formed for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the guard in full force is replaced by another guard according to the established procedure. The internal guard is subordinate to the commander of the military unit, known as ''Korablya'' (), the duty officer for the unit and his assistant. *Garrison (camp) guard is a guard for the protection and defense of garrison facilities that do not have their own security units, as well as for the protection of military personnel held in the garrison guardhouse. Subordinate to the garrison (camp assembly) chief, the garrison military commandant and the guard duty officer. *

Guard of honour A guard of honour (Commonwealth English), honor guard (American English) or ceremonial guard, is a group of people, typically drawn from the military, appointed to perform ceremonial duties – for example, to receive or guard a head of state ...

- is a ceremonial unit of permanent or temporary composition, formed to protect historical sites, state facilities, to meet high officials of foreign states, to render military honours. According to the organization, guards are permanent and temporary. Permanent guards are guards of facilities that are under constant protection. Permanent guards are provided for by the guard schedule, which determines the change of units going on duty. Temporary guards are appointed by order to protect and defend military property during its loading (unloading) at railway stations (river/sea ports, airports) or temporary storage in other places during natural disasters and fires, to protect and escort special cargo, as well as to protect arrested and convicted persons during transportation. The most famous permanent guard in Russia is

Post No. 1 The Honor Guard Post at the Eternal Flame at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier near the walls of the Moscow Kremlin () also known as Post No. 1 ) is the main guard post in Russia. It was established and installed near Lenin's Mausoleum in 1924 after ...

at standing next to the

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier A Tomb of the Unknown Soldier or Tomb of the Unknown Warrior is a monument dedicated to the services of an unknown soldier and the common memories of all soldiers killed in war. Such tombs are located in many nations and are usually high-profile na ...

Alexander Garden Alexander Gardens () was one of the first urban public parks in Moscow, Russia. The park comprises three separate gardens, which stretch along all the length of the western Kremlin wall for between the building of the Moscow Manege and the Kr ...

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

Legal basis

200px, On the left is the charter of the garrison and guard service of the Russian Armed Forces The Charter of garrison and guard service is the general governing document for the

, regulating the functioning of the guard. In Russia and some other

post-Soviet states The post-Soviet states, also referred to as the former Soviet Union or the former Soviet republics, are the independent sovereign states that emerged/re-emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Prior to their independence, they ...

the legislation in force is based the

traditions is taken as a basis, accordingly, its basis was the charter of garrison and guard service of the

Imperial Russian Army The Imperial Russian Army () was the army of the Russian Empire, active from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was organized into a standing army and a state militia. The standing army consisted of Regular army, regular troops and ...

. The charter contains a complete list of duties of persons included in the guards, the procedure for actions to protect objects, the procedure for guard mounting and changing, the order of subordination and reporting on guard duty, the organization of guard duty, requirements for the arrangement of guarded objects and much more.

Guard composition

The guard includes the following officials: *Guard chief *Assistant guard chief *Assistant guard chief (operator) for technical security equipment *Guard leader *Sentry (guard on duty) *Vehicle driver *Withdrawal (for guard at the guardhouse)

References

Citations

Bibliography

* *{{cite book, title=Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка, first1=Vladimir, last1=Dal, place=Saint Petersburg, lang=ru, publisher=Типография М. О. Вольфа, year=1882. Military law Military science Military units and formations Military ceremonies Military traditions