Haemulidae is a
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
of fishes in the
order
Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to:
* A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica
* Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood
...
Perciformes
Perciformes (), also called the Acanthopteri, is an order or superorder of ray-finned fish in the clade Percomorpha. ''Perciformes'' means " perch-like". Among the well-known members of this group are perches and darters ( Percidae), and als ...
known commonly as grunts. It is made up of the two
subfamilies
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zool ...
Haemulinae
Haemulinae is a subfamily of the Haemulidae and consists of the genera of that family which are regarded as being of New World origin, although they are now widespread. The subfamily is distinguished from the Plectorhynchinae by having a short do ...
(grunts) and
Plectorhynchinae (sweetlips), which contain about 133 species in 19 genera around the world. These fishes are commonly found in tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions, inhabiting marine, brackish, and sometimes fresh waters.
The family shows many feeding adaptations from bottom-feeding predation to water-column planktivory and is named for the ability of Haemulinae to produce sounds by grinding their pharyngeal teeth.
Some species engage in mutualistic relationships with cleaner gobies of the genus ''
Elacatinus'', allowing them to feed on
ectoparasites
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives (at least some of the time) on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The en ...
on their bodies.
Subfamilies and genera
The family Haemulidae is divided into the following subfamilies and genera:
Haemulinae
Haemulinae is a subfamily of the Haemulidae and consists of the genera of that family which are regarded as being of New World origin, although they are now widespread. The subfamily is distinguished from the Plectorhynchinae by having a short do ...
** '' Anisotremus'' Gill 1861
** '' Boridia'' Cuvier
Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, baron Cuvier (23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier (; ), was a French natural history, naturalist and zoology, zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology". Cuv ...
, 1830
** '' Brachydeuterus'' Gill, 1862
** '' Conodon'' Cuvier, 1830
** '' Emmelichthyops'' Schultz, 1945
** ''Haemulon
''Haemulon'' is a genus of fish in the Haemulidae, grunt family known as the scaled-fin grunts. Most are found in the western Atlantic Ocean, with a few species known from the eastern Pacific Ocean.Rocha, L. A. and I. L. Rosa. (1999)New species ...
'' Cuvier, 1829
** '' Haemulopsis'' Steindachner
Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner descri ...
, 1869
** '' Inermia'' Poey, 1860
** ''Isacia
''Isacia conceptionis'', the Cabinza grunt, is a species of grunt native to the Pacific Coast of South America and Nicaragua. It can be found at depths of in areas with rocky or sandy substrates. This species grows to in TL, with a maximum k ...
'' Jordan & Fesler, 1893
** '' Microlepidotus'' Gill, 1862
** '' Orthopristis'' Girard, 1858
** '' Parakuhlia'' Pellegrin, 1913
** '' Pomadasys'' Lacépède, 1802
** '' Xenichthys'' Gill, 1862
** '' Xenistius'' Jordan & Gilbert, 1883
** '' Xenocys'' Jordan & Bollman, 1890
* Plectorhynchinae
** '' Diagramma'' Oken, 1817
** '' Genyatremus'' Gill, 1862
** '' Parapristipoma'' Bleeker, 1873
** '' Plectorhinchus'' Lacépède, 1802
See also
* List of fish families
This is a list of fish families sorted alphabetically by scientific name. There are 525 families in the list.
__NOTOC__
A - B - C - D - E - F -
G - H - I - J - K -
L - M - N - O - P - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z
- ...
Notes
References
*
{{Authority control
Acanthuriformes families