Grunewald () is a German

forest A forest is an ecosystem characterized by a dense ecological community, community of trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, ...

located in the western side of

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

on the east side of the

Havel The Havel () is a river in northeastern Germany, flowing through the States of Germany, states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt. The long Havel is a right tributary of the Elbe. However, the direct distance from ...

, mainly in the

Grunewald Grunewald is the name of both a locality and a forest in Germany: * Grunewald (forest) * Grunewald (locality) Grünewald may refer to: * Grünewald (surname) * Grünewald, Germany, a municipality in Brandenburg, Germany * Grünewald (Luxembourg), ...

locality. At it is the largest green area in the city of Berlin.

Geography

The forest occupies, on the western side, 3/4 of the

locality, a small portion of the southern part of Westend (both in the

Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf () is the fourth borough of Berlin, formed in an administrative reform with effect from 1 January 2001, by merging the former boroughs of Charlottenburg and Wilmersdorf. Overview Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf covers the ...

borough); a great part of Nikolassee, the northern side of Zehlendorf and the northwestern part of Dahlem (all 3 in the

Steglitz-Zehlendorf Steglitz-Zehlendorf () is the sixth Boroughs of Berlin, borough of Berlin, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Steglitz and Zehlendorf, Berlin, Zehlendorf. Home to the Free University of Berlin, the Be ...

borough). It is close to the border of the neighborhood of

Wannsee Wannsee () is a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Germany. It is the westernmost locality of Berlin. In the quarter there are two lakes, the larger '' Großer Wannsee'' (Greater Wannsee) and the '' Kleiner Wannse ...

and its

lake A lake is often a naturally occurring, relatively large and fixed body of water on or near the Earth's surface. It is localized in a basin or interconnected basins surrounded by dry land. Lakes lie completely on land and are separate from ...

, and is near the Düppel forest. It is divided by the Havel river from the localities of

Kladow Kladow () is the southernmost district of the Borough of Spandau in Berlin, Germany. Geography Located approximately 17 Km from central Berlin (Charlottenburg), the district of Kladow is bordered by the District of Gatow to the north, by the Hav ...

, Gatow and Wilhelmstadt (all in the

Spandau Spandau () is the westernmost of the 12 boroughs of Berlin, boroughs () of Berlin, situated at the confluence (geography), confluence of the Havel and Spree (river), Spree rivers and extending along the western bank of the Havel. It is the smalle ...

borough). It also borders the locality of

Schmargendorf Schmargendorf () is a south-western locality (''Ortsteil'') of Berlin in the Boroughs of Berlin, district (''Bezirk'') of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Until 2001 it was part of the former district of Wilmersdorf. Geography Schmargendorf borders w ...

. There are two islets located off the forest in the Havel ( Lindwerder and Schwanenwerder) and a small peninsula ( Schildhorn); and the tallest point is the hill of

Teufelsberg Teufelsberg (; German for ''Devil's Hill'') is a non-natural hill in Berlin, Germany, in the Grunewald locality of former West Berlin. It rises about above the surrounding Teltow plateau and above the sea level, in the north of Berlin's Gru ...

, which is above sea level. On the northern border is found the ''

Funkturm Berlin The Berliner Funkturm or Funkturm Berlin (Berlin Radio Tower) is a former broadcasting tower in Berlin, Germany. Constructed between 1924 and 1926 to designs by the architect Heinrich Straumer, it was inaugurated on 3 September 1926, on the ...

'' (radio tower) and the ''

Messe Berlin Messe Berlin (') are exhibition grounds in the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf precinct of Berlin, Germany, at Masurenallee opposite the Haus des Rundfunks. Since 2011, they have officially been known as "Berlin ExpoCenter City" and operated by th ...

'' (the trade show). Beyond the river

and part of the

Großer Wannsee The Großer Wannsee (, "Greater Wannsee", "See" means lake) is a bight of the Havel river near the locality of Wannsee and Nikolassee (in the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf), a south-western suburb of the German capital Berlin not far from Potsd ...

lake, the forest is rich in

s and

pond A pond is a small, still, land-based body of water formed by pooling inside a depression (geology), depression, either naturally or artificiality, artificially. A pond is smaller than a lake and there are no official criteria distinguishing ...

s. The biggest are the Schlachtensee,

Krumme Lanke is a lake in the south west of Berlin, in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough of the city and on the edge of the Grunewald forest. After Nikolassee and the neighbouring Schlachtensee, it is the southernmost of the Grunewald chain of lakes. Overv ...

, the

Grunewaldsee The Grunewaldsee () is a lake located in western Bezirk Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf in Berlin within the Grunewald forest. It has a surface of c. 175,000 m2. The Jagdschloss Grunewald hunting lodge is located on the south bank of the lake. ...

and the Hundekehlesee (). These lakes are located along the eastern edge of the forest and are linked by a canal. The other lakes are the Riemeisterfenn (between Krumme Lanke and Grunewaldsee), the

Teufelssee (German, 'Devil's Lake') is a glacial lake in the Grunewald forest in the Berlin borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. The Teufelssee in Grunewald forest is not to be confused with the lake of the same name in the Berlin district of Köpenick ...

Meaning "Devil's lake" (in central-north area), and Pechsee and Barssee (both in the middle of the forest).

Environment

The Grunewald forest is mainly composed of

conifers Conifers () are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida. All e ...

and

betulaceae Betulaceae, the birch family, includes six genera of deciduous nut-bearing trees and shrubs, including the birches, alders, hazels, hornbeams, hazel-hornbeam, and hop-hornbeams, numbering a total of 167 species. They are mostly natives of ...

. Some areas are nature reserves (''

Naturschutzgebiet A ''Naturschutzgebiet'' (abbreviated NSG) is a category of protected area (nature reserve) within Germany's Federal Nature Conservation Act (the ''Bundesnaturschutzgesetz'' or ''BNatSchG''). Although often translated as 'Nature Reserve' in Engli ...

''), from which visitors are forbidden, in order to protect the animals (especially

amphibian Amphibians are ectothermic, anamniote, anamniotic, tetrapod, four-limbed vertebrate animals that constitute the class (biology), class Amphibia. In its broadest sense, it is a paraphyletic group encompassing all Tetrapod, tetrapods, but excl ...

s and

bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class (biology), class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the Oviparity, laying of Eggshell, hard-shelled eggs, a high Metabolism, metabolic rate, a fou ...

s).

Transport

The area is served by the ''

S-Bahn The S-Bahn ( , ), , is a hybrid urban rail, urban–suburban rail system serving a metropolitan region predominantly in German language, German-speaking countries. Some of the larger S-Bahn systems provide service similar to rapid transit syst ...

'' line S7 at Berlin Grunewald railway station, located at the main entrance of the

. It is also traversed by the

AVUS The ('Automobile traffic and training road'), known as AVUS (), is a public road in Berlin, Germany. Opened in 1921, it was also used as a motor racing circuit until 1998. Today, the AVUS forms the northern part of the Bundesautobahn 115. C ...

road, now part of the BAB 115 motorway. The border of the Grunewald can also be reached by several other ''S-Bahn'' stations : Berlin Nikolassee ( S1 + S7), Berlin Schlachtensee (S1), Berlin Heerstraße ( S3 + S75), Berlin Pichelsberg (S3 + S75). The southeastern borders are linked by two ''

U-Bahn Rapid transit in Germany consists of four systems and 14 systems. The , commonly understood to stand for ('underground railway'), are conventional rapid transit systems that run mostly underground, while the or ('city rapid railway') are c ...

'' stations:

and Onkel Toms Hütte (both on U3 line).

Photogallery

2006-07-24 Grunewald Neuer Schildhornweg.jpg, A forest view at Schildhornweg Grunewald1.JPG, Grunewald in winter Funkturm Berlin View 13.jpg,

Grunewaldsee1.JPG, Grunewaldsee lake Grunewald Tower perspective Sep12.jpg, Grunewaldturm Grunewaldsee2 Schloss1.JPG, Hunting Lodge NSA-Station Teufelsberg (2009).jpg, Radar at Teufelsberg 2000-03-26 Bahnhof Grunewald.jpg, Railway station Grunewald Tower Havel view Sep12.jpg, View of Grunewald and Havel from Grunewaldturm Grunewald hill view 10-13.jpg, View from Drachenberg (Kite Hill)

References

External links

Official site of the Forest of Grunewald
{{DEFAULTSORT:Grunewald (Forest) Parks in Berlin Tourist attractions in Berlin Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf Steglitz-Zehlendorf Forests and woodlands of Germany