Prince Grigory Sergeyevich Golitsyn (; 20 December 1838 – 28 March 1907) was a Russian general and statesman from the princely

Golitsyn family The House of Golitsyn (, ) is the second largest and noblest Princely house in Russia.Jean-Marie Thiébaud , A great princely family of Russia, the Galitzines. Genealogy and historical notes , Paris, 1997. Among its members were warlords, lan ...

Biography

Born on 20 December 1838 (1 January 1839) on the estate Staraya Ves in the Hungrovsky district of the Sedletsk province (another date of birth is also indicated - 20 October 1838 and the place of birth - the village of

Garbów Garbów is a village in Lublin County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Garbów. It lies approximately north-west of the regional capital Lublin. The village lies on the K ...

, Lublin district, Lublin province) ... His parents: father - Prince Sergei Grigorievich (1803-1868), retired captain of the Guards artillery, writer; mother - Maria Ivanovna, nee Countess Ezerskaya (1819-1881). Brothers and sisters: Julia (1840-1914,

maid of honor Bridesmaids are members of the bride's party at some Western traditional wedding ceremonies. A bridesmaid is typically a young woman and often the bride's close friend or relative. She attends to the bride on the day of a wedding or marriage ce ...

), Maria (1841-1896, married to the chamberlain of the Austrian court, Count Friedrich Rummerskirch), Catherine (1844-1864),

Lev Lev or LEV may refer to: People and fictional characters *Lev (given name) *Lev (surname) Places *Lev, Azerbaijan, a village *Lev (crater), a tiny lunar crater Religion *an abbreviation for Leviticus, the third book of the Hebrew Bible and the ...

(1845-1915, chief winemaker of the Main Directorate of estates), Fedor (1850-1920, chamberlain, leader of the nobility of the Khvalynsky district of the

Saratov province Saratov Governorate () was an administrative-territorial unit ('' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR. History On December 25, 1769, the Saratov province was established as part of the Astrakhan Governorate. On January 11, ...

). Educated in the

Page Corps The Page Corps (; ) was a military academy in Imperial Russia, which prepared sons of the nobility and of senior officers for military service. Similarly, the Imperial School of Jurisprudence prepared boys for civil service. The present-day equiva ...

, from where he was released on 16 June 1856 as a

cornet The cornet (, ) is a brass instrument similar to the trumpet but distinguished from it by its conical bore, more compact shape, and mellower tone quality. The most common cornet is a transposing instrument in B. There is also a soprano cor ...

in the Life Guards Hussar Regiment. On 12 May 1858, he was assigned to the headquarters of the Guards Corps to prepare for admission to the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff and on August 25 was admitted; On 12 April 1859, he was promoted to

lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a Junior officer, junior commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations, as well as fire services, emergency medical services, Security agency, security services ...

and on 17 October 1860, to staff captain. After graduating from the course at the Academy on 18 December 1860, he was appointed to be at the main headquarters of the Caucasian army; On 19 January 1861, he was promoted to captain for advances in

science Science is a systematic discipline that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictions about the universe. Modern science is typically divided into twoor threemajor branches: the natural sciences, which stu ...

. In the campaign of 1861, as part of the Adagum detachment of Major General Pavel Babych, he took part in a number of expeditions against the mountaineers. In March–May he was in the Abinsky gorge and was engaged in correcting the roads between the camp of the detachment and the fortifications of Nikolayevsky, Crimean and Olginsky, all these activities were accompanied by numerous skirmishes with the mountaineers. At the end of May, he was on the move to

Gelendzhik Gelendzhik (; Adyghe: Хъулъыжъий, Ḣułəžij) is a resort town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the Gelendzhik Bay of the Black Sea, between Novorossiysk ( to the northwest) and Tuapse ( to the southeast). Greater Gelendzhik sp ...

Bay, and distinguished himself in capturing enemy positions on the Kesegur ridge. For distinction in the campaign, he was awarded on 16 January 1861, the

Order of Saint Anna The Imperial Order of Saint Anna (; also "Order of Saint Anne" or "Order of Saint Ann") was a Holstein ducal and then Russian imperial order of chivalry. It was established by Karl Friedrich, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, on 14 February 1735, in hono ...

, 3rd degree with swords and a bow. On 22 January 1862, Golitsyn was promoted to lieutenant colonel and, after serving in the spring and summer in staff positions in

Tbilisi Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia ( ...

, on 16 September, he was transferred to the Life Grenadier Erivan Regiment, where he took the post of commander of the combined rifle battalion. In the campaign of 1863-1864, which ended the Caucasian War, Golitsyn took part, as part of the same Adagum detachment, in a campaign against the mountaineers of

Abkhazia Abkhazia, officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a List of states with limited recognition, partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, at the intersection of Eastern Europe and West Asia. It cover ...

, and from 26 December 1863 to 17 January 1864, he temporarily commanded a regiment. 26 May 1864 dismissed for six months on vacation; On 2 October of the same year he was promoted to

colonel Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military Officer (armed forces), officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colon ...

. On 10 December 1865, Golitsyn was appointed commander of the 14th Georgian Grenadier Regiment, which he commanded for six years. For bringing the regiment into exemplary condition on 13 August 1868, he was awarded the Order of St. Anna 2nd degree with swords. On 21 September 1871, he was appointed aide-de-camp to His Imperial Majesty, leaving his post, and the next year, on April 16, he was appointed commander of the Finnish Life Guards Regiment. On 30 August 1873, he was promoted to major general and appointed to the Retinue of His Imperial Majesty. On 26 August 1876 he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir 3rd degree. On 30 August 1876, Golitsyn was appointed military governor and commander of the troops of the Ural region and the chief chieftain of the Ural Cossack army. In September 1880, he temporarily performed the affairs of the Orenburg Governor-General and Commander of the Orenburg Military District; On 26 February 1883 he was promoted to

lieutenant general Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the battlefield, who was norma ...

. Golitsyn fought in the

Caucasian War The Caucasian War () or the Caucasus War was a 19th-century military conflict between the Russian Empire and various peoples of the North Caucasus who resisted subjugation during the Russian conquest of the Caucasus. It consisted of a series o ...

, studied at the General Staff Academy, and commanded several regiments. In 1876, was appointed Governor of

Ural Oblast Ural Oblast may refer to the following administrative units: * Ural Oblast (1868–1920) (1868–1920), in the Russian Empire * , in the Russian Republic * Ural Oblast (1923–1934), an ''oblast'' of Soviet Russia * Uralsk Oblast (1962–1992), t ...

; he later served in a variety of positions in other regions. He was dismissed from his post as military governor and orderly chieftain and was appointed to be present in the 1st department of the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

from 5 January 1885.'' Мурзанов Н. А.'
Правительствующий сенат. Список сенаторов.
— : Сенат. тип., 1911. — С. 15. On 16 January 1892, he was sent to the

Tobolsk Tobolsk (, ) is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Tobol and Irtysh rivers. Founded in 1587, Tobolsk is the second-oldest Russian settlement east of the Ural Mountains in Asian Russia, and was the historic capita ...

province to arrange a food unit; in February, for the same purpose, he visited the Shadrinsky, Kamyshlovsky and

Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg (, ; ), alternatively Romanization of Russian, romanized as Ekaterinburg and formerly known as Sverdlovsk ( ; 1924–1991), is a city and the administrative centre of Sverdlovsk Oblast and the Ural Federal District, Russia. The ci ...

districts of the

Perm province Perm Governorate (), also known as the Governorate of Perm, was an administrative-territorial unit ('' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR from 1781 to 1923. It was located on both slopes of the Ural Mountains, and its admi ...

and the Troitsky district of the Orenburg province. On 1 January 1893, he was appointed a member of the State Council. On 14 May 1896, he was promoted to general from infantry, and after the death of SA Sheremetev in December of the same year, he was appointed chief of the Caucasian administration, commander of the Caucasian military district and ataman of the Caucasian Cossack troops; On 2 March 1897, he was appointed adjutant general, leaving his posts. Golitsyn had a sharply negative attitude towards the

Armenian national movement The Armenian national movement ( ''Hay azgayin-azatagrakan sharzhum'') included social, cultural, but primarily political and military movements that reached their height during World War I and the following years, initially seeking improved statu ...

. The journalist A. V. Amfiteatrov has preserved one of the Golitsyn witticisms for history: "I will bring to the point that the only Armenian in

will be a stuffed Armenian in the Tiflis Museum!" The unprincipled, but not mediocre publicist Vasily Velichko, editor of the official newspaper '' Kavkaz'', became the main ideologist of the Golitsyn course. G.S. Golitsyn was one of the initiators of the adoption of the law on the confiscation of the property of the

Armenian Apostolic Church The Armenian Apostolic Church () is the Autocephaly, autocephalous national church of Armenia. Part of Oriental Orthodoxy, it is one of the most ancient Christianity, Christian churches. The Armenian Apostolic Church, like the Armenian Catholic ...

and on the closure of Armenian schools on 12 June 1903. According to the law, all immovable property (including the territory of the Echmiadzin Monastery) and capital belonging to the Armenian Church and spiritual institutions were transferred to the jurisdiction of the state. From the proceeds from the confiscated property and funds, a share was allocated to their previous owners - Armenian spiritual institutions. Between 1897 and 1904 Golitsyn was the Governor of

Transcaucasia The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, ...

; known as the initiator of the confiscation of the properties of the Armenian Church. He was wounded in an assassination attempt near

Tiflis Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia ( ...

in October 1903. On 14 October of the same year, General Golitsyn was seriously wounded on the Kojorskoe highway near Tiflis as a result of a terrorist act committed by members of the Armenian Social Democratic Party "Hnchak". On 11 August 1904, Golitsyn was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 1st degree for his work in managing the Caucasus. Golitsyn remained in the post of chief executive until 1 January 1905, when he was appointed to be with the person of His Imperial Majesty. After the reform of the State Council (1906), Golitsyn remained its member, was a member of the right-wing group. He died on 28 March (10 April), 1907 in

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

, was buried at the Nikolskoye cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. He was married to the daughter of Lieutenant General Count FV Orlov-Denisov, Maria; they had no children.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Golitsyn, Grigory Imperial Russian Army generals Members of the State Council (Russian Empire) Grigory Sergeyevich Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia) 1838 births 1907 deaths Russian military personnel of the Caucasian War Atamans 1900s in Georgia (country) Burials at Nikolskoe Cemetery Nobility from the Russian Empire