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Greng is a
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality ...
in the district of See/Lac in the
canton Canton may refer to: Administrative division terminology * Canton (administrative division), territorial/administrative division in some countries, notably Switzerland * Township (Canada), known as ''canton'' in Canadian French Arts and ent ...
of
Fribourg , Location of , Location of () () or , ; or , ; gsw, label=Swiss German, Frybùrg ; it, Friburgo or ; rm, Friburg. is the capital of the Cantons of Switzerland, Swiss canton of Canton of Fribourg, Fribourg and district of Sarine (district), ...
in Switzerland.


History

Greng is first mentioned in 1349 as ''Groyn''.


Geography

Greng has an area, , of . Of this area, or 76.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 10.3% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 14.4% is settled (buildings or roads) and or 3.1% is unproductive land.Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics
2009 data accessed 25 March 2010
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 11.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.1%. Out of the forested land, 8.2% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.1% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 60.8% is used for growing crops and 15.5% is pastures. The municipality is located in the See/Lac district, on the eastern shore of Lake Morat about south-west of Murten/Morat. It consists of the hamlets of Greng-dessus and Greng-dessous.


Coat of arms

The
blazon In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The visua ...
of the municipal
coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldic visual design on an escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central element of the full heraldic achievement, which in it ...
is ''Or a Mill-wheel Sable.''


Demographics

Greng has a population () of . , 13.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008
accessed 19 June 2010
Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 1.9%. Migration accounted for 5.8%, while births and deaths accounted for 7.7%.
accessed 14-December-2011
Most of the population () speaks
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...
(138 or 92.0%) as their first language,
French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
is the second most common (8 or 5.3%) and Italian is the third (1 or 0.7%). , the population was 53.4% male and 46.6% female. The population was made up of 68 Swiss men (45.9% of the population) and 11 (7.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 62 Swiss women (41.9%) and 7 (4.7%) non-Swiss women.Canton of Fribourg Statistics
accessed 3 November 2011
Of the population in the municipality, 23 or about 15.3% were born in Greng and lived there in 2000. There were 21 or 14.0% who were born in the same canton, while 90 or 60.0% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 13 or 8.7% were born outside of Switzerland. , children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 24.7% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 66.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 8.7%. , there were 59 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 72 married individuals, 5 widows or widowers and 14 individuals who are divorced.STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000
accessed 2 February 2011
, there were 65 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. There were 20 households that consist of only one person and 6 households with five or more people. , a total of 54 apartments (78.3% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 14 apartments (20.3%) were seasonally occupied and one apartment was empty.Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen
accessed 28 January 2011
The historical population is given in the following chart: Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width:960 height:210 PlotArea = height:150 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:150 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:30 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:6 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1850 from:start till:81 text:"81" bar:1860 from:start till:67 text:"67" bar:1870 from:start till:84 text:"84" bar:1880 from:start till:102 text:"102" bar:1888 from:start till:79 text:"79" bar:1900 from:start till:70 text:"70" bar:1910 from:start till:72 text:"72" bar:1920 from:start till:53 text:"53" bar:1930 from:start till:88 text:"88" bar:1941 from:start till:65 text:"65" bar:1950 from:start till:66 text:"66" bar:1960 from:start till:68 text:"68" bar:1970 from:start till:57 text:"57" bar:1980 from:start till:55 text:"55" bar:1990 from:start till:110 text:"110" bar:2000 from:start till:150 text:"150"


Heritage sites of national significance

The archeological site at Greng-Spitz and the Turmspeicher (storage tower) are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance.


World heritage site

It is home to the Spitz prehistoric pile-dwelling (or stilt house) settlements that are part of the Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps
UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. I ...
World Heritage Site A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for ...
.UNESCO World Heritage Site - Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps
/ref> The Greng-Spitz site has been studied since the 19th century. It was occupied at least three separate times. The village sites are all located on a peninsula that juts out into Lake Morat. Before the Jura water correction projects of the 19th century, the peninsula often became an island as the water levels in the lake changed. The earliest settlement was from a Cortaillod culture during the middle
Neolithic The Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, is an Old World archaeological period and the final division of the Stone Age. It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear to have arisen independently in several part ...
and was located on the north-west of the peninsula. Some of the timbers from this era have been
dendrochronological Dendrochronology (or tree-ring dating) is the scientific method of dating tree rings (also called growth rings) to the exact year they were formed. As well as dating them, this can give data for dendroclimatology, the study of climate and at ...
ly dated to 3864-3820 BC. The second settlement was a final Neolithic settlement on the south-eastern part of the peninsula. The final settlement was a
Bronze Age The Bronze Age is a historic period, lasting approximately from 3300 BC to 1200 BC, characterized by the use of bronze, the presence of writing in some areas, and other early features of urban civilization. The Bronze Age is the second pri ...
village located back on the north-west of the peninsula. The timbers from this site have been dated to 1058 to 954 BC. Many of the artifacts which were discovered at Greng-Spitz are on display at the Museum on Murten/Morat.


Politics

In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 46.9% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (15.3%), the
Green Liberal Party The Green Liberal Party of Switzerland (german: Grünliberale Partei der Schweiz, glp; french: Parti vert'libéral, pvl), abbreviated to glp, is a centrist green-liberal political party in Switzerland. Founded in 2007, the party holds sixteen ...
(8.1%) and the SPS (7.7%).Canton of Fribourg National Council Election of 23 October 2011 Statistics
accessed 3 November 2011
The SVP lost about 12.9% of the vote when compared to the 2007 Federal election (59.8% in 2007 vs 46.9% in 2011). The FDP retained about the same popularity (18.6% in 2007), the Green Liberal Party moved from below fourth place in 2007 to third and the SPS retained about the same popularity (6.6% in 2007). A total of 76 votes were cast in this election, of which 1 or 1.3% was invalid.


Economy

, Greng had an unemployment rate of 1.9%. , there were 20 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 3 businesses involved in this sector. No one was employed in the secondary sector. 54 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 24 businesses in this sector. There were 93 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 39.8% of the workforce. the total number of
full-time equivalent Full-time equivalent (FTE), or whole time equivalent (WTE), is a unit that indicates the workload of an employed person (or student) in a way that makes workloads or class loads comparable across various contexts. FTE is often used to measure a ...
jobs was 60. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 14, all of which were in agriculture. There were no jobs in the secondary sector. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 46. In the tertiary sector; 10 or 21.7% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 1 was in the movement and storage of goods, 3 or 6.5% were in a hotel or restaurant, 5 or 10.9% were in the information industry, 3 or 6.5% were the insurance or financial industry and 12 or 26.1% were technical professionals or scientists. , there were 15 workers who commuted into the municipality and 65 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 4.3 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb
accessed 24 June 2010
Of the working population, 6.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 61.3% used a private car.


Religion

From the , 36 or 24.0% were
Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter ...
, while 80 or 53.3% belonged to the
Swiss Reformed Church The Protestant Church in Switzerland (PCS), (EKS); french: Église évangélique réformée de Suisse (EERS); it, Chiesa evangelica riformata in Svizzera (CERiS); rm, Baselgia evangelica refurmada da la Svizra (BRRS) formerly named Federation o ...
. There were 1 individual who belonged to another church. 31 (or about 20.67% of the population) belonged to no church, are
agnostic Agnosticism is the view or belief that the existence of God, of the divine or the supernatural is unknown or unknowable. (page 56 in 1967 edition) Another definition provided is the view that "human reason is incapable of providing sufficie ...
or
atheist Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities. Less broadly, atheism is a rejection of the belief that any deities exist. In an even narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there no ...
, and 2 individuals (or about 1.33% of the population) did not answer the question.


Education

In Greng about 53 or (35.3%) of the population have completed non-mandatory
upper secondary education Secondary education or post-primary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale. Level 2 or lower secondary education (less commonly junior secondary education) is considered the second and final ph ...
, and 47 or (31.3%) have completed additional higher education (either
university A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase ''universitas magistrorum et scholarium'', which ...
or a ''
Fachhochschule A ''Fachhochschule'' (; plural ''Fachhochschulen''), abbreviated FH, is a university of applied sciences (UAS), in other words a German tertiary education institution that provides professional education in many applied sciences and applied ar ...
''). Of the 47 who completed tertiary schooling, 68.1% were Swiss men, 23.4% were Swiss women. The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory
Kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cent ...
, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their
apprenticeship Apprenticeship is a system for training a new generation of practitioners of a trade or profession with on-the-job training and often some accompanying study (classroom work and reading). Apprenticeships can also enable practitioners to gain a ...
.Chart of the education system in Canton Fribourg
During the 2010-11 school year, there were no students attending school in Greng, but a total of 20 students attended school in other municipalities. Of these students, 2 were in kindergarten, 11 were in a primary school, 4 were in a mandatory secondary school and 3 were in an upper secondary school. were in a vocational secondary program. There were no tertiary students from this municipality. , there were 2 students in Greng who came from another municipality, while 20 residents attended schools outside the municipality.


References


External links


Official website
* {{Authority control Municipalities of the canton of Fribourg Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Fribourg