Gregory Callimachi (, ; 1735 – 9 September 1769) was a

Phanariote Phanariots, Phanariotes, or Fanariots (, , ) were members of prominent Greek families in Phanar (Φανάρι, modern ''Fener''), the chief Greek quarter of Constantinople where the Ecumenical Patriarchate is located, who traditionally occupied ...

who served as

Prince of Moldavia This is a list of monarchs of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862, when it united with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality, to form the modern-day state of ...

from 1761 to 1764, and 1767 to 1769.

Origin

Gregory Callimachi was the son of the

Grand Dragoman The Dragoman of the Sublime Porte (Ottoman Turkish language, Ottoman Turkish: ; ), Dragoman of the Imperial Council (), or simply Grand Dragoman (, ) or Chief Dragoman (), was the senior interpreter of the Imperial Council (Ottoman Empire), Ottom ...

, and then

, John Theodore Callimachi, and Ralitsa Chrysoskoleos. He became

hospodar of Moldavia This is a list of monarchs of Moldavia, from the first mention of the medieval polity east of the Carpathians and until its disestablishment in 1862, when it united with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality, to form the modern-day state of ...

as successor of his father in May 1761. Replaced by

Grigore III Ghica Grigore III Ghica (1724 – 12 October 1777) was a prince of Moldavia and of Wallachia. Biography He was the son of Alexandru Matei Ghica, with the position of dragoman, who was beheaded by the Sublime Porte and nephew of Grigore II Ghica's b ...

in March 1764, he returned to his throne in January 1767.

Reign

It was the Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774 that led to his death: accused of collusion with the Russian Empire, he was deposed in June 1769 and sent to Istanbul where he was tried and sentenced to death for treason with the Grand Dragoman Nicolas Soutzo and the Grand Vizier Yağlıkçızade Mehmed Emin Pasha. In September 1769, Callimachi is tied up and his severed head is exposed to the Bâb-ı Hümâyûn, that is to say to the outer door of the

Topkapı Palace The Topkapı Palace (; ), or the Seraglio, is a large museum and library in the east of the Fatih List of districts of Istanbul, district of Istanbul in Turkey. From the 1460s to the completion of Dolmabahçe Palace in 1856, it served as the ad ...

, with a yafta (explanatory notice) specifying his crimes.

Family

Gregory Callimachi married Helena Mavrocordatos, from whom he had two children: * Smaragda, wife in 1788 of

Alexander Hangerli Alexander Hangerli or Handjeri (, , or ''Hangerliu'', Russian: Александр Ханжерли, ''Aleksandr Hanzherli'', Александр Хангерли, ''Aleksandr Hangerli'' or Александру Хангерли, ''Aleksandru Hange ...

, hospodar of Moldavia. * Mariora (1762-1822), wife of the logothete Grigore Sturdza, of whom she had

Mihail Sturdza Prince Mihail Sturdza (24 April 1794 – 8 May 1884), sometimes anglicized as Michael Stourdza, was prince ruler of Moldavia from 1834 to 1849. He was cousin of Princess Roxandra Sturdza and Prince Alexandru Sturdza. Early life He was born a ...

, future prince of Moldavia.

Sources

Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol (; March 23, 1847 – February 27, 1920) was a Romanian historian, philosopher, professor, economist, sociologist, and author. Among his many major accomplishments, he is credited with authoring the first major synthes ...

''Histoire des Roumains de la Dacie trajane : Depuis les origines jusqu'à l'union des principautés''. E Leroux Paris (1896) *

Nicolas Iorga Nicolae Iorga (17 January 1871 – 27 November 1940) was a historian, politician, literary critic, memoirist, Albanologist, poet and playwright. Co-founder (in 1910) of the Democratic Nationalist Party (Romania), Democratic Nationalist Party (PN ...

''Histoire des Roumains et de la romanité orientale''. (1920) * Constantin C. Giurescu & Dinu C. Giurescu, ''Istoria Românilor'' Volume III (depuis 1606), éd. Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică, Bucarest, 1977. * Matei Cazacu, chapitre ''La mort infâme'' dans ''Les Ottomans et la mort'' de Gilles Veinstein 1996, . * Joëlle Dalegre ''Grecs et Ottomans 1453-1923. De la chute de Constantinople à la fin de l’Empire Ottoman'', L’Harmattan 2002, . * Jean Nouzille ''La Moldavie, Histoire tragique d'une région européenne'', éd. Bieler 2004, . * Traian Sandu, ''Histoire de la Roumanie'', éd. Perrin 2008. Monarchs of Moldavia 1735 births 1769 deaths

Gregory Gregory may refer to: People and fictional characters * Gregory (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Gregory (surname), a surname *Gregory (The Walking Dead), fictional character from the walkin ...

18th-century people from the Ottoman Empire 18th-century Moldavian people {{Romania-bio-stub