''Grammostola'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of South American
tarantulas
Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the Family (biology), family Theraphosidae. , 1,100 species have been identified, with 166 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Therap ...
that was first described in text by
Eugène Louis Simon
Eugene is a common male given name that comes from the Greek εὐγενής (''eugenēs''), "noble", literally "well-born", from εὖ (''eu''), "well" and γένος (''genos''), "race, stock, kin".South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...
, and are usually brown in color, with pinkish or orangish-red hairs. The very docile
Chilean rose tarantula
The Chilean rose tarantula (''Grammostola rosea''), also known as the rose hair tarantula, the Chilean fire tarantula, or the Chilean red-haired tarantula (depending on the color morph), is probably the most common species of tarantula available ...
(''Grammostola rosea'') is popular as a beginner's spider among tarantula enthusiasts.
[Muller-Esnault, Susan, DVM. "Rose Hair Tarantulas or Chilean Rose Hair" (2008). http://www.critterology.com/rose_hair_tarantulas_or_chilean_rose_hair-192.html ]
''Grammostola'' as a pet
The
Chilean rose tarantula
The Chilean rose tarantula (''Grammostola rosea''), also known as the rose hair tarantula, the Chilean fire tarantula, or the Chilean red-haired tarantula (depending on the color morph), is probably the most common species of tarantula available ...
(''Grammostola rosea'') is a common pet, as its behavior is generally docile and its venom is very mild. It needs to be kept dry and dislikes being wet (its natural habitat is one of the driest deserts on earth). If the substrate is too wet, it will stand "on tiptoes" in discomfort, or climb the sides of its enclosure, risking fall and injury. It feeds on other
invertebrate
Invertebrates are animals that neither develop nor retain a vertebral column (commonly known as a ''spine'' or ''backbone''), which evolved from the notochord. It is a paraphyletic grouping including all animals excluding the chordata, chordate s ...
s. Its attributes and care are similar to those of its relative, the Chaco golden-knee tarantula (''
Grammostola pulchripes
One of the larger species of tarantula, the Chaco golden knee (''Grammostola pulchripes''), formerly known as ''Grammostola aureostriata'', can be expected to reach between 20 and 22 cm (8.5 in).
Name
The former (and very commonly use ...
'').
Species
it contains twenty species, found in South America:
*''
Grammostola actaeon
''Grammostola actaeon'' is a New World spider also known as the Brazilian redrump or the Brazilian wooly black. It is commonly found in southern Brazil and parts of Uruguay and is remarkably similar to '' Grammostola gigantea'' and '' Grammostola ...
''
( Pocock, 1903) –
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
,
Uruguay
Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...
*''
Grammostola alticeps''
(Pocock, 1903) –
Uruguay
Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...
*''
Grammostola andreleetzi
''Grammostola'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described in text by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. These medium- to large-sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown in color, with pinkish or or ...
''
Vol, 2008 –
Uruguay
Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...
*''
Grammostola anthracina
''Grammostola anthracina'' is a species of spider belonging to the family Theraphosidae (tarantulas).
It is found in Uruguay, Paraguay, Brazil, and Argentina.
Taxonomy
The species was first described in 1842 by Carl Ludwig Koch as ''Mygale anthr ...
''
( C. L. Koch, 1842) –
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
,
Uruguay
Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...
,
Paraguay
Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...
,
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola borelli
''Grammostola'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described in text by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. These medium- to large-sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown in color, with pinkish or or ...
''
(Simon, 1897) –
Paraguay
Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...
*''
Grammostola burzaquensis
''Grammostola'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described in text by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. These medium- to large-sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown in color, with pinkish or ora ...
''
Ibarra, 1946 –
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola chalcothrix
''Grammostola'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described in text by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. These medium- to large-sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown in color, with pinkish or ora ...
''
Chamberlin
The Chamberlin is an electro-mechanical keyboard instrument that was a precursor to the Mellotron. It was developed and patented by the American inventor Harry Chamberlin from 1949 to 1956, when the first model was introduced. There are several ...
, 1917 –
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola diminuta
''Grammostola'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described in text by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. These medium- to large-sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown in color, with pinkish or ora ...
''
Ferretti, Pompozzi, González & Pérez-Miles, 2013 –
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola doeringi
''Grammostola'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described in text by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. These medium- to large-sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown in color, with pinkish or ora ...
''
(Holmberg, 1881) –
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola gossei
''Grammostola'' is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described in text by Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. These medium- to large-sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown in color, with pinkish or ora ...
''
(Pocock, 1899) –
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola grossa
''Grammostola grossa'', the Guarani giant tarantula, is a tarantula that, like all species of the genus ''Grammostola'', is native to South America. It occurs in Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina. The species was described in 1871 by the Au ...
''
( Ausserer, 1871) –
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
,
Paraguay
Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...
,
Uruguay
Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...
,
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola iheringi
''Grammostola iheringi'' also known as the Entre Rios tarantula, it was first described by Keyserling in 1891. They are found in Brazil, and is considered the biggest tarantula in the '' Grammostola'' genus.
Description
Females can live a bit ...
''
(Keyserling Keyserling is the surname of several members of the noble House of Keyserlingk:
* Alexander Keyserling (1815–1891), Russian geologist, paleontologist, botanist and zoologist
* Eugen von Keyserling (1833–1889), German arachnologist
* Hermann Gr ...
, 1891) –
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
*''
Grammostola inermis
''Grammostola'' is a genus of South American Theraphosidae, tarantulas that was first described in text by Eugène Simon, Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. These medium- to large-sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown ...
''
Mello-Leitão, 1941 –
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola mendozae''
(Strand
Strand or The Strand may refer to:
Topography
*The flat area of land bordering a body of water, a:
** Beach
** Shoreline
* Strand swamp, a type of swamp habitat in Florida
Places Africa
* Strand, Western Cape, a seaside town in South Africa
* ...
, 1907) –
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola pulchra''
Mello-Leitão, 1921 –
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
*''
Grammostola pulchripes
One of the larger species of tarantula, the Chaco golden knee (''Grammostola pulchripes''), formerly known as ''Grammostola aureostriata'', can be expected to reach between 20 and 22 cm (8.5 in).
Name
The former (and very commonly use ...
''
(Simon, 1891) (
type
Type may refer to:
Science and technology Computing
* Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc.
* Data type, collection of values used for computations.
* File type
* TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file.
* ...
) –
Paraguay
Paraguay, officially the Republic of Paraguay, is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the Argentina–Paraguay border, south and southwest, Brazil to the Brazil–Paraguay border, east and northeast, and Boli ...
,
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola quirogai''
Montes de Oca, D'Elía & Pérez-Miles, 2016 –
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
,
Uruguay
Uruguay, officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay, is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast, while bordering the Río de la Plata to the south and the A ...
*''
Grammostola rosea
The Chilean rose tarantula (''Grammostola rosea''), also known as the rose hair tarantula, the Chilean fire tarantula, or the Chilean red-haired tarantula (depending on the color morph), is probably the most common species of tarantula available ...
''
(Walckenaer
Baron Charles Athanase Walckenaer (25 December 1771 – 28 April 1852) was a French civil servant, writer, man of letters, and scientist. He was a polymath and wrote extensively on geography, natural history, and literature. Major contributio ...
, 1837) –
Bolivia
Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...
,
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...
,
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
*''
Grammostola subvulpina
''Grammostola'' is a genus of South American Theraphosidae, tarantulas that was first described in text by Eugène Simon, Eugène Louis Simon in 1892. These medium- to large-sized spiders are native to tropical South America, and are usually brown ...
''
(Strand, 1906) –
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...
*''
Grammostola vachoni''
Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1961 –
Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
In synonymy
Transferred to other genera
''Grammostola familiaris''
(Bertkau, 1880) → ''
Homoeomma familiare
''Homoeomma'' (''eyelike'', from Ancient Greek ὅμοιος, ''like'', and ὄμμα, ''eye'') is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Calopelma'', ''But ...
''
Nomen dubium
In binomial nomenclature, a ''nomen dubium'' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural ''nomina dubia'') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application.
Zoology
In case of a ''nomen dubium,'' it may be impossible to determine whether a ...
''Grammostola monticola'' (Strand, 1907) -
Bolivia
Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...
Gallery
Image:Grammostola rosea adult weiblich.jpg, ''Grammostola rosea''
Image:Grammostola pulchra (aka).jpg, ''Grammostola pulchra''
Image:Grammostola pulchripes L9 female OnAHand.jpg, ''Grammostola pulchripes (aureostriata)''
See also
*
List of Theraphosidae species
This page lists all described genera and species of the spider family Theraphosidae. , the World Spider Catalog accepted 1041 species in 156 genera:
A ''Acanthopelma''
'' Acanthopelma'' F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897
* '' Acanthopelma beccarii ...
References
External links
* – includes ''Grammostola'' species
LiveScience Wild Tarantula Eats a Foot-Long Snake in a First
{{Authority control
Theraphosidae
Spiders of South America
Theraphosidae genera
Taxa named by Eugène Simon