''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

orchid Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Orchids are cosmopolitan plants that are found in almost every habitat on Eart ...

s in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in

East Asia East Asia is a geocultural region of Asia. It includes China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan, plus two special administrative regions of China, Hong Kong and Macau. The economies of Economy of China, China, Economy of Ja ...

, Goodyera is found across

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Madeira Madeira ( ; ), officially the Autonomous Region of Madeira (), is an autonomous Regions of Portugal, autonomous region of Portugal. It is an archipelago situated in the North Atlantic Ocean, in the region of Macaronesia, just under north of ...

North North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating Direction (geometry), direction or geography. Etymology T ...

and

Central America Central America is a subregion of North America. Its political boundaries are defined as bordering Mexico to the north, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. Central America is usually ...

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, and on islands from the west

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to the

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. They have a rosette of leaves at their base and usually many small white resupinate flowers. They are similar to orchids in the genus ''

Spiranthes ''Spiranthes'' is a genus of orchids in the subfamily Orchidoideae. They are known commonly as ladies tresses, ladies'-tresses, or lady's tresses.terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth, as opposed to extraterrestrial. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on o ...

plants with a fleshy, creeping

rhizome In botany and dendrology, a rhizome ( ) is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and Shoot (botany), shoots from its Node (botany), nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from ...

and a loose rosette of leaves at the base of a flowering stem with many small, resupinate flowers. The leaves are elliptic, characteristically

asymmetrical Asymmetry is the absence of, or a violation of, symmetry (the property of an object being invariant to a transformation, such as reflection). Symmetry is an important property of both physical and abstract systems and it may be displayed in pre ...

and green with white or pale green markings. The entire plant apart from the flowers is covered with slightly sticky hairs. The

dorsal Dorsal (from Latin ''dorsum'' ‘back’) may refer to: * Dorsal (anatomy), an anatomical term of location referring to the back or upper side of an organism or parts of an organism * Dorsal, positioned on top of an aircraft's fuselage The fus ...

sepal A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 Etymology The term ''sepalum'' ...

and

petal Petals are modified leaves that form an inner whorl surrounding the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often brightly coloured or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. All of the petals of a flower are collectively known as the ''corol ...

s overlap, forming a hood over the

column A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member ...

and the

lateral Lateral is a geometric term of location which may also refer to: Biology and healthcare * Lateral (anatomy), a term of location meaning "towards the side" * Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle, an intrinsic muscle of the larynx * Lateral release ( ...

sepals spread widely. The labellum is not lobed but has a small pouch. Orchids in the genus ''

Spiranthes ''Spiranthes'' is a genus of orchids in the subfamily Orchidoideae. They are known commonly as ladies tresses, ladies'-tresses, or lady's tresses.rhizome In botany and dendrology, a rhizome ( ) is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and Shoot (botany), shoots from its Node (botany), nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. Rhizomes develop from ...

s, have flat, non-pouched labella, and display plain green leaves.

Taxonomy and naming

The genus ''Goodyera'' was first formally described in 1813 by

Robert Brown Robert Brown may refer to: Robert Brown (born 1965), British Director, Animator and author Entertainers and artists * Washboard Sam or Robert Brown (1910–1966), American musician and singer * Robert W. Brown (1917–2009), American printmaker ...

and the description was published in

William Aiton William Aiton (17312 February 1793) was a Scotland, Scottish botanist. Aiton was born near Hamilton, Scotland, Hamilton. Having been regularly trained to the profession of a gardener, he travelled to London in 1754, and became assistant to Phi ...

Hortus Kewensis (Latin for 'Kew Garden'; abbr. ) is a series of works cataloguing the plant species in cultivation at the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Background Kew became a favored location for English courtiers ...

. The genus name honours John Goodyer. Generic delimitation of Goodyera remains problematic, with some authors providing evidence to support a narrower

circumscription Circumscription may refer to: * Circumscribed circle * Circumscription (logic) *Circumscription (taxonomy) * Circumscription theory, a theory about the origins of the political state in the history of human evolution proposed by the American anthr ...

of the genus. The genus is abbreviated ''G.'' in horticultural nomenclature.
Alphabetical List of Standard Abbreviations for Natural and Hybrid Generic Names
', Royal Horticultural Society, 2017.

Distribution

With a center of diversity in

, Goodyera is found across

and

, and on islands from the west

to the

List of species

The following is a list of species of ''Goodyera'' recognised by ''

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...

'' as at May 2023: *'' Goodyera afzelii'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera alveolata'' Pradha *'' Goodyera amoena'' Schltr. *''Goodyera angustifolia'' Schltr. *''Goodyera araneosa'' Huai Zhen Tian, H.Z.Tian, Xiao Xu Zhou, Xiao X.Zhou & Shan Zhou, S.Zhou *''Goodyera beccarii'' Schltr. *''Goodyera bifida'' (Carl Ludwig Blume, Blume) Blume *'' Goodyera biflora'' ( Lindl.) Hook.f. *'' Goodyera boninensis'' Nakai *'' Goodyera brachystegia'' Hand.-Mazz. *'' Goodyera bracteata''

Thouars Thouars () is a commune in the Deux-Sèvres department in western France. On 1 January 2019, the former communes Mauzé-Thouarsais, Missé and Sainte-Radegonde were merged into Thouars. It is on the River Thouet. Its inhabitants are known ...

*'' Goodyera bradeorum'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera clausa'' ( A.A.Eaton ex

Ames AMES, short Air Ministry Experimental Station, was the name given to the British Air Ministry's radar development team at Bawdsey Manor (afterwards RAF Bawdsey) in the immediate pre-World War II era. The team was forced to move on three occasion ...

) Schltr. *'' Goodyera colorata'' (Blume) Blume *'' Goodyera condensata'' Ormerod & J.J.Wood *'' Goodyera cordata'' (Lindl.) G.Nicholson *'' Goodyera crassifolia'' H.J.Suh, S.W.Seo, S.H.Oh & T.Yukawa *'' Goodyera crocodiliceps'' Ormerod *'' Goodyera cyclopensis'' Ormerod *'' Goodyera daibuzanensis'' Yamam. *'' Goodyera denticulata'' J.J.Sm. *'' Goodyera dolabripetala'' (Ames) Schltr. *'' Goodyera elmeri'' (Ames) Ames *'' Goodyera erosa'' (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Ames, F.T.Hubb. & C.Schweinf. *'' Goodyera erythrodoides'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera fimbrilabia'' Ormerod *'' Goodyera foliosa'' (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. *'' Goodyera fumata'' Thwaites *'' Goodyera fusca'' (Lindl.) Hook.f. *'' Goodyera gemmata'' J.J.Sm. *'' Goodyera gibbsiae'' J.J.Sm. *'' Goodyera hachijoensis'' Yatabe *'' Goodyera hemsleyana''

King King is a royal title given to a male monarch. A king is an Absolute monarchy, absolute monarch if he holds unrestricted Government, governmental power or exercises full sovereignty over a nation. Conversely, he is a Constitutional monarchy, ...

& Pantl. *'' Goodyera henryi'' Rolfe *'' Goodyera hispaniolae'' Dod *'' Goodyera hispida'' Lindl. *'' Goodyera humicola'' (Schltr.) Schltr. *'' Goodyera inmeghema'' Ormerod *'' Goodyera lamprotaenia'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera lanceolata'' Ridl. *'' Goodyera longirostrata'' Hayata *'' Goodyera luzonensis'' Ames *'' Goodyera macrophylla'' Lowe *'' Goodyera maculata'' T.P.Lin *'' Goodyera major'' Ames & Correll *'' Goodyera makuensis'' Ormerod *'' Goodyera malipoensis'' Q.X.Guan & S.P.Chen *'' Goodyera marginata'' Lindl. *'' Goodyera maurevertii'' Blume *'' Goodyera × maximovelutina'' N.S.Lee & J.H.So *'' Goodyera medogensis'' H.Z.Tian, Y.H.Tong & B.M.Wang *'' Goodyera micrantha'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera modesta'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera myanmarica'' Ormerod & C.S.Kumar *'' Goodyera nankoensis'' Fukuy. *'' Goodyera nanshanensis'' Xi L.Wang & X.H.Jin *''

Goodyera nantoensis ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East ...

'' Hayata *'' Goodyera novembrilis'' ( Rchb.f.) Ormerod *'' Goodyera oblongifolia'' Raf. *'' Goodyera ovatilabia'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera pendula'' Maxim. *'' Goodyera perrieri'' (Schltr.) Schltr. *'' Goodyera polyphylla'' Ormerod *'' Goodyera porphyrophylla'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera procera'' ( Ker Gawl.) Hook. *''

Goodyera pubescens ''Goodyera pubescens'', the downy rattlesnake plantain (also known as ''Peramium pubescens'' ), is one of the most common orchids native to eastern North America. It is found from Florida to Nova Scotia, west to eastern Oklahoma, Minnesota and On ...

'' ( Willd.) R.Br. *'' Goodyera purpusii'' Ormerod *'' Goodyera pusilla'' Blume *'' Goodyera ramosii'' Ames *'' Goodyera recurva'' Lindl. *''

Goodyera repens ''Goodyera repens'', an orchid in the genus ''Goodyera'', is called by the common name creeping lady's-tresses in Anglophone Europe and dwarf rattlesnake plantain or lesser rattlesnake plantain in North America. It is a green underground creeper ...

'' ( L.) R.Br. *'' Goodyera reticulata'' (Blume) Blume *'' Goodyera rhombodoides'' Aver. *'' Goodyera robusta'' Hook.f. *'' Goodyera rostellata'' Ames & C.Schweinf. *'' Goodyera rostrata'' Ridl. *'' Goodyera rubicunda'' (Blume) Lindl. *'' Goodyera ruttenii'' J.J.Sm. *'' Goodyera schlechtendaliana'' Rchb.f. *'' Goodyera sechellarum'' ( S.Moore) Ormerod *'' Goodyera serpens'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera similis'' Blume *'' Goodyera stelidifera'' Ormerod *''

Goodyera stenopetala ''Goodyera'', commonly called rattlesnake plantain, jade orchids or ladies' tresses is a wide-ranging genus of orchids in the tribe Cranichideae. About 100 species of ''Goodyera'' have been formally described. With a center of diversity in East A ...

'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera striata'' Rchb.f. *'' Goodyera sumbawana'' Ormerod *'' Goodyera taitensis'' Blume *'' Goodyera × tamnaensis'' N.S.Lee, K.S.Lee, S.H.Yeau & C.S.Lee *'' Goodyera × tanakae'' Suetsugu *'' Goodyera tesselata'' G.Lodd. *'' Goodyera thailandica'' Seidenf. *'' Goodyera turialbae'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera umbrosa'' ( D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.) J.M.H.Shaw *'' Goodyera venusta'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera viridiflora'' (Blume) Blume *'' Goodyera vitiensis'' (Louis Otho Williams, L.O.Williams) Paul Joseph Kores, Kores *'' Goodyera vittata'' (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. *'' Goodyera wuana'' Tang & F.T.Wang *'' Goodyera yamiana'' Fukuy. *''

Goodyera yunnanensis ''Goodyera yunnanensis'' is a species of orchid endemic to southern China. It has been reported only from the provinces of Yunnan and Sichuan, growing in forest scrub at elevations of . ''Goodyera yunnanensis'' is a terrestrial herb growing up t ...

'' Schltr. *'' Goodyera zacuapanensis'' Ormerod

References

External links

* {{Authority control Cranichideae genera