genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
s in the family
Asteraceae
Asteraceae () is a large family (biology), family of flowering plants that consists of over 32,000 known species in over 1,900 genera within the Order (biology), order Asterales. The number of species in Asteraceae is rivaled only by the Orchi ...
, commonly called cudweeds or (formerly) chafeweeds. They are widespread and common in
temperate
In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximately 23.5° to 66.5° N/S of the Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ran ...
regions, although some are found on tropical mountains or in the subtropical regions of the world.
Species
,
Plants of the World Online
Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
History
Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...
Gnaphalium diminutivum
''Gnaphalium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly called cudweeds or (formerly) chafeweeds. They are widespread and common in temperate regions, although some are found on tropical mountains or in the subtropical re ...
Gnaphalium indutum
''Gnaphalium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly called cudweeds or (formerly) chafeweeds. They are widespread and common in temperate regions, although some are found on tropical mountains or in the subtropical re ...
'' Hook.f.
*''
Gnaphalium limicola
''Gnaphalium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly called cudweeds or (formerly) chafeweeds. They are widespread and common in temperate regions, although some are found on tropical mountains or in the subtropical re ...
'' Hilliard
*''
Gnaphalium lycopodium
''Gnaphalium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly called cudweeds or (formerly) chafeweeds. They are widespread and common in temperate regions, although some are found on tropical mountains or in the subtropical re ...
'' Pers.
*''
Gnaphalium maclovianum
''Gnaphalium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly called cudweeds or (formerly) chafeweeds. They are widespread and common in temperate regions, although some are found on tropical mountains or in the subtropical re ...
'' Gand.
*''
Gnaphalium magellanicum
''Gnaphalium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly called cudweeds or (formerly) chafeweeds. They are widespread and common in temperate regions, although some are found on tropical mountains or in the subtropical re ...
'' Sch.Bip.
*''
Gnaphalium nelsonii
''Gnaphalium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly called cudweeds or (formerly) chafeweeds. They are widespread and common in temperate regions, although some are found on tropical mountains or in the subtropical re ...
Gnaphalium pauciflorum
''Gnaphalium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, commonly called cudweeds or (formerly) chafeweeds. They are widespread and common in temperate regions, although some are found on tropical mountains or in the subtropical re ...
Pseudognaphalium dysodes
''Pseudognaphalium dysodes'', Synonym (taxonomy), synonym ''Gnaphalium dysodes'', is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is Native species, native to South America from northwestern Venezuela to northwestern Argentina.
Cons ...
''
*''Gnaphalium ecuadorense'' → ''
Pseudognaphalium cheiranthifolium
''Pseudognaphalium cheiranthifolium'', synonyms including ''Gnaphalium cheiranthifolium'' and ''Gnaphalium ecuadorense'', is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to South America, from Colombia to southern Chile.
...
Numerous species have at one time been included in ''Gnaphalium'', but are now considered to belong to other genera: ''
Achyrocline
''Achyrocline'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Asteraceae described as a genus in 1838. It is native to Latin America and Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 ...
Anaphalis
''Anaphalis'' is a genus of herbaceous and woody flowering plants within the family Asteraceae, whose members are commonly known by the name pearl or pearly everlasting. There are around 110 species with the vast majority being native to central ...
Antennaria
''Antennaria'' is a genus of dioecious perennial plant, perennial herbaceous, herbs in the family Asteraceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with a few species (''A. chilensis'', ''A. linearifolia'', ''A. sleumeri'') in ...
Blumea
''Blumea'' is a genus of flowering plants of the family Asteraceae.
Characteristics
Genus ''Blumea'' is found in the tropical and sub-tropical zones of Asia, especially the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. A few species are found in Aust ...
Chrysocephalum
''Chrysocephalum'', known by the common name everlastings for their long life as cut flowers, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. There are nine species, all of which were formerly classified under other genera (''Helichrysu ...
,
Dolichothrix
''Dolichothrix'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family of Asteraceae.
There is only one known species, ''Dolichothrix ericoides'', which is endemic to the Cape Provinces of South Africa
South Africa, officially the Republic of ...
Filago
Filago (Bergamasque: ) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about northeast of Milan and about southwest of Bergamo.
Filago borders the following municipalities: Bonate Sotto, ...
Gamochaeta
''Gamochaeta'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. There has not always been agreement among botanists regarding its status as a recognized genus, but it has become more accepted in recent years.Nesom, G. L. 1990. The taxonom ...
Helichrysum
The genus ''Helichrysum'' consists of an estimated 600 species of flowering plants in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). The type species is '' Helichrysum orientale''. They often go by the names everlasting, immortelle, and strawflower. The na ...
Leontopodium
''Leontopodium'' is a genus of plants in the family (biology), family Asteraceae. The genus is native to Europe and Asia. The fuzzy and somewhat stocky "petals" (technically, bracts) could be thought of as somewhat resembling lions' paws—h ...
Ozothamnus
''Ozothamnus'' is a genus of plants found in Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia.
The following is a list of species' names accepted by the Australian Plant Census as at January 2020:
*''Ozothamnus adnatus'' - winged everlasting
*''Ozotha ...
Petalacte
''Petalacte'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.
;Species
There is only one known species, ''Petalacte coronata'', endemic to the Cape Provinces of South Africa.Gibbs Russell, G. E., W. G. M. Welman, E. Retief, K. L. Immelm ...
Pilosella
''Pilosella'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. It includes approximately 250 species native to temperate Eurasia and northwestern Africa. Some sources include it within the genus ''Hieracium''.
Species
, Plants of the Wor ...
Pseudognaphalium
''Pseudognaphalium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Members of the genus are commonly known as cudweeds or rabbit tobacco (''Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium, P. obtusifolium'' is the original species with that name). They ...
,
Pterocaulon
''Pterocaulon'' is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family, native to North and South America and to Australasia. Blackroot is a common name for species native to North America.
The plants are perennial herbs, frequently densely cov ...
,
Rhodanthe
''Rhodanthe'', also known as sunray or pink paper daisy, is a genus of Australian plants in the tribe Gnaphalieae within the family Asteraceae.
The name ''Rhodanthe'' is derived from Greek language, Greek ''rhodon'', rose and ''anthos'', flow ...
,
Raoulia
''Raoulia'' is a genus of New Zealand plants in the tribe Gnaphalieae within the family Asteraceae.
Many ''Raoulia'' species grow in alpine areas, forming very fine and dense growths. These compact growths form large amorphous cushion-like mas ...
,
Schizogyne
''Schizogyne'' is a plant genus in the tribe Inuleae within the family Asteraceae. It was established in 1828 by French botanist Alexandre de Cassini.
; Species
* '' Schizogyne glaberrima'' DC. - Canary Islands (Tenerife + Gran Canaria)
* '' S ...
Syncarpha
''Syncarpha'' is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. The flowers are known by the common name: everlastings. The genus is Endemism, endemic to the fynbos of the Eastern Cape, Eastern and Western Cape in South Afric ...
Xerochrysum
''Xerochrysum'' ( syn. ''Bracteantha'') is a genus of flowering plants native to Australia. It was described by Russian botanist Nikolai Tzvelev in 1990, preceding (and taking precedence over) ''Bracteantha'' which was described the following yea ...
''
Secondary metabolites
''Gnaphalium'' species are known to contain
flavonoids
Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word ''flavus'', meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans.
Chemically, flavonoids ...
and
diterpenes
Diterpenes are a class of terpenes composed of four isoprene units, often with the molecular formula C20H32. They are biosynthesized by plants, animals and fungi via the HMG-CoA reductase pathway, with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate being a prima ...
. Recently, two unique caffeoyl-D-glucaric acid derivatives, leontopodic acid and leontopodic acid B formerly only known from '' Leontopodium alpinum'' (L.) Cass. were detected in various species of ''Gnaphalium'' together with similar formerly unknown compounds.