Glycymeris Gigantea
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''Glycymeris'',
common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often con ...
the bittersweet clams, is a
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of saltwater
clam Clam is a common name for several kinds of bivalve mollusc. The word is often applied only to those that are deemed edible and live as infauna, spending most of their lives halfway buried in the sand of the sea floor or riverbeds. Clams h ...
s, marine
bivalve Bivalvia () or bivalves, in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class (biology), class of aquatic animal, aquatic molluscs (marine and freshwater) that have laterally compressed soft bodies enclosed b ...
mollusc Mollusca is a phylum of protostome, protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant taxon, extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum ...
s in the family
Glycymerididae Glycymerididae, often misspelled as Glycymeridae, common names dog cockles or bittersweets, is a worldwide Family (biology), family of salt water clams, Marine (ocean), marine bivalve mollusks in the order Arcida. They are related to the ark clam ...
.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Glycymeris da Costa, 1778. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138035 on 2022-04-19


Etymology

The genus name comes from the
Ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...
word ''glykymaris'' (perhaps from ''Glykys'' (sweet) and ''Meris'' (part)), a word which is only recorded once in Greek literature.


Fossil records

These clams are very common as fossils, from the
Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 143.1 to 66 mya (unit), million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era (geology), Era, as well as the longest. At around 77.1 million years, it is the ...
period in the
Valanginian In the geologic timescale, the Valanginian is an age or stage of the Early or Lower Cretaceous. It spans between 137.05 ± 0.2 Ma and 132.6 ± 0.2 Ma (million years ago). The Valanginian Stage succeeds the Berriasian Stage of the Lower Cretac ...
age (between 140.2 ± 3.0 mya and 136.4 ± 2.0 mya). Fossil shells of these molluscs can be found all over the world. Genus ''Glycymeris'' includes about 100 extinct species. Paleobiology database
/ref>


Description

The shells are generally biconvex, with equal valves round in outline, and slightly longer than wide. Their size varies from medium to large. The external ligament lacks transverse
striation Striations means a series of ridges, furrows or linear marks, and is used in several ways: * Glacial striation * Striation (fatigue), in material * Striation (geology), a ''striation'' as a result of a geological fault * Striation Valley, in A ...
s. These clams are a facultatively mobile infaunal suspension feeders.


Habitat

They are widespread on shallow seabeds consisting of heterogeneous-grained sediments.


Species

Species within this genus include:Biolib
/ref> * '' Glycymeris adenensis'' (Jousseaume in Lamy, 1916) * '' Glycymeris aequilatera'' (Gmelin, 1791) *'' Glycymeris albolineata'' (Lischke, 1872) - White-lined bittersweet *''
Glycymeris americana ''Glycymeris americana'', or the American bittersweet, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the family Glycymerididae. It can be found along the Atlantic coast of North America, ranging from Virginia to Texas and Brazil. Description In warmer wate ...
'' (DeFrance, 1829) - Giant bittersweet * '' Glycymeris arabica'' (H. Adams, 1871) *'' Glycymeris aspersa'' (Adams & Reeve, 1850) *'' Glycymeris bimaculata'' (
Poli DNA polymerase iota is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''POLI'' gene. It is found in higher eukaryotes, and is believed to have arisen from a gene duplication from Pol η. Pol ι, is a Y family polymerase that is involved in transl ...
, 1795)
- Two-spotted bittersweet * ''
Glycymeris boucheti ''Glycymeris'', common name the bittersweet clams, is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Glycymeris da Costa, 1778. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...
'' Matsukuma, 1984 * ''
Glycymeris concentrica ''Glycymeris'', common name the bittersweet clams, is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Glycymeris da Costa, 1778. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...
'' (Dunker, 1853) *''
Glycymeris connollyi ''Glycymeris'', common name the bittersweet clams, is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Glycymeris da Costa, 1778. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...
'' Tomlin, 1925 * ''
Glycymeris cotinga ''Glycymeris'', common name the bittersweet clams, is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Glycymeris da Costa, 1778. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...
'' (Iredale, 1939) *''
Glycymeris dampierensis ''Glycymeris'', common name the bittersweet clams, is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Glycymeris da Costa, 1778. Accessed through: World Register of Marine ...
'' Matsukuma, 1984 *''
Glycymeris decussata ''Glycymeris decussata'', or the decussate bittersweet, is a species of bivalve mollusc in the family Glycymerididae. It can be found in Caribbean waters, ranging from Florida to the West Indies and Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative ...
'' (
Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
,
1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...
)
- Decussate bittersweet *''
Glycymeris delessertii ''Glycymeris'', common name the bittersweet clams, is a genus of saltwater clam Clam is a common name for several kinds of bivalve mollusc. The word is often applied only to those that are deemed edible and live as infauna, spending most ...
'' ( Reeve, 1843) * '' Glycymeris flammea'' (Reeve, 1843) * '' Glycymeris formosa'' (Reeve, 1843) * '' Glycymeris fringilla'' (Angas, 1872) * '' Glycymeris gigantea'' (Reeve, 1843) *''
Glycymeris glycymeris ''Glycymeris'', common name the bittersweet clams, is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Glycymeris da Costa, 1778. Accessed through: World Register of Marin ...
'' (
Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
,
1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...
)
- Dog cockle or European bittersweet * '' Glycymeris grayana'' (Dunker, 1857) * '' Glycymeris habei'' Matsukuma, 1984 * '' Glycymeris hanleyi'' (Angas, 1879) * '' Glycymeris hedleyi'' (Lamy, 1912) * '' Glycymeris holoserica'' (Reeve, 1843) * '' Glycymeris imperialis'' Kuroda, 1934 * '' Glycymeris inflata'' (Brocchi, 1814) * '' Glycymeris intermedia'' (Broderip, 1832) * '' Glycymeris keenae'' Willett, 1944 * '' Glycymeris lamprelli'' M. Huber, 2010 * '' Glycymeris lintea'' Olsson, 1961 * '' Glycymeris livida'' (Reeve, 1843) *'' Glycymeris longior'' (Broderip & G. B. Sowerby I, 1833) * '' Glycymeris maculata'' (Broderip, 1832) * '' Glycymeris marmorata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * '' Glycymeris mayi'' (Cotton, 1947) *'' Glycymeris modesta'' ( Angas, 1879) * '' Glycymeris munda'' (G. B. Sowerby III, 1903) *'' Glycymeris muskatensis'' Melvill, 1897 - Muscat bittersweet *'' Glycymeris nummaria'' (Linnaeus, 1758) *'' Glycymeris oculata'' ( Reeve, 1843) * '' Glycymeris ovata'' (Broderip, 1832) * '' Glycymeris ozawai'' Thach, 2021 * '' Glycymeris persimilis'' (Iredale, 1939) * '' Glycymeris pertusa'' (Reeve, 1843) * '' Glycymeris pilosa'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * '' Glycymeris pilsbryi'' (Yokoyama, 1920) * '' Glycymeris queenslandica'' Hedley, 1906 * '' Glycymeris queketti'' ( G. B. Sowerby III, 1897) *'' Glycymeris radians'' (
Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolo ...
, 1819)
- Rayed bittersweet * '' Glycymeris rafaelmesai'' Nolf & Swinnen, 2013 *'' Glycymeris reevei'' (Mayer, 1868) - Reeve's bittersweet * '' Glycymeris renkerorum'' Thach, 2021 *'' Glycymeris rotunda'' (Dunker, 1882) * '' Glycymeris scripta'' (Born, 1778) *'' Glycymeris septentrionalis'' (Middendorff, 1849) *'' Glycymeris sericata'' ( Reeve, 1843) * '' Glycymeris shutoi'' Matsukuma, 1981 *'' Glycymeris spectralis'' Nicol, 1952 - Spectral bittersweet * '' Glycymeris shutoi'' Matsukuma, 1981 * '' Glycymeris striatularis'' (Lamarck, 1819) * '' Glycymeris taylori'' (Angas, 1879) *'' Glycymeris tellinaeformis'' ( Reeve, 1843) * '' Glycymeris tenuicostata'' (Reeve, 1843) *'' Glycymeris undata'' (
Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
,
1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...
)
- Atlantic bittersweet * '' Glycymeris vanhengstumi'' Goud & Gulden, 2009 *''
Glycymeris yessoensis ''Glycymeris yessoensis'' is a species of Bivalvia, bivalve Mollusca, mollusc in the family (biology), family Glycymerididae. It can be found burrowing in soft sediment in shallow water in the Pacific Ocean around the coasts of China and Japan. I ...
'' (G. B. Sowerby III, 1886)


Synonyms

* ''Glycymeris adenenesis'' ic synonym of ''Glycymeris adenensis'' (Jousseaume in Lamy, 1916) (misspelling) * ''Glycymeris amamiensis'' Kuroda, 1930: synonym of ''Glycymeris tenuicostata'' (Reeve, 1843) * ''Glycymeris amboinensis'' (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of '' Tucetona pectunculus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Glycymeris arcodentiens'' (Dall, 1895): synonym of ''
Tucetona arcodentiens ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Dall, 1895) * ''Glycymeris apinensis'' Gray in Griffith & Pidgeon, 1833: synonym of '' Glauconome chinensis'' Gray, 1828 (junior synonym) * ''Glycymeris arcodentiens'' (Dall, 1895): synonym of ''
Tucetona arcodentiens ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Dall, 1895) * ''Glycymeris argentea'' da Costa, 1777: synonym of ''
Nucula nucleus ''Nucula'' is a genus of very small saltwater clams. They are part of the family Nuculidae. Fossil records This genus is very ancient. Fossils are known from the Arenig to the Quaternary (age range: from 478.6 to 0.0 million years ago). Fossils ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Glycymeris aucklandica'' Powell, 1938 †: synonym of '' Tucetona aucklandica'' (Powell, 1938) † (original combination) * ''Glycymeris broadfooti'' Iredale, 1929: synonym of '' Tucetona broadfooti'' (Iredale, 1929) * ''Glycymeris canoa'' Pilsbry & Olsson, 1941: synonym of '' Tucetona canoa'' (Pilsbry & Olsson, 1941) * ''Glycymeris capricornea'' Hedley, 1906: synonym of ''Glycymeris tenuicostata'' (Reeve, 1843) * ''Glycymeris cardiiformis'' (Angas, 1879): synonym of ''
Tucetona multicostata ''Tucetona multicostata'' is a species of clam Clam is a common name for several kinds of bivalve mollusc. The word is often applied only to those that are deemed edible and live as infauna, spending most of their lives halfway buried in ...
'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1833) *''Glycymeris castaneus''
Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolo ...
: synonym of '' Glycymeris undata'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Glycymeris chambersi'' P. Marshall & Browne, 1909 †: synonym of '' Tucetona chambersi'' (P. Marshall & Browne, 1909) † * ''Glycymeris chemnitzii'' Dall, 1909: synonym of '' Tucetona chemnitzii'' (Dall, 1909) * ''Glycymeris coalingensis'' Arnold, 1910: synonym of ''Glycymeris septentrionalis'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Glycymeris colorata'' Eichwald, 1829: synonym of '' Monodacna colorata'' (Eichwald, 1829) * ''Glycymeris concava'' P. Marshall, 1917 †: synonym of '' Glycymerita concava'' (P. Marshall, 1917) † * ''Glycymeris conradi'' Dall, 1909: synonym of ''Glycymeris septentrionalis'' (Middendorff, 1849) (invalid: junior secondary homonym of ''Glycymeris conradi'' (Whitfield, 1885); ''G. larvata'' is a replacement name) * ''Glycymeris corteziana'' Dall, 1916: synonym of ''Glycymeris septentrionalis'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Glycymeris dautzenbergi'' Prashad, 1932: synonym of ''
Tucetona prashadi ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Nicol, 1951) * ''Glycymeris diaphorus'' Dall, 1916: synonym of ''Glycymeris longior'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1833) (junior synonym) *''Glycymeris diomedea'' Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938: synonym of '' Tucetona diomedea'' (Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938) * ''Glycymeris finlayi'' Laws, 1939 †: synonym of '' Tucetona finlayi'' (Laws, 1939) † (original combination) * ''Glycymeris gabbi'' Dall, 1909: synonym of ''Glycymeris septentrionalis'' (Middendorff, 1849) *''Glycymeris gordoni'' (Nowell-Usticke, 1959): synonym of ''
Tucetona sericata ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine (ocean), marine bivalve molluscs in the family (biology), family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Speci ...
'' (Reeve, 1843) * ''Glycymeris grewingki'' Dall, 1909: synonym of ''Glycymeris septentrionalis'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Glycymeris guadalupensis'' A. M. Strong, 1938: synonym of ''Glycymeris septentrionalis'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Glycymeris hanzawai'' Nomura & Zinbo, 1934: synonym of '' Tucetona hanzawai'' (Nomura & Zinbo, 1934) * ''Glycymeris hurupiensis'' Marwick, 1923 †: synonym of ''Glycymerita (Manaia) hurupiensis'' (Marwick, 1923) † represented as '' Glycymerita hurupiensis'' (Marwick, 1923) † * ''Glycymeris huttoni'' Marwick, 1923 †: synonym of ''Glycymerita (Manaia) huttoni'' (Marwick, 1923) † represented as '' Glycymerita huttoni'' (Marwick, 1923) † * ''Glycymeris insignis'' Pilsbry, 1906: synonym of ''
Tucetona sordida ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Tate, 1891) * ''Glycymeris insubrica'' (Brocchi, 1814): synonym of ''Glycymeris nummaria'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Glycymeris kaawaensis'' Marwick, 1923 †: synonym of ''Glycymerita (Manaia) kaawaensis'' (Marwick, 1923) † represented as '' Glycymerita kaawaensis'' (Marwick, 1923) † * ''Glycymeris kauaia'' Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938: synonym of ''
Tucetona kauaia ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938) (original combination) * ''Glycymeris kona'' Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938: synonym of ''
Tucetona kauaia ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938) * ''Glycymeris laeviuscula'' Eichwald, 1829: synonym of '' Adacna laeviuscula'' (Eichwald, 1829) (original combination) * ''Glycymeris larvata'' Hanna, 1924: synonym of ''Glycymeris septentrionalis'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Glycymeris lornensis'' Marwick, 1923 †: synonym of '' Tucetona lornensis'' (Marwick, 1923) † (original combination) * ''Glycymeris magnificens'' Iredale, 1929: synonym of ''
Tucetona laticostata ''Tucetona laticostata'', or the large dog cockle, is a salt water clam or marine bivalve mollusc in the family Glycymerididae. Despite the common name, it is not closely related to the common cockle. The word dog cockle implies that it roughly ...
'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1835) * ''Glycymeris manaiaensis'' Marwick, 1923 †: synonym of ''Glycymerita (Manaia) manaiaensis'' (Marwick, 1923) † represented as '' Glycymerita manaiaensis'' (Marwick, 1923) † * ''Glycymeris marwicki'' Matsukuma & Grant-Mackie, 1979 †: synonym of '' Glycymerita marwicki'' (Matsukuma & Grant-Mackie, 1979) † * ''Glycymeris maskatensis'' (Melvill, 1897): synonym of '' Tucetona guesi'' (Jousseaume, 1895) * ''Glycymeris mauia'' Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938: synonym of ''
Tucetona arcodentiens ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Dall, 1895) * ''Glycymeris migueliana'' Dall, 1916: synonym of ''Glycymeris septentrionalis'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Glycymeris mindoroensis'' E. A. Smith, 1916: synonym of ''
Tucetona mindoroensis ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (E. A. Smith, 1916) * ''Glycymeris molokaia'' Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938: synonym of ''
Tucetona molokaia ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938) * ''Glycymeris morum'' (Reeve, 1843): synonym of ''
Tucetona sericata ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine (ocean), marine bivalve molluscs in the family (biology), family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Speci ...
'' (Reeve, 1843) * ''Glycymeris multicostata'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1833): synonym of ''
Tucetona multicostata ''Tucetona multicostata'' is a species of clam Clam is a common name for several kinds of bivalve mollusc. The word is often applied only to those that are deemed edible and live as infauna, spending most of their lives halfway buried in ...
'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1833) * ''Glycymeris multistriata'' W. H. Turton, 1932: synonym of ''Glycymeris connollyi'' Tomlin, 1926 (junior synonym) * ''Glycymeris nux'' Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938: synonym of ''
Tucetona nux ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938) * ''Glycymeris oahua'' Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938: synonym of '' Tucetona diomedea'' (Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938) * ''Glycymeris orbicularis'' da Costa, 1778: synonym of ''Glycymeris glycymeris'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Glycymeris organi'' L. C. King, 1934 †: synonym of '' Glycymerita organi'' (L. C. King, 1934) † * ''Glycymeris pectinata'' (
Gmelin Gmelin may refer to: * Karl Christian Gmelin, Carl Christian Gmelin (1762–1837), German botanist, author of ''Flora Badensis, Alsatica et confinium regionum cis- et transrhenania'' (1806) * Charles Gmelin (1872–1950), British Olympic athlete * ...
, 1791)
- Comb bittersweet : synonym of ''Tucetona pectinata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Glycymeris pectiniformis'' (
Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolo ...
, 1819)
: synonym of '' Tucetona pectunculus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Glycymeris pectunculus'' (
Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
,
1758 Events January–March * January 1 – Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné) publishes in Stockholm the first volume (''Animalia'') of the 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'', the starting point of modern zoologic ...
)
: synonym of '' Tucetona pectunculus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Glycymeris penelevis'' Cotton, 1930: synonym of ''Glycymeris striatularis'' (Lamarck, 1819) * ''Glycymeris plicata'' Eichwald, 1829: synonym of '' Hypanis plicata'' (Eichwald, 1829) * ''Glycymeris prashadi'' Nicol, 1951: synonym of ''
Tucetona prashadi ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Nicol, 1951) * ''Glycymeris rangatira'' L. C. King, 1934 †: synonym of '' Glycymerita rangatira'' (L. C. King, 1934) † * ''Glycymeris rectidorsalis'' Marwick, 1931 †: synonym of '' Glycymerita rectidorsalis'' (Marwick, 1931) † (original combination) * ''Glycymeris reevei'' Marwick, 1931 †: synonym of '' Glycymerita marwicki'' (Matsukuma & Grant-Mackie, 1979) † (Invalid: not Mayer, 1868) * ''Glycymeris robusta'' Marwick, 1923 †: synonym of ''Glycymerita (Glycymerita) robusta'' (Marwick, 1923) † represented as '' Glycymerita robusta'' (Marwick, 1923) † * ''Glycymeris strigilata'' G.B. Sowerby I, 1833: synonym of ''
Tucetona strigilata ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1833) * ''Glycymeris subglobosa'' Suter, 1917 †: synonym of '' Glycymerita subglobosa'' (Suter, 1917) † * ''Glycymeris subobsoleta'' (Carpenter, 1864): synonym of ''Glycymeris septentrionalis'' (Middendorff, 1849) * ''Glycymeris subpectiniformis'' Nomura & Zinbo, 1934: synonym of ''
Tucetona subpectiniformis ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' (Nomura & Zinbo, 1934) * ''Glycymeris subtilis'' (Nicol, 1956): synonym of ''
Tucetona subtilis ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' Nicol, 1956 * ''Glycymeris thomsoni'' Marwick, 1929: synonym of '' Glycymerita thomsoni'' (Marwick, 1929) † (original combination) * ''Glycymeris tohunga'' L. C. King, 1934 †: synonym of '' Glycymerita tohunga'' (L. C. King, 1934) † * ''Glycymeris undata'' (Linnaeus, 1758) sensu van Regteren Altena, 1971: synonym of ''Glycymeris marmorata'' (Gmelin, 1791) (misapplication) * ''Glycymeris velutina'' Suter, 1908: synonym of ''Glycymeris modesta'' (Angas, 1879) * ''Glycymeris vestita'' (Dunker, 1877): synonym of ''Glycymeris aspersa'' (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850) * ''Glycymeris violacescens'' (Lamarck, 1819): synonym of ''Glycymeris nummaria'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Glycymeris vitrea'' Eichwald, 1829: synonym of ''Adacna vitrea vitrea'' (Eichwald, 1829): synonym of '' Adacna vitrea'' (Eichwald, 1829) * ''Glycymeris vitreus'' Odhner, 1917: synonym of ''
Tucetona odhneri ''Tucetona'' is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Glycymerididae, the bittersweet clams. Unlike other genera in the family, ''Tucetona'' species have a ribbed shell. Species Species within the genus ''Tucetona'' ...
'' Iredale, 1939 * ''Glycymeris wagenwoorti'' Lacourt, 1977: synonym of ''Glycymeris glycymeris'' (Linnaeus, 1758)


Gallery

File:Glycymeris glycymeris fossile.JPG, Fossil Glycymeris glycymeris at the Geopaleontologic Museum GAMPS File:Glycymeris glycymeris Meermandel.jpg, ''Glycymeris glycymeris'' - Meermandel File:Glycymeris glycymeris varias cunchas.jpg, ''Glycymeris glycymeris'' - Galicia (Spain File:Glycymeris modesta.JPG, ''Glycymeris modesta'' - Pakiri, New Zealand


References


Animal Diversity
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2238036 Bivalve genera Extant Cretaceous first appearances Taxa named by Emanuel Mendes da Costa